修身篇第二_荀子
见善,修然必以自存也;见不善,愀然必以自省也。善在身,介然必以自好也;不善在身,菑然必以自恶也。故非我而当者,吾师也;是我而当者,吾友也;谄谀我者,吾贼也。故君子隆师而亲友,以致恶其贼。好善无厌,受谏而能诫,虽欲无进,得乎哉!小人反是:致乱而恶人之非己也;致不肖而欲人之贤己也;心如虎狼,行如禽兽,而又恶人之贼己也。谄谀者亲,谏争者疏,修正为笑,至忠为贼,虽欲无灭亡,得乎哉!诗曰:“嗡嗡呰呰,亦孔之哀。谋之其臧,则具是违;谋之不臧,则具是依。”此之谓也。
扁善之度--以治气养生,则后彭祖;以修身自名,则配尧禹。宜于时通,利以处穷,礼信是也。凡用血气、志意、知虑,由礼则治通,不由礼则勃乱提僈;食饮,衣服、居处、动静,由礼则和节,不由礼则触陷生疾;容貌、态度、进退、趋行,由礼则雅,不由礼则夷固、僻违、庸众而野。故人无礼则不生,事无礼则不成,国家无礼则不宁。诗曰:“礼仪卒度,笑语卒获。”此之谓也。
以善先人者谓之教,以善和人者谓之顺;以不善先人者谓之谄,以不善和人者谓之谀。是是非非谓之知,非是是非谓之愚。伤良曰谗,害良曰贼。是谓是,非谓非曰直。窃货曰盗,匿行曰诈,易言曰诞。趣舍无定谓之无常。保利弃义谓之至贼。多闻曰博,少闻曰浅。多见曰闲,少见曰陋。难进曰偍,易忘曰漏。少而理曰治,多而乱曰秏。
治气养心之术:血气刚强,则柔之以调和;知虑渐深,则一之以易良;勇胆猛戾,则辅之以道顺;齐给便利,则节之以动止;狭隘褊小,则廓之以广大;卑湿重迟贪利,则抗之以高志;庸众驽散,则劫之以师友;怠慢僄弃,则照之以祸灾;愚款端悫,则合之以礼乐,通之以思索。凡治气养心之术,莫径由礼,莫要得师,莫神一好。夫是之谓治气养心之术也。
志意修则骄富贵,道义重则轻王公;内省而外物轻矣。传曰:“君子役物,小人役于物。”此之谓矣。身劳而心安,为之;利少而义多,为之;事乱君而通,不如事穷君而顺焉。故良农不为水旱不耕,良贾不为折阅不市,士君子不为贫穷怠乎道。
体恭敬而心忠信,术礼义而情爱人;横行天下,虽困四夷,人莫不贵。劳苦之事则争先,饶乐之事则能让,端悫诚信,拘守而详;横行天下,虽困四夷,人莫不任。体倨固而心埶诈,术顺墨而精杂污;横行天下,虽达四方,人莫不贱。劳苦之事则偷儒转脱,饶乐之事则佞兑而不曲,辟违而不悫,程役而不录:横行天下,虽达四方,人莫不弃。
行而供冀,非渍淖也;行而俯项,非击戾也;偶视而先俯,非恐惧也。然夫士欲独修其身,不以得罪于比俗之人也。
夫骥一日而千里,驽马十驾,则亦及之矣。将以穷无穷,逐无极与?其折骨绝筋,终身不可以相及也。将有所止之,则千里虽远,亦或迟、或速、或先、或后,胡为乎其不可以相及也!不识步道者,将以穷无穷,逐无极与?意亦有所止之与?夫“坚白”、“同异”、“有厚无厚”之察,非不察也,然而君子不辩,止之也。倚魁之行,非不难也,然而君子不行,止之也。故学曰迟。彼止而待我,我行而就之,则亦或迟、或速、或先、或后,胡为乎其不可以同至也!故蹞步而不休,跛鳖千里;累土而不辍,丘山崇成。厌其源,开其渎,江河可竭。一进一退,一左一右,六骥不致。彼人之才性之相县也,岂若跛鳖之与六骥足哉!然而跛鳖致之,六骥不致,是无它故焉,或为之,或不为尔!道虽迩,不行不至;事虽小,不为不成。其为人也多暇日者,其出入不远矣。
好法而行,士也;笃志而体,君子也;齐明而不竭,圣人也。人无法,则伥伥然;有法而无志其义,则渠渠然;依乎法,而又深其类,然后温温然。
礼者、所以正身也,师者、所以正礼也。无礼何以正身?无师吾安知礼之为是也?礼然而然,则是情安礼也;师云而云,则是知若师也。情安礼,知若师,则是圣人也。故非礼,是无法也;非师,是无师也。不是师法,而好自用,譬之是犹以盲辨色,以聋辨声也,舍乱妄无为也。故学也者,礼法也。夫师、以身为正仪,而贵自安者也。诗云:“不识不知,顺帝之则。”此之谓也。
端悫顺弟,则可谓善少者矣;加好学逊敏焉,则有钧无上,可以为君子者矣。偷儒惮事,无廉耻而嗜乎饮食,则可谓恶少者矣;加愓悍而不顺,险贼而不弟焉,则可谓不详少者矣,虽陷刑戮可也。老老而壮者归焉,不穷穷而通者积焉,行乎冥冥而施乎无报,而贤不肖一焉。人有此三行,虽有大过,天其不遂乎!
君子之求利也略,其远害也早,其避辱也惧,其行道理也勇。君子贫穷而志广,富贵而体恭,安燕而血气不惰,劳倦而容貌不枯,怒不过夺,喜不过予。君子贫穷而志广,隆仁也;富贵而体恭,杀埶也;安燕而血气不衰,柬理也;劳倦而容貌不枯,好交也;怒不过夺,喜不过予,是法胜私也。书曰:“无有作好,遵王之道。无有作恶,遵王之路。”此言君子之能以公义胜私欲也。
扁善之度--以治气养生,则后彭祖;以修身自名,则配尧禹。宜于时通,利以处穷,礼信是也。凡用血气、志意、知虑,由礼则治通,不由礼则勃乱提僈;食饮,衣服、居处、动静,由礼则和节,不由礼则触陷生疾;容貌、态度、进退、趋行,由礼则雅,不由礼则夷固、僻违、庸众而野。故人无礼则不生,事无礼则不成,国家无礼则不宁。诗曰:“礼仪卒度,笑语卒获。”此之谓也。
以善先人者谓之教,以善和人者谓之顺;以不善先人者谓之谄,以不善和人者谓之谀。是是非非谓之知,非是是非谓之愚。伤良曰谗,害良曰贼。是谓是,非谓非曰直。窃货曰盗,匿行曰诈,易言曰诞。趣舍无定谓之无常。保利弃义谓之至贼。多闻曰博,少闻曰浅。多见曰闲,少见曰陋。难进曰偍,易忘曰漏。少而理曰治,多而乱曰秏。
治气养心之术:血气刚强,则柔之以调和;知虑渐深,则一之以易良;勇胆猛戾,则辅之以道顺;齐给便利,则节之以动止;狭隘褊小,则廓之以广大;卑湿重迟贪利,则抗之以高志;庸众驽散,则劫之以师友;怠慢僄弃,则照之以祸灾;愚款端悫,则合之以礼乐,通之以思索。凡治气养心之术,莫径由礼,莫要得师,莫神一好。夫是之谓治气养心之术也。
志意修则骄富贵,道义重则轻王公;内省而外物轻矣。传曰:“君子役物,小人役于物。”此之谓矣。身劳而心安,为之;利少而义多,为之;事乱君而通,不如事穷君而顺焉。故良农不为水旱不耕,良贾不为折阅不市,士君子不为贫穷怠乎道。
体恭敬而心忠信,术礼义而情爱人;横行天下,虽困四夷,人莫不贵。劳苦之事则争先,饶乐之事则能让,端悫诚信,拘守而详;横行天下,虽困四夷,人莫不任。体倨固而心埶诈,术顺墨而精杂污;横行天下,虽达四方,人莫不贱。劳苦之事则偷儒转脱,饶乐之事则佞兑而不曲,辟违而不悫,程役而不录:横行天下,虽达四方,人莫不弃。
行而供冀,非渍淖也;行而俯项,非击戾也;偶视而先俯,非恐惧也。然夫士欲独修其身,不以得罪于比俗之人也。
夫骥一日而千里,驽马十驾,则亦及之矣。将以穷无穷,逐无极与?其折骨绝筋,终身不可以相及也。将有所止之,则千里虽远,亦或迟、或速、或先、或后,胡为乎其不可以相及也!不识步道者,将以穷无穷,逐无极与?意亦有所止之与?夫“坚白”、“同异”、“有厚无厚”之察,非不察也,然而君子不辩,止之也。倚魁之行,非不难也,然而君子不行,止之也。故学曰迟。彼止而待我,我行而就之,则亦或迟、或速、或先、或后,胡为乎其不可以同至也!故蹞步而不休,跛鳖千里;累土而不辍,丘山崇成。厌其源,开其渎,江河可竭。一进一退,一左一右,六骥不致。彼人之才性之相县也,岂若跛鳖之与六骥足哉!然而跛鳖致之,六骥不致,是无它故焉,或为之,或不为尔!道虽迩,不行不至;事虽小,不为不成。其为人也多暇日者,其出入不远矣。
好法而行,士也;笃志而体,君子也;齐明而不竭,圣人也。人无法,则伥伥然;有法而无志其义,则渠渠然;依乎法,而又深其类,然后温温然。
礼者、所以正身也,师者、所以正礼也。无礼何以正身?无师吾安知礼之为是也?礼然而然,则是情安礼也;师云而云,则是知若师也。情安礼,知若师,则是圣人也。故非礼,是无法也;非师,是无师也。不是师法,而好自用,譬之是犹以盲辨色,以聋辨声也,舍乱妄无为也。故学也者,礼法也。夫师、以身为正仪,而贵自安者也。诗云:“不识不知,顺帝之则。”此之谓也。
端悫顺弟,则可谓善少者矣;加好学逊敏焉,则有钧无上,可以为君子者矣。偷儒惮事,无廉耻而嗜乎饮食,则可谓恶少者矣;加愓悍而不顺,险贼而不弟焉,则可谓不详少者矣,虽陷刑戮可也。老老而壮者归焉,不穷穷而通者积焉,行乎冥冥而施乎无报,而贤不肖一焉。人有此三行,虽有大过,天其不遂乎!
君子之求利也略,其远害也早,其避辱也惧,其行道理也勇。君子贫穷而志广,富贵而体恭,安燕而血气不惰,劳倦而容貌不枯,怒不过夺,喜不过予。君子贫穷而志广,隆仁也;富贵而体恭,杀埶也;安燕而血气不衰,柬理也;劳倦而容貌不枯,好交也;怒不过夺,喜不过予,是法胜私也。书曰:“无有作好,遵王之道。无有作恶,遵王之路。”此言君子之能以公义胜私欲也。
Cultivate one's morality piece Xun Zi of the 2nd _ New Sinology Chapter: Cultivate one's morality piece the 2nd New Sinology BookName: Xun Zi New Sinology Catalog: Child ministry New Sinology Content: See kind, long need like that with be being put oneself also; See not to be pooh-poohed, sorrowful-looking surely with self-communion also. Be apt to is in personally, interpose needs like that with from good also; Not to be pooh-poohed is in personally, Qia needs like that with from evil also. Reason nonego and the person that become, my division also; It is me and the person that become, I is friendly also; Flatter me person, my thieves also. Division of reason gentleman grand and relatives and friends, as a result is evil its thief. Good kind does not have be disgusted with, suffer expostulate with and can commandment, although be about to have,enter, ! Lilliputian is instead: Cause chaos and the blame of evil person oneself also; Send unworthy and desire virtuous oneself of the person also; The heart is like tiger wolf, be like birds and beasts all right, and the thief of evil person oneself also. Flatter person close, the person that expostulate with is contended for is scanty, amend to laugh, to faithful for the thief, although be about to have ruined, ! The poem says: "Buzzing , yi Kongzhi sad. Seek its good, be being provided is to violate; Those who seek do not good, be being provided is to depend on. " this call also. Of flat be apt to degree - - enrage preserve one's health in order to treat, criterion hind Peng Zu; With cultivate one's morality from the name, match Yao Yu. Appropriate at when, benefit in order to handle end, ceremony letter is also. Every uses idea of courage and uprightness, annals, know Lv, treat by the ceremony, not by the ceremony criterion suddenly chaos carries ; Eat drink, part of the dress, house, activity, mix by the ceremony section, do not touch defect to lay difficulty by the ceremony; Appearance, manner, advance and retreat, hasten goes, by the ceremony elegant, do not smooth by the ceremony solid, out-of-the-way is violated, commonplace is numerous and wild. Old friend is inurbane not unripe, the thing is inurbane won't do, the country is inurbane restless. The poem says: "Formal soldier is spent, laugh at language soldier to obtain. " this call also. With forefathers of be apt to person call religion, with be apt to and person person those who call is suitable; With not good at forefathers person calling flatter, with not to be pooh-poohed and person person calling flatter. It is dispute blame call know, be not is the I that dispute calls. Injury fine says slander, kill fine to say thief. Be calling is, blame call be not straight. Steal goods to say pilfer, conceal says all right cheat, easy Yan Yuedan. The interest is abandoned without what call surely fugacious. Protect benefit to abandon justice call to the thief. Much Wen Yuebo, little Wenyue is shallow. See spare time more, say singularly humble. Enter hard, forget easily to leak. Little and manage to treat, much and say in disorder Die . Treat gas to raise the art of the heart: Courage and uprightness is doughty, soft in order to mediate; Know Lv gradually deep, criterion one with Yi Liang; Brave bravery violent crime, criterion complementary arrange in order to; Give advantage together, criterion of the section stop in order to move; Narrow narrow small, criterion of outline with broad; Low weight in wet base has an insatiable desire for benefit behindhand, fight with Gao Zhi; Commonplace is numerous inferior horse medicinal powder, rob with the teacher and friend; Slight is abandoned, illuminate with disaster calamity; I fund carries Que, what close is happy with the ceremony, connect in order to ponder. Every treats gas to raise the art of the heart, not diameter by the ceremony, not good division, not god one good. The husband is call the method that studies gas to raise a heart also. Annals meaning compiles an arrogant wealth and rank, morality and justice weighs light princes and dukes; Introspective and outside matter is small. Pass: "Gentleman service other people, lilliputian battle at content. " this call. Body service and the heart is installed, do it; Interest is little and justice much, do it; Thing random gentleman and, be inferior to thing poor gentleman and arrange Yan. Reason good people farming do not plough for water drought, fine merchant is not read to fold not city, person gentleman is not poor idle path. Form is respectful and heart faithful letter, art ceremony justice and love person; Infestation the world, although strand 4 exterminate, person there's no one who doesn't or isn't is expensive. Careladen thing criterion try to be the first, rao Le's thing can let, carry Que sincere letter, arrest is defended and detailed; Infestation the world, although strand 4 exterminate, person there's no one who doesn't or isn't holds the post of. Body haughties originally and heart cheat, art arranges Chinese ink and essence of life is miscellaneous corrupt; Infestation the world, although amount to all directions, cheap of person there's no one who doesn't or isn't. Careladen thing is stolen Confucianism turn, rao Le's thing criterion add of given to flattery and not music, monarch is violated and not Que, cheng battle and do not record: Infestation the world, although amount to all directions, Go and offer look forward to, blame be soiled mires also; Go and Fu, blame attack crime also; Be inspected occasionally and first Fu, blame is scared also. Like that husband person is about to build its body alone, not in order to offend the person at comparing common also. The husband as thoroghbred horse one day and a thousand li, inferior horse 10 drive, also reach. Will with end boundless, chase without extremely with? Its break spirit absolutely muscle, lifelong can not reach also. Will stop somewhat, criterion although a thousand li is far, also or late, or fast, or first, or hind, hu Wei its can be not reached also! The person that do not know footpath, will with end boundless, chase without extremely with? Meaning also stop somewhat with? Husband " firm white " , " with different " , " have thick without thick " examine, blame not examine also, however gentleman not argue, stop also. Lean on the travel of chief, blame is not difficult also, however gentleman is no good, those who stop also. Reason learns late. Those stops and wait for me, I go and, criterion also or late, or fast, or first, or hind, hu Wei its can not come together also! Reason Zuo pace and endlessly, game turtle a thousand li; Tired earth and do not stop, qiushan is esteemed. Be disgusted with its source, open its to show disrespect or contempt, jiang He but exhaust. Enter retreat, one left one right, 6 a thoroghbred horse to be not sent. The photograph county of the ability sex of those person also, be like game turtle with 6 a thoroghbred horse sufficient! However game turtle sends, 6 a thoroghbred horse to be not sent, it is not to have its reason Yan, or do it, or do not be Er! Although the path nears, be no good do not come; Although the thing is small, do not be. Its are a person day of much also free time person, its discrepancy is not far. Good way and row, person also; Earnest annals and body, gentleman also; Aplanatic and not exhaust, sage also. Person cannot, criterion Chang Chang like that; Have a way and do not have annals its justice, criterion canal canal like that; Yihufa, and deep its kind, next Wen Wenran. Ceremony person, so personally also, master person, so ceremony also. Inurbane why personally? Is having Shiwu to install those who tell a ceremony to be also? Ceremony however like that, it is affection brings a gift also; Division Yun Eryun, it is to know to be like division also. Affection brings a gift, know to be like division, it is a sage also. Reason incivility, be cannot also; Blame division, it is not to have division also. Not be imitate, and good for private use, of example is still with blind differentiate color, with deaf differentiate sound also, the absurd that abandon chaos is do-nothing also. Reason learns also person, ceremony law also. Husband division, with as appearance, and the expensive person that install oneself also. Shi Yun: "Do not know do not know, of suitable emperor criterion. " this call also. Upright Que arranges younger brother, criterion kind of it may be said is little person; Add academic abdicate quick Yan, have your clinking, the person that can be gentleman. Steal Confucianism fear thing, without sense of honor be addicted to food, criterion young ruffian of it may be said person; Add bold and do not arrange, danger thief and not younger brother Yan, criterion it may be said is unspecified little person, although defect punishment unites but also. Old old and strong person Gui Yan, not poor poor and the person that connect accumulates Yan, row dim and apply without the newspaper, and virtuous unworthy one Yan. The person has these 3, although have a serious offence, day its fail! Of gentleman seek profit also slightly, its are far kill early also, its avoid disgrace also dread, its trade manages also brave. Gentleman is poor and records is numerous, riches and honour and body respectful, install swallow and courage and uprightness not indolent, fatigue tired and appearance is not withered, anger seize nevertheless, happy event grant nevertheless. Gentleman is poor and records is numerous, long Ren also; Riches and honour and body respectful, kill also; Install swallow and courage and uprightness does not decline, card manages also; Fatigue tired and appearance is not withered, good hand in also; Anger seize nevertheless, happy event grant nevertheless, it is the law is gotten the better of illicit also. The book says: "Without it is good to have, abide by Wang Zhi. Without have do evil, the road of abide by king. " of this character gentleman can with Gong Yisheng selfish desire also. |
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