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贤君_孔子家语

章节: 贤君
书名: 孔子家语
类目: 子部
原作者:
朝代:
写作年代: 约公元前-1年  至  公元后993年
视频: 贤君_孔子家语
音频: 贤君_孔子家语
新国学:
  哀公問於孔子曰:「當今之君,孰為最賢?」孔子對曰:「丘未之見也,抑有衛靈公乎?」公曰:「吾聞其閨門之內無別,而子次之賢,何也?」孔子曰:「臣語其朝廷行事,不論其私家之際也.」公曰:「其事何如?」孔子對曰:「靈公之弟曰,靈公弟子渠牟,其智足以治千乘,其信足以守之,靈公愛而任之.又有士林國者,見賢必進之,而退與分其祿,是以靈公無遊放之士,靈公賢而尊之.又有士曰慶足者,衛國有大事則必起而治之,國無事則退而容賢,靈公悅而敬之.又有大夫史?,以道去衛,而靈公郊舍三日,琴瑟不御,必待史?之入,而後敢入.臣以此取之,雖次之賢,不亦可乎.」
 
  子貢問於孔子曰:「今之人臣,孰為賢?」子曰:「吾未識也,徃者齊有鮑叔,鄭有子皮,則賢者矣.」子貢曰:「齊無管仲,鄭無子產.」子曰:「賜,汝徒知其一,未知其二也.汝聞用力為賢乎?進賢為賢乎?」子貢曰:「進賢賢哉.」子曰:「然,吾聞鮑叔達管仲,子皮達子產,未聞二子之達賢己之才者也.」
 
  哀公問於孔子曰:「寡人聞忘之甚者,徙而忘其妻,有諸?」孔子對曰:「此猶未甚者也.甚者乃忘其身.」公曰:「可得而聞乎?」孔子曰:「昔者夏桀,貴為天子,富有四海,忘其聖祖之道,壞其典法,廢其世祀,荒於淫樂,耽湎於酒,佞臣諂諛,窺導其心,忠士折口,逃罪不言,天下誅桀.而有其國,此謂忘其身之甚矣.」
 
  顏淵將西遊於宋,問於孔子曰:「何以為身?」子曰:「恭敬忠信而已矣.恭則遠於患,敬則人愛之,忠則和於眾,信則人任之,勤斯四者,可以政國,豈特一身者哉.故夫不比於數,而比於踈,不亦遠乎;不修其中,而修外者,不亦反乎;慮不先定,臨事而謀,不亦晚乎.」
 
  孔子讀詩于正月六章,惕焉如懼,曰:「彼不達之君子,豈不殆哉.從上依世則道廢,違上離俗則身危,時不興善,己獨由之,則曰非妖即妄也.故賢也既不遇天,恐不終其命焉,桀殺龍逢,紂殺比干,皆類是也.詩曰:『謂天蓋高,不敢不局,謂地蓋厚,不敢不蹐.』此言上下畏罪,無所自容也.」
 
  子路問於孔子曰:「賢君治國,所先者何?」孔子曰:「在於尊賢而賤不肖.」子路曰:「由聞晉中行氏尊賢而賤不肖矣,其亡何也?」孔子曰:「中行氏尊賢而不能用,賤不肖而不能去,賢者知其不用而怨之,不肖者知其必己賤而讎之,怨讎並存於國,鄰敵構兵於郊,中行氏雖欲無亡,豈可得乎.」
 
  孔子閒處,喟然而歎曰:「嚮使銅鞮伯華無死,則天下其有定矣.」子路曰:「由願聞其人也.」子曰:「其幼也敏而好學,其壯也有勇而不屈,其老也有道而能下人,有此三者,以定天下也,何難乎哉!」子路曰:「幼而好學,壯而有勇,則可也.若夫有道下人,又誰下哉?」子曰:「由不知,吾聞以眾攻寡,無不克也,以貴下賤,無不得也.昔者周公居冢宰之尊,制天下之政,而猶下白屋之士,日見百七十人,斯豈以無道也,欲得士之用也.惡有道而無下天下君子哉?」
 
  齊景公來適魯,舍于公館,使晏嬰迎孔子,孔子至,景公問政焉.孔子答曰:「政在節財.」公悅,又問曰:「秦穆公國小處僻而霸,何也?」孔子曰:「其國雖小其志大,處雖僻而政其中,其舉也果,其謀也和,法無私而令不愉,首拔五羖,爵之大夫,與語三日而授之以政,此取之雖王可,其霸少矣.」景公曰:「善哉.」
 
  哀公問政於孔子.孔子對曰:「政之急者,莫大乎使民富且壽也.」公曰:「為之奈何?」孔子曰:「省力役,薄賦斂,則民富矣;敦禮教,遠罪疾,則民壽矣.」公曰:「寡人欲行夫子之言,恐吾國貧矣.」孔子曰:「詩云:『愷悌君子,民之父母.』未有子富而父母貧者也.」
 
  衛靈公問於孔子曰:「有語寡人有國家者,計之於廟堂之上,則政治矣,何如?」孔子曰:「其可也,愛人者則人愛之,惡人者則人惡之,知得之己者則知得之,人所謂不出環堵之室而知天下者,知反己之謂也.」
 
  孔子見宋君,君問孔子曰:「吾欲使長有國,而列都得之,吾欲使民無惑,吾欲使士竭力,吾欲使日月當時,吾欲使聖人自來,吾欲使官府治理,為之奈何?」孔子對曰:「千乘之君,問丘者多矣,而未有若主君之問,問之悉也.然主君所欲者,盡可得也.丘聞之,鄰國相親,則長有國;君惠臣忠,則列都得之;不殺無辜,無釋罪人,則民不惑;士益之祿,則皆竭力;尊天敬鬼,則日月當時;崇道貴德,則聖人自來;任能黜否,則官府治理.」宋君曰:「善哉!豈不然乎!寡人不佞,不足以致之也.」孔子曰:「此事非難,唯欲行之云耳.」

  • New Sinology Title:
    Virtuous gentleman language of _ Confucius home

    New Sinology Chapter:
    Virtuous gentleman

    New Sinology BookName:
    Confucius home language

    New Sinology Catalog:
    Child ministry

    New Sinology Content:

    Sad fair Wu Kongzi says: " today gentleman, what most Zuo ? " Confucius says: " Qiu Weizhi Yao also, does curb have Xiao Zuo fair? " fair say: " the of Zuo of my Long its Zuo , and child Zuo of take second place, he Ye? " Confucius says: " act of official Zha its imperial court, not the Zuo of home of Zha its illicit also. " fair say: " its thing how about? " Confucius says: " Zuo Gong Zhidi says, Zuo is fair child canal is sought, its wisdom enough is treated 1000 by, its believe enough to defend, Zuo fair and Ren Zhi. Have again person forest person, Yao Zuo needs of Zuo , and retreat Ning to divide its Dai , be with Zuo fair Zuo puts person, Zuo fair Zuo and honour. Have again person say is sufficient person, Xiao has what important matter rises surely and treat, of thing is retreated and allow Zuo , Zuo fair and Jing Zhi. Have doctor history again? , go in order to Xiao , and Zuo fair outskirt abandons 3 days, musical instrument a twenty-five-stringed plucked instrument not drive, wait for surely history? into, and after dare be entered. I take with this, Zuo of Zuo take second place, not Yi Ke. "
     
    Child Zuo Wu Kongzi says: " today person official, what Zuo ? " child say: " I not Zhu also, person Zuo has Zuo father's younger brother, Zuo has child skin, Zuo person. " child Zuo says: " Zuo Guan Zhong, Zuo child . " child say: " Zuo , ru Tuzhi firstly, sealed secondly also. Does your Long exert oneself to do sth. Zuo ? Zuo of Zuo Zuo ? " child Zuo says: " Zuo Zuo Zuo . " child say: " like that, Zuo of father's younger brother of my Long Zuo runs second, child leather Zuo child , not Long 2 child Zuo Zuo personal ability person also. "
     
    Sad fair Wu Kongzi says: " the sovereign Long forgets very person, move from one place to another and forget its wife, is there Zheng ? " Confucius says: " this not very person also. Very person forget its body therefore. " fair say: " can be you gotten and Long ? " Confucius says: " former times Zhe Xiajie, Zuo the emperor, be full of the four seas, forget its Long Zu Zhidao, law of its law, its world is offerred sacrifices to, barren at excessive , delay Mian at wine, Zha of Zha of official of given to flattery, Fu its heart, faithful person fold a mouth, escape blame not character, the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty of the world Zha . And have its , this Zheng forgets its body very. "
     
    Zuo on the west Zuo Wu Song, Wu Kongzi says: " why body? " child say: " deferential faithful letter just. Respectful Zuo at suffer from, of of the person that respect , faithful and at Bao , the person that believe holds the post of, diligent this 4 person, can politics , Zuo spy a suit person. Reason husband unlike at , and than at Zuo , not also Zuo ; Do not repair among them, and outside repairing person, also be not turned over; is not decided first, Ning thing and Zheng , not Yi Wan. "
     
    Confucius Zhu Yu at the first month of the lunar year 6 chapters, watchful Yan is like , say: " those not the gentleman of Zuo , Zuo does not danger. of world path is depended on on , body of of common of the Zuo on Zuo highs, not Ning be apt to, personal by, says blame bewitching namely absurd also. Reason Zuo also both neither meets a day, fear not Yan of Jian its life, Zuo of of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty meets, Ji is compared dry, all Zuo is also. Yu says: " Zheng day San is tall, not dare not bureau, Zheng ground San is thick, not dare not Zuo . " dread punishment for one's crime of this character fluctuation, place is allowed oneself also. "
     
    Child road Wu Kongzi says: " of Zuo Jun Zhi, first person why? " Confucius says: " in Wu Zun Zuo Zuo is unworthy. " child the way says: " by Long Zuo of family name honour goes in and Zuo is unworthy, do its die He Ye? " Confucius says: " medium a Zuo of family name honour and cannot use, Zuo unworthies and cannot go, Zuo person know its need not and complain, the person that unworthy knows his to need personal Zuo and of Zhu , enmity Zhu is put at , bing Wujiao of Zuo , the family name goes in Zuo desire dies, Zuo can be gotten. "
     
    Confucius Zuo Ta , sigh however says: " makes of Zuo Zuo uncle Qu dead, its have the world decide. " child the way says: " by Zuo Long its person also. " child say: " its young also quick and good , its also has brave and castiron, its also often have and can servent, have this 3 person, in order to decide the world also, why Zuo ! " child the way says: " young and good , and have brave, but also. If the husband has a servent, does Zha fall? " child say: " by do not know, my Long attack few with Bao , cannot also, issue Zuo with Zuo , is not gotten also. Former times person Zhou Gong resides grave Zai Zhizun, those who make the world politics, and of the Bai Wu below person, 170 people of day Yao , this Zuo with also, be about to get person with also. Does has and play the world a man of noble character? "
     
    Zuo of Zuo of Zuo scene fair , abandon at fair Zuo , make comfort greets Confucius, confucius comes, politics Yan of scene fair . Confucius answers: " politics in Geng Zuo . " fair , says: " out-of-the-way of small Ta of Qin Mu fair and bully, he Ye? " Confucius says: " its Zuo is small its mark is big, Ta Zuo out-of-the-way and politics among them, its Ning also if really, its Zheng also is mixed, law illicit and your not cheerful, head unplug 5 Li , the doctor of the rank of nobility, Ning Zha 3 days and those who award with politics, the Zuo Wang Ke that this takes, its bully little. " view is general say: " be apt to. "
     
    Sad make public politics Wu Kongzi. Confucius says: " politics urgent person, greatest make civilian rich and also. " fair say: " the how of ? " Confucius says: " save labour battle, thin Zuo , civilian is rich; Honest Die teachs, Zuo pain suffering, civilian . " fair say: " the character of master of travel of the sovereign desire, fear my Zuo . " Confucius says: " Yu cloud: " gentleman loving and respect for one's elder brother, civilian parents. " have no child rich and parental Zuo person also. "
     
    Wu Kongzi of Xiao Zuo fair says: " the person that the sovereign having Zha has Home , of Yin at hall over, politics, how about? " Confucius says: " its but also, person person of person , person person of person , of the person that know gotten oneself knows, the room that person place Zheng does not give to block up and the person that tell the world, know to turn over personal Zheng also. "
     
    Confucius Yao Song Jun, gentleman Confucius says: " I is about to make Zuo has , and of Liedoude, I is about to make civilian be puzzled, I is about to make person do one's utmost, I is about to make life , I is about to make Long person from , I is about to make feudal official is administered, the how of ? " Confucius says: " the 1000 gentleman that multiply, grave person much, and if,have no advocate Jun Zhi , all of also. Like that advocate gentleman place desire person, Bao can be gotten also. Of grave Long , Yin of Zuo photograph, Zuo has ; Jun Huichen faithful, lists what get; Not crime, Zuo malefactor, civilian not be puzzled; The Dai of person beneficial, all does his utmost; Honour day respects ghost, of life ; Esteem Zuo heart, Long person from ; Allow to be able to remove from office deny, feudal official is administered. " Song Jun says: " be apt to! Zuo otherwise! The sovereign not given to flattery, of insufficient as a result also. " Confucius says: " this matter is not Zuo , the Yun Er that is about to go only. "
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