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九地篇第十一_孙子兵法

  孙子曰:用兵之法,有散地,有轻地,有争地,有交地,有衢地,有重地,有圮地,有围地,有死地。诸侯自战其地,为散地。入人之地不深者,为轻地。我得则利,彼得亦利者,为争地。我可以往,彼可以来者,为交地。诸侯之地三属,先至而得天下之众者,为衢地。入人之地深,背城邑多者,为重地。行山林、险阻、沮泽,凡难行之道者,为圮地。所由入者隘,所从归者迂,彼寡可以击吾之众者,为围地。疾战则存,不疾战则亡者,为死地。是故散地则无战,轻地则无止,争地则无攻,交地则无绝,衢地则合交,重地则掠,圮地则行,围地则谋,死地则战。

 
  所谓古之善用兵者,能使敌人前后不相及,众寡不相恃,贵贱不相救,上下不相收,卒离而不集,兵合而不齐。合于利而动,不合于利而止。敢问:“敌众整而将来,待之若何?”曰:“先夺其所爱,则听矣。”
 
  兵之情主速,乘人之不及,由不虞之道,攻其所不戒也。
 
  凡为客之道:深入则专,主人不克;掠于饶野,三军足食;谨养而勿劳,并气积力,运兵计谋,为不可测。投之无所往,死且不北,死焉不得,士人尽力。兵士甚陷则不惧,无所往则固。深入则拘,不得已则斗。是故其兵不修而戒,不求而得,不约而亲,不令而信,禁祥去疑,至死无所之。吾士无余财,非恶货也;无余命,非恶寿也。令发之日,士卒坐者涕沾襟。偃卧者涕交颐。投之无所往者,诸、刿之勇也。
 
  故善用兵者,譬如率然;率然者,常山之蛇也。击其首则尾至,击其尾则首至,击其中则首尾俱至。敢问:“兵可使如率然乎?”曰:“可。”夫吴人与越人相恶也,当其同舟而济,遇风,其相救也如左右手。是故方马埋轮,未足恃也;齐勇若一,政之道也;刚柔皆得,地之理也。故善用兵者,携手若使一人,不得已也。
 
  将军之事:静以幽,正以治。能愚士卒之耳目,使之无知。易其事,革其谋,使人无识;易其居,迂其途,使人不得虑。帅与之期,如登高而去其梯;帅与之深入诸侯之地,而发其机,焚舟破釜,若驱群羊,驱而往,驱而来,莫知所之。聚三军之众,投之于险,此谓将军之事也。九地之变,屈伸之利,人情之理,不可不察。
 
  凡为客之道:深则专,浅则散。去国越境而师者,绝地也;四达者,衢地也;入深者,重地也;入浅者,轻地也;背固前隘者,围地也;无所往者,死地也。
 
  是故散地,吾将一其志;轻地,吾将使之属;争地,吾将趋其后;交地,吾将谨其守;衢地,吾将固其结;重地,吾将继其食;圮地,吾将进其涂;围地,“吾将塞其阙;死地,吾将示之以不活。
 
  故兵之情,围则御,不得已则斗,过则从。是故不知诸侯之谋者,不能预交;不知山林、险阻、沮泽之形者,不能行军;不用乡导者,不能得地利。四五者,不知一,非霸王之兵也。夫霸王之兵,伐大国,则其众不得聚;威加于敌,则其交不得合。是故不争天下之交,不养天下之权,信己之私,威加于敌,故其城可拔,其国可隳。施无法之赏,悬无政之令,犯三军之众,若使一人。犯之以事,勿告以言;犯之以利,勿告以害。
 
  投之亡地然后存,陷之死地然后生。夫众陷于害,然后能为胜败。
 
  故为兵之事,在于顺详敌之意,并敌一向,千里杀将,此谓巧能成事者也。
 
  是故政举之日,夷关折符,无通其使;厉于廊庙之上,以诛其事。敌人开阖,必亟入之。先其所爱,微与之期。践墨随敌,以决战事。是故始如处女,敌人开户,后如脱兔,敌不及拒。

  • New Sinology Title:
    9 ground piece strategics of eleventh _ grandchildren

    New Sinology Chapter:
    9 ground piece eleventh

    New Sinology BookName:
    Grandchildren strategics

    New Sinology Catalog:
    Classics department

    New Sinology Content:

    Grandchildren says: The law of resort to arms, have medicinal powder the ground, have small land, have contend for the ground, have make the land, have thoroughfare the ground, have important place, have collapsing land, have exclosure, have a fatal position. Vassal from battle its ground, to come loose the ground. The ground that enters a person is not deep person, for small land. I get a benefit, the person that those gets Yi Li, to contend for the ground. I can be gone to, those is OK arrival, to make the land. Vassal ground 3 belong to, what come first and get the world is numerous person, to thoroughfare the ground. The ground that enters a person is deep, city back a city is much person, attach most importance to the ground. Travel mountain forest, dangerous and difficult road, stop lustre, the person that every goes hard, it is collapsing ground. By narrow pass of the person that enter, from circuitous of the person that return, what those few can attack me is numerous person, for exclosure. Disease battle is put, not the person that disease battle dies, for the deathtrap. Hereat comes loose the ground does not have battle, do not have gently stop, contend for the ground to be not had attack, hand in the ground to be not had absolutely, thoroughfare the ground closes hand in, important place is swept past, go collapsingly, exclosure is sought, deathtrap criterion battle.

     
    Resort to arms of alleged Gu Zhishan person, can make enemy around is not reached, numerous few not photograph depend on, gentle and simple is not saved, do not close up and down, soldier leaves and not collect, arms close and not neat. Close to be moved at benefit, disagreement stops at benefit. Dare ask: "Enemy numerous rectify and will come, wait for if why? " say: "Seize its place love first, listen. Listen..
     
    The affection of arms advocate fast, those who take a person not as good as, by self-righting path, attack its place not Buddhist monastic discipline also.
     
    Every is the guest's path: Development criterion only, master cannot; Sweep past Yu Raoye, the army is sufficient feed; Be raised sincerely and not fatigue, angry accumulate power, carry arms scheme, to cannot be measured. Cast go to without place, dead and not north, dead Yan is not gotten, person person endeavors. Soldier very defect criterion not dread, go to without place originally. Development criterion arrest, fight act against one's will. Its arms does not repair hereat and Buddhist monastic discipline, be not begged and get, be not made an appointment with and kiss, do not make and believe, ban auspicious go doubt, do not have place to death. I person without more than money, be not evil goods also; Without more than life, be not evil birthday also. The day of your hair, tears of the person that soldiers sits touchs front of a garment. Tears of the person that cease lies hands in cheek. The person be gone to without place that cast, all, the brave of cut also.
     
    Resort to arms of reason be apt to person, for example is led like that; Lead like that person, the snake of the root of antipyretic dichroa also. Attack its first end comes, attack its end criterion head to, attack among them criterion all of from beginning to end comes. Dare ask: "Arms can if lead,you make like that? " say: "But. " husband Wu Ren is as evil as the photograph that jump over a person also, be the same as a boat when its and aid, encounter wind, its are saved also be like valuable assistant. Hereat square horse is buried annulus, not sufficient depend on also; Neat Yong Reyi, politics path also; Firm soft all get, the manage of the ground also. Resort to arms of reason be apt to person, hand in hand if make one person, act against one's will also.
     
    The general's thing: Static with deep and remote, in order to treat. Can the information of I privates, those who make is ignorant. Easy its thing, its seek change, make the person is not had knowledge; Yi Jiju, circuitous its road, make the person does not get Lv. Handsome to it period, be like uprise and go its ladder; Handsome to it thorough and vassal ground, and send its plane, burn a boat to defeat boiler, be like drive group sheep, drive and toward, drive and come, not know place. Get together of the army numerous, cast at danger, this calls the general's thing also. Of 9 ground change, bend extended benefit, the manage of favor, cannot not examine.
     
    Every is the guest's path: Deep criterion only, shallow come loose. Go country cross the boundary illegally and master person, absolutely also; The 4 person that amount to, thoroughfare the ground also; Enter deep person, important place also; Enter shallow person, gently also; The person that carry the narrow pass before solid on the back, exclosure also; Without the person that be gone to, deathtrap also.
     
    Hereat comes loose the ground, I one its annals; Gently, I belongs to those who make; Contend for the ground, I hasten ever since; Make the land, I will sincerely its are defended; Thoroughfare the ground, I will originally its written guarantee; Important place, I afterwards its are fed; Collapsingly, I will besmear into its; Exclosure, "I will fill in its fault; Deathtrap, I will show with living.
     
    The affection of reason arms, surround a drive, fight act against one's will, over- criterion from. Hereat does not know the vassal person that seek, cannot hand in beforehand; Do not know mountain forest, dangerous and difficult road, stop lustre form person, cannot march; Need not induct person, cannot get favourable geographical position. 45 person, do not know one, the arms that is not Xiang Yu the Conqueror also. The arms of husband Xiang Yu the Conqueror, strike big country, criterion its are numerous must not get together; Power add at enemy, criterion its are handed in must not close. Hereat does not contend for the world hand in, do not raise the advantageous position of the world, believe personal illicit, power add at enemy, reason its city can unplug, its country but destroy. Apply cannot admire, dangerous without politics your, those who make the army is numerous, if make one person. Make with the thing, do not accuse with character; Make with benefit, do not accuse in order to kill.
     
    Cast die the ground is put next, the deathtrap of defect is born next. Husband numerous sink is killed, can be victory and defeat next.
     
    Reason is the thing of arms, depend on arranging the meaning of detailed enemy, and enemy all along, a thousand li is killed will, this calls artful can accomplish sth person also.
     
    The day that hereat politics starts, exterminate closes change symbol, without connect its to make; Over temple of severe Yu Lang, in order to put to death its thing. The enemy leaves entire, repeatedly surely. First its are loved, small to it period. Carry out Chinese ink is followed enemy, with decisive battle thing. Hereat only then be like maiden, the enemy opens an account, hare is like after, enemy not as good as refus.
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