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困誓_孔子家语

章节: 困誓
书名: 孔子家语
类目: 子部
原作者:
朝代:
写作年代: 约公元前103年  至  公元后872年
视频: 困誓_孔子家语
音频: 困誓_孔子家语
新国学:
  子貢問於孔子曰:「賜倦於學,困於道矣,願息於事君,可乎?」孔子曰:「詩云:『溫恭朝夕,執事有恪.』事君之難也,焉可息哉!」曰:「然則賜願息而事親.」孔子曰:「詩云:『孝子不匱,永錫爾類.』事親之難也,焉可以息哉!」曰:「然賜請願息於妻子.」孔子曰:「詩云:『刑于寡妻,至于兄弟,以御于家邦.』妻子之難也,焉可以息哉!」曰:「然賜願息於朋友.」孔子曰:「詩云:『朋友攸攝,攝以威儀.』朋友之難也,焉可以息哉!」曰:「然則賜願息於耕矣.」孔子曰:「詩云:『晝爾于茅,宵爾索綯,亟其乘屋,其始播百穀.』耕之難也,焉可以息哉!」曰:「然則賜將無所息者也.」孔子曰:「有焉,自望其廣,則睪如也,視其高,則填如也,察其從,則隔如也,此其所以息也矣.」子貢曰:「大哉乎死也!君子息焉,小人休焉,大哉乎死也!」

 
  孔子自衛將入晉,至河,聞趙簡子殺竇,犨鳴犢,及舜華,乃臨河而歎曰:「美哉水,洋洋乎,丘之不濟,此命也夫.」子貢趍而進曰:「敢問何謂也?」孔子曰:「竇犨鳴犢,舜華,晉之賢大夫也,趙簡子未得志之時,須此二人而後從政,及其已得志也,而殺之.丘聞之刳胎殺夭,則麒麟不至其郊;竭澤而漁,則蛟龍不處其淵;覆巢破卵,則凰凰不翔其邑,何則?君子違傷其類者也.鳥獸之於不義,尚知避之,況於人乎.」遂還息於鄒,作槃琴以哀之?
 
  子路問於孔子曰:「有人於此,夙興夜寐,耕芸樹藝,手足胼胝,以養其親,然而名不稱孝,何也?」孔子曰:「意者身不敬與,辭不順與,色不悅與.古之人有言曰,人與己與不汝欺,今盡力養親而無三者之闕,何謂無孝之名乎.」孔子曰:「由,汝志之,吾語汝,雖有國士之力,而不能自舉其身,非力之少,勢不可矣.夫內行不修,身之罪也,行修而名不彰,友之罪也,行修而名自立.故君子入則篤行,出則交賢,何謂無孝名乎.」
 
  孔子遭厄於陳蔡之間,絕糧七日,弟子餒病,孔子絃歌.子路入見曰:「夫子之歌,禮乎?」孔子弗應,曲終而曰:「由來,吾語汝,君子好樂,為無驕也,小人好樂,為無懾也,其誰之子,不我知而從我者乎?」子路悅,援戚而舞,三終而出,明日免於厄.子貢執轡曰:「二三子從夫子而遭此難也,其弗忘矣.」孔子曰:「善,惡何也?夫陳蔡之間,丘之幸也,二三子從丘者,皆幸也.吾聞之,君不困不成王,烈士不困行不彰,庸知其非激憤厲志之始,於是乎在?」
 
  孔子之宋,匡人簡子以甲士圍之.子路怒,奮戟將與戰.孔子止之曰:「惡有修仁義而不免世俗之惡者乎?夫詩書之不講,禮樂之不習,是丘之過也,若以述先王,好古法而為咎者,則非丘之罪也.命之夫.歌,予和汝.」子路彈琴而歌,孔子和之,曲三終,匡人解甲而罷.孔子曰:「不觀高崖,何以知顛墜之患;不臨深泉,何以知沒溺之患;不觀巨海,何以知風波之患,失之者其在此乎?士慎此三者,則無累於身矣.」
 
  子貢問於孔子曰:「賜既為人下矣,而未知為人下之道,敢問之.」子曰:「為人下者,其猶土乎.汨之之深則出泉,樹其壤則百穀滋焉,草木植焉,禽獸育焉,生則出焉,死則入焉,多其功而不意,<弓几>其志而無不容,為人下者以此也.」
 
  孔子適鄭,與弟子相失,獨立東郭門外.或人謂子貢曰:「東門外有一人焉,其長九尺有六寸,河目隆顙,其頭似堯,其頸似皋繇,其肩似子產,然自腰已下,不及禹者三寸,纍然如喪家之狗.」子貢以告,孔子欣然而歎曰:「形狀永也,如喪家之狗,然乎哉!然乎哉!」
 
  孔子適衛,路出于蒲,會公叔氏以蒲叛衛而止之.孔子弟子有公良儒者,為人賢長有勇力,以私車五乘從夫子行,喟然曰:「昔吾從夫子遇難于匡,又伐樹於宋,今遇困於此,命也夫,與其見夫子仍遇於難,寧我鬥死.」挺劍而合眾,將與之戰.蒲人懼,曰:「苟無適衛,吾則出子以盟.」孔子而出之東門,孔子遂適衛.子貢曰:「盟可負乎?」孔子曰:「要我以盟,非義也.」衛侯聞孔子之來,喜而於郊迎之.問伐蒲,對曰:「可哉?」公曰:「吾大夫以為蒲者,衛之所以恃晉楚也,伐之,無乃不可乎?」孔子曰:「其男子有死之志,吾之所伐者,不過四五人矣.」公曰:「善!卒不果伐.」他日,靈公又與夫子語,見飛鴈過而仰視之,色不悅.孔子乃逝.衛蘧伯玉賢而靈公不用,彌子瑕不肖反任之,史魚驟諫而不從,史魚病將卒,命其子曰:「吾在衛朝不能進蘧伯玉,退彌子瑕,是吾為臣不能正君也,生而不能正君,則死無以成禮,我死,汝置屍牖下,於我畢矣.」其子從之.靈公弔焉,怪而問焉,其子以其父言告公,公愕然失容曰:「是寡人之過也.」於是命之殯於客位.進蘧伯玉而用之,退彌子瑕而遠之.孔子聞之曰:「古之列諫之者,死則已矣,未有若史魚死而屍諫,忠感其君者也,不可謂直乎.」

  • New Sinology Title:
    Surround sign of home of oath _ Confucius

    New Sinology Chapter:
    Strand oath

    New Sinology BookName:
    Confucius home language

    New Sinology Catalog:
    Child ministry

    New Sinology Content:

    Child Zuo Wu Kongzi says: " Zuo tired at , tired Wu Dao, Zuo breath Wu Shijun, can? " Confucius says: " Yu cloud: " respectful a very short time, thing has scrupulously and respectfully. " the Zuo of thing gentleman also, yan Ke ceases! " say: " like that Zuo Zuo ceases and thing Yin . " Confucius says: " Yu cloud: "Dutiful son not , always Zuo Zuo . " the Zuo of thing Yin also, yan can cease! " say: " like that Zuo Zha Zuo ceases at the wife. " Confucius says: " Yu cloud: "Punishment at few wife, as to brother, with drive Yu Jiabang. " the Zuo of the wife also, yan can cease! " say: " like that Wu Peng of Zuo Zuo breath is friendly. " Confucius says: " Yu cloud: "Friend remote , with power . " the friend's Zuo also, yan can cease! " say: " like that Wu Geng of breath of Zuo Zuo . " Confucius says: " Yu cloud: " Yu Mao, Jin of night all alone, earnestly its take room, its only then sow 100 Er . " agrarian Zuo also, yan can cease! " say: " like that the person that place of of Zuo ceases also. " Confucius says: " have Yan, look at its oneself, Bing if also, Yao its are tall, be like, is filled also, examine its , be like, is lain between also, this its cease so also. " child Zuo says: " big dead also! Gentleman breath Yan, lilliputian rests Yan, big dead also! "

     
    Confucius enters from Xiao , to the river, Long Zuo Ha child Fu , Zuo , reach Shun Qu , be Ning river and says: " beautiful water, complacently, qiu Zhi not , this life also husband. " child Zuo Zuo and Zuo says: " dare why Zheng also? " Confucius says: " of Fu Zuo , shun Qu , dr Zuo of also, Zuo Ha child not the of achieve one's ambition, Zuo this 2 people and after politics, reach its already achieve one's ambition also, and of . The hollowing embryo of grave Long tenders, kylin does not come its outskirt; Exhaust and , Zuo of flood dragon not Ta its ; Fu mew breaks egg, feng4huang2 feng4huang2 not circle in the air its city, why ? Its Zuo of gentleman Zuo person also. Of Zuo at not Li , still know to avoid, Wu Ren. " the breath that satisfy Zuo at Zuo , the musical instrument that make with sad?
     
    Child road Wu Kongzi says: " somebody at this, night of Ning of early in the morning sleeps, Shu of agrarian Yun , brothers callus, with Zuo its Yin , however renown not Er filial piety, he Ye? " Confucius says: " meaning person the body is irreverent Ning , Zuo not Zuo Ning , color not Ning . Ancient person has Yan Yue, person Ning oneself Ning not your bully, today Yin of Bao force Zuo and 3 person Zuo , why the name of Zheng filial piety. " Confucius says: " by, ru Zhizhi, my Zha you, Zuo has the power of person, and cannot from Ning its body, those who be not force is little, cannot. Husband is not repaired all right, the blame of the body also, be repaired all right and renown not clear, friendly blame also, be repaired all right and the name is free-standing. Reason gentleman goes into Ha , give to hand in Zuo , why name of Zheng filial piety. "
     
    Confucius strategics point the Zuo at Zuo Cai, Jian Ji 7 days, child Zuo is ill, confucius Jian song. Child the way says into Yao : " the master's song, Die ? " Confucius nots , music Jian and say: " by , my Zha you, gentleman good , Zuo also, lilliputian good , also, of its Zha child, not I know and I person? " child road , aid relative and dance, 3 Jian and piece, tomorrow is avoided at be stranded. Child Zuo Zuo says: " 23 child master and meet with this Zuo also, its not forget. " Confucius says: " be apt to, He Ye? Zuo of husband Zuo Cai Zhi, qiu Zhixing also, 23 child grave person, all I hope also. Of my Long , gentleman won'ts do not tiredly king, martyr goes not tiredly not clear, commonplace knows his to be not annals of the that stimulate only then, at be in? "
     
    The Song Dynasty of Confucius, kuang Ren Ha child with armour of person . Child road anger, of Ning of halberd . Confucius stops say: " has Xiu Ren Li and unavoidable and lay person? Of husband Yu not Zheng , of Die not Li , the Zuo that is grave also, if in order to narrate first king, very ancient magic art and blame person, the blame of blame grave also. The husband of the life. Song, grant and you. " child road musical instrument and song, confucius mixes, music 3 Jian , kuang Ren solves armour and Li . Confucius says: " not Yin Gao Ya, why know Zuo suffer from; Not Ning late spring, why to know those who do not have be addicted to to suffer from; Not Yin gigantic sea, why know Zuo wave suffer from, break person its here? Person careful this 3 person, is tired at the body. "
     
    Child Zuo Wu Kongzi says: " Zuo already person falls, and the path below sealed person, dare of . " child say: " the person that person falls, its earth. The deep of Mi gives a spring, 100 Er of of its soil grow Yan, wood establish Yan, yan of birds Yo, unripe gives Yan, dead enters Yan, many its result and unexpectedly, < bend its annals of a few > and nots allow, the person that person falls with this also. "
     
    Confucius Zuo Zuo , Ning child photograph is broken, establishs Guo Zuo outside. Or person Zheng child Zuo says: " there is one person Yan outside Zuo , 9 feet of its Zuo have 6 inches, Zuo of river eye grand, its Zuo is like , its Zuo is like Gao You, its shoulder is like child , already fell from the waist like that, not as good as the reputed founder of the Ix Dynasty person 3 inches, Kui is like the dog of Home like that. " child Zuo in order to accuse, confucius joyfullies and says: " form always also, be like the dog of Home , like that! Like that! "
     
    Confucius Zuo Xiao , the road stems from cattail, Gong Shushi stops with cattail betray Xiao . The person that Confucius child has Gong Liangru, Zuo of person Zuo has brave power, with illicit Zuo the 5 masters that multiply go, sigh says like that: " master of Xi Wu encounters Zuo Yu Kuang, wu Song of cut down , encounter today tired at this, life also husband, master of Ning its Yao still is encountered at Zuo , my Zuo is dead. " hold out and add up to Bao , the of Ning . Pu Ren , say: " Xiao of careless Zuo , my go out child with alliance. " Confucius and the Zuo that go out, confucius satisfies Zuo Xiao . Child Zuo says: " alliance but Zuo ? " Confucius says: " want me with alliance, blame Li also. " the of Confucius of Xiao Hou Long , be fond of and greet at outskirt. Cattail of cut down, says: " but? " fair say: " my doctors with Pu Zhe, Xiao Hunan of depend on also, of cut down, is cannot? " Confucius says: " the keep in mind that its man has dead, my place cut down person, not 45 people of Zuo . " fair say: " be apt to! Soldier not fruit cut down. " the other day, Zuo is fair Ning master Zha , Zuo of Yao Zuo Zuo and admire Yao , color not . Confucius dies therefore. Zuo of Xiao Qu Bai Yu and Zuo is fair need not, child defect is unworthy turn over Ren Zhi, Zheng of history Zuo Zuo and not , soldier of history Zuo ill , life its child say: " I is in Xiao face cannot Zuo Qu Baiyu, retreat child defect, it is my official cannot gentleman also, unripe and cannot gentleman, dead in order to become Die , I am dead, your buy windows below, at me . " its child of . Yan of Zuo fair , strange and Yan, its child with its father character is accused fair, fair astounded breaks a look to say: " the Zuo that is the sovereign also. " at the Wu Ke that is a life. Zuo Qu Baiyu and use, retreat child defect and of Zuo . Of Confucius Long say: " of ancient row Zheng person, dead already, have no be like history Zuo to die and Zheng , faithful feeling its gentleman person also, cannot Zheng is straight. "
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