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卷十五_礼记析疑

章节: 卷十五
书名: 礼记析疑
类目: 经部
原作者:
朝代:
写作年代: 约公元前-162年  至  公元后591年
视频: 卷十五_礼记析疑
音频: 卷十五_礼记析疑
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欽定四庫全書 禮記析疑卷十五          翰林院侍講銜方苞撰  明堂位 明堂位列戴記先儒以為誣舊矣而余尤疑是篇不 知何為而作也謂周人記之則於明堂方位度數朝 㑹禮儀宜詳謂魯人自侈大則宜先周公勲勞法則 以及山川土田附庸殷民周索命誥典册而無一具
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 焉至魯君臣相弑三傳無異辭初誦經書者皆識焉 記者能詳四代之服器官而獨昧於此豈不異哉及 讀前漢書然後知此莽之意而為之者劉歆之徒耳 莽之簒無事不託於周公其居攝也羣臣上奏稱明 堂位以定其儀故記所稱莫不與莽事相應其稱周 公踐天子之位以治天下朝諸侯於明堂以莽踐阼 背斧依南面朝羣臣也賊臣受九錫以為簒徴自莽 始故傋舉魯所受服器官以為是猶行古之道耳其
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 稱魯君臣未嘗相弑又以示傳聞不可盡信若將為 平帝之弑設疑也其篇首曰昔者周公朝諸侯於明 堂之位天子負斧依南鄉而立易周公以天子與當 日羣臣所奏周公始攝則居天子之位非乃六年然 後踐阼隱相證也莽贊稱假皇帝則奏稱書逸嘉禾 篇周公奉鬯立於阼階延登贊曰假王涖政勤和天 下書既逸矣云云者誰實為之又况漫無所稽之雜 記哉或疑周公踐阼倍依以朝諸侯别見史記魯燕
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 世家而荀卿儒效篇亦曰以枝代主疑明堂記或有 所授不知古用簡册秘府而外藏書甚稀太史公書 宣成間始少出自向校遺書歆卒父業以序七畧東 漢宗之凡後世子史之傳皆歆所校録也歆既偽作 明堂記獨不能増竄太史公荀子之文哉詩書而外 周人之書成體而不雜者莫如左氏春秋傳史克之 頌祝鮀之言於魯先世事詳矣無一語及此而悖亂 之說皆見於歆以後始顯之書則歆實偽亂増竄以
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 文莽之姦也决矣嘗考魯世家削去成王少至攝行 政當國燕世家削去成王既㓜至召公乃説前後文 義脗合無間而周本紀所謂周公攝行政當國與尚 書位冢宰正百工義正相符是則劉歆之徒所未及 改更而尚存其舊者儒效篇首與中間語複按以文 律如附贅縣疣盖自秦昭王問孫卿以下乃其本文 也昔韓子論學首在别古書之正偽取其正者以相 參伍而得其㑹通昭昭然如分黑白矣
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九夷之國東門之外西面北上八蠻之國南門之外北面東上六戎之國西門之外東面南上五狄之國北門之外南面東上九采之國應門之外北面東上四塞世告至此周公明堂之位也 據此則四面皆有門天子南鄉東西面朝者尚有相 向之義南面則出背後恐非所安周書康王之誥大 保率西方諸侯入應門左畢公率東方諸侯入應門 右此正成周盛時所用之禮以此推之四裔之國
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 雖多皆於南門外分左右以次而上無四面分布之 理 列序朝位忽曰四塞世告至即承以此周公明 堂之位也即以文義求之暗昧支離亦與莽傳中誥 令書疏相類命魯公世世祀周公以天子之禮樂 春秋傳子家駒曰諸侯僭於天子大夫僭於諸侯久 矣昭公曰吾何僭矣哉子家駒曰設兩觀乘大路朱 干玉戚以舞大夏八佾以舞大武此皆天子之禮也
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 使成王果賜而伯禽受之不當以為僭矣納夷蠻之樂於太廟言廣魯於天下也 按莽傳羣臣始奏宜益莽封三萬户此大將軍霍光 蕭相國何繼以莽女立為后有司請以新野田二萬 五千六百頃益莽封以應古者后父百里尊而不臣 及陳崇頌莽功徳遂倡言成王之於周公度百里之 限踰九錫之檢開七百里之宇魯公之外六子皆封 宜勅盡伯禽之賜無遴周公之報自是吏民上書者
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 千八百餘人咸曰周公享七子之封有過上公之賞 及莽將即真羣臣尚據此復奏此莽始終布置漸次上 逼以革漢命之本謀也故歆作此記因納夷蠻之樂 而云廣魯於天下以隱相證焉百官廢職服大刑而天下大服 周官王朝祭祀肆師相治小禮誅其怠慢者所云誅 責讓譴呵之謂耳何至遂服大刑且魯雖受禮樂之 賜并不聞有廢職服刑之事而曰天下大服更不可
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 解如謂賜禮樂時即降廢職服大刑之命則天下宜 恫疑駭遽而不知其何所為何以遂大服乎蓋莽以 窮治吕寛之獄滅衞氏及漢宗親郡國豪傑死者數 百人海内震焉故歆為此記以示共周公之祀事而 廢其職者即服大刑况顯與安漢公為敵及隂謀變 怪以相驚懼者乎雖鉤黨蔓誅亦未為已甚也反坫出尊 凡爵奠於席上有坫則隆然髙出故曰出尊
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崇坫康圭 康安也為面坫以安圭也拊搏玉磬揩擊大琴大瑟中琴小瑟四代之樂器也 當是揩擊玉磬拊搏大琴大瑟中琴小瑟文錯也    
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        禮記析疑卷十五




  • Form feed of here of original Yin Wen
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    Zuo is much or so in proper order all is divided outside Wu Na Zuo and go up all sides distributingsGovernment of manage rank order say suddenly world of 4 a place of strategic importance is accused to namely bear with this Zhou GongmingAn also begs with article Li namely dark be ignorant of of hall raise Zuo also the Zha in of Ning rank grass Zuo of your scanty photographAge of life Zuo public life offers sacrifices to Zhou Gong the Die with the emperorAge child domestic Zuo says Zheng Hou overstep one's authority oversteps his authority at the emperor doctor at Zheng Hou Jiuwhy does clear Gong Yuewu overstep his authority child domestic Zuo says Yu Yin multiplies the highroad bright redBig summer of dance of Qiyi doing jade 8 Yi with Wu Dawu this all the Die of the emperor also
    Form feed of here of original Yin Wen
    Make into Wang Guo Zuo Bai Qin suffers not oversteps his authority with Below the Wu Tian of Zuo of of character of of Wu Tai of Ji exterminate Xiao alsoOfficial of Li of the that press rank grass only then Qu of inside back cover of Zou Yiyi rank grass door Huo Guang of this big Zuo Why does after Kui establishs with rank grass daughter, Sheng photograph have department Zha with Xin Yetian 2 Qu Rank grass of 5600 Zuo beneficial is sealed with ancient person hind father a hunderd li honour and not officialReach Zuo to esteem of result of Zuo rank grass to propose to spend a hunderd li at Zhou Gong into Wangzhi thenBe restricted the Zuo of 9 Zuo of Zuo 700 Li Zhiyu Zuo are fair besides 6 child all sealThe naturally of the Zhougong of Zuo Lin of Bai Qin of appropriate Bao the on official civilian person
    Form feed of here of original Yin Wen
    Xian Yuezhou of 1800 Zuo person is fair enjoy 7 child have the fair Zuo on Zuo The that reach rank grass namely true Li official still achieve of this this rank grass only then Jian decorates second onForce this Zheng with change life also because Ji smooths,reason Xin makes this Yin the of Xiao And below Wu Tian of cloud Zuo with Yan of Zuo photograph Zhu Long of 100 officials takes big punishment and the world is taken greatlyZhou Guanwang treats small Die Zha toward photograph of sacred four Zha of cloud of place of the person that its slightWhy does the Zheng ear that Zuo Zhu Zhu breathes out come to take big punishment then and Zuo Zuo suffers Die Zuo not the thing that Long has Long serve a sentence and say the world is taken greatly more cannot
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    Solution falls namely like of of Zheng Zuo Die the appropriate of life the world that Long takes big punishmentHurriedly of fear doubt Zuo and do not know its why why is place taken greatly then San rank grass with Xiao that Fu controls Lv reachs of dead of of a person of extraordinary powers of of county of Yin of an administrative unit in XizangThis Yin of of Xin of reason of Yan of the shake inside 100 sea of faceses in order to show in all Zhou Gongzhi offers sacrifices to a thing and its Long person take big punishment namely besides Zuo Ning installs of fair and Zuo Zheng Zhu Strange with photograph Zuo person of Yi Wei of Zha of tendril of Zuo Zuo Zuo already very alsoTurn over Dian to go out honourThere is Zuo of Dian Long Ran to give reason to say on Dian Wuxi of every the rank of nobility piece honour
    Form feed of here of original Yin Wen
    Esteem Dian Kang GuiKang An also face Dian with An Gui alsoSmall a twenty-five-stringed plucked instrument of the musical instrument in clapping wrestle jade chime stone wipes big a twenty-five-stringed plucked instrument of big musical instrument the of 4 generation implement also is to wipe jade chime stone to clap Zuo of article of small a twenty-five-stringed plucked instrument of the musical instrument in big a twenty-five-stringed plucked instrument of wrestle big musical instrument also    
    Form feed of here of original Yin Wen
            Die Yin resolve a doubt coils 15


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