1
国学百科  > 所属分类  >  集部   
[0] 评论[0] 编辑

卷七十九·范雎蔡泽列传第十九_史记

  范睢者,魏人也,字叔。游说诸侯,欲事魏王,家贫无以自资,乃先事魏中大夫须贾。

 
  须贾为魏昭王使於齐,范睢从。留数月,未得报。齐襄王闻睢辩口,乃使人赐睢金十斤及牛酒,睢辞谢不敢受。须贾知之,大怒,以为睢持魏国阴事告齐,故得此馈,令睢受其牛酒,还其金。既归,心怒睢,以告魏相。魏相,魏之诸公子,曰魏齐。魏齐大怒,使舍人笞击睢,折胁摺齿。睢详死,即卷以箦,置厕中。宾客饮者醉,更溺睢,故僇辱以惩後,令无妄言者。睢从箦中谓守者曰:“公能出我,我必厚谢公。”守者乃请出弃箦中死人。魏齐醉,曰:“可矣。”范睢得出。後魏齐悔,复召求之。魏人郑安平闻之,乃遂操范睢亡,伏匿,更名姓曰张禄。
 
  当此时,秦昭王使谒者王稽於魏。郑安平诈为卒,侍王稽。王稽问:“魏有贤人可与俱西游者乎?”郑安平曰:“臣里中有张禄先生,欲见君,言天下事。其人有仇,不敢昼见。”王稽曰:“夜与俱来。”郑安平夜与张禄见王稽。语未究,王稽知范睢贤,谓曰:“先生待我於三亭之南。”与私约而去。
 
  王稽辞魏去,过载范睢入秦。至湖,望见车骑从西来。范睢曰:“彼来者为谁?”王稽曰:“秦相穰侯东行县邑。”范睢曰:“吾闻穰侯专秦权,恶内诸侯客,此恐辱我,我宁且匿车中。”有顷,穰侯果至,劳王稽,因立车而语曰:“关东有何变?”曰:“无有。”又谓王稽曰:“谒君得无与诸侯客子俱来乎?无益,徒乱人国耳。”王稽曰:“不敢。”即别去。范睢曰:“吾闻穰侯智士也,其见事迟,乡者疑车中有人,忘索之。”於是范睢下车走,曰:“此必悔之。”行十馀里,果使骑还索车中,无客,乃已。王稽遂与范睢入咸阳。
 
  已报使,因言曰:“魏有张禄先生,天下辩士也。曰‘秦王之国危於累卵,得臣则安。然不可以书传也’。臣故载来。”秦王弗信,使舍食草具。待命岁馀。
 
  当是时,昭王已立三十六年。南拔楚之鄢郢,楚怀王幽死於秦。秦东破齐。湣王尝称帝,後去之。数困三晋。厌天下辩士,无所信。
 
  穰侯,华阳君,昭王母宣太后之弟也;而泾阳君、高陵君皆昭王同母弟也。穰侯相,三人者更将,有封邑,以太后故,私家富重於王室。及穰侯为秦将,且欲越韩、魏而伐齐纲寿,欲以广其陶封。范睢乃上书曰:
 
  臣闻明主立政,有功者不得不赏,有能者不得不官,劳大者其禄厚,功多者其爵尊,能治众者其官大。故无能者不敢当职焉,有能者亦不得蔽隐。使以臣之言为可,原行而益利其道;以臣之言为不可,久留臣无为也。语曰:“庸主赏所爱而罚所恶;明主则不然,赏必加於有功,而刑必断於有罪。”今臣之胸不足以当椹质,而要不足以待斧钺,岂敢以疑事尝试於王哉!虽以臣为贱人而轻辱,独不重任臣者之无反复於王邪?
 
  且臣闻周有砥砨,宋有结绿,梁有县藜,楚有和朴,此四宝者,土之所生,良工之所失也,而为天下名器。然则圣王之所弃者,独不足以厚国家乎?
 
  臣闻善厚家者取之於国,善厚国者取之於诸侯。天下有明主则诸侯不得擅厚者,何也?为其割荣也。良医知病人之死生,而圣主明於成败之事,利则行之,害则舍之,疑则少尝之,虽舜禹复生,弗能改已。语之至者,臣不敢载之於书,其浅者又不足听也。意者臣愚而不概於王心邪?亡其言臣者贱而不可用乎?自非然者,臣原得少赐游观之间,望见颜色。一语无效,请伏斧质。
 
  於是秦昭王大说,乃谢王稽,使以传车召范睢。
 
  於是范睢乃得见於离宫,详为不知永巷而入其中。王来而宦者怒,逐之,曰:“王至!”范睢缪为曰:“秦安得王?秦独有太后、穰侯耳。”欲以感怒昭王。昭王至,闻其与宦者争言,遂延迎,谢曰:“寡人宜以身受命久矣,会义渠之事急,寡人旦暮自请太后;今义渠之事已,寡人乃得受命。窃闵然不敏,敬执宾主之礼。”范睢辞让。是日观范睢之见者,群臣莫不洒然变色易容者。
 
  秦王屏左右,宫中虚无人。秦王跽而请曰:“先生何以幸教寡人?”范睢曰:“唯唯。”有间,秦王复跽而请曰:“先生何以幸教寡人?”范睢曰:“唯唯。”若是者三。秦王跽曰:“先生卒不幸教寡人邪?”范睢曰:“非敢然也。臣闻昔者吕尚之遇文王也,身为渔父而钓於渭滨耳。若是者,交疏也。已说而立为太师,载与俱归者,其言深也。故文王遂收功於吕尚而卒王天下。乡使文王疏吕尚而不与深言,是周无天子之德,而文武无与成其王业也。今臣羁旅之臣也,交疏於王,而所原陈者皆匡君之事,处人骨肉之间,原效愚忠而未知王之心也。此所以王三问而不敢对者也。臣非有畏而不敢言也。臣知今日言之於前而明日伏诛於後,然臣不敢避也。大王信行臣之言,死不足以为臣患,亡不足以为臣忧,漆身为厉被发为狂不足以为臣耻。且以五帝之圣焉而死,三王之仁焉而死,五伯之贤焉而死,乌获、任鄙之力焉而死,成荆、孟贲、王庆忌、夏育之勇焉而死。死者,人之所必不免也。处必然之势,可以少有补於秦,此臣之所大原也,臣又何患哉!伍子胥橐载而出昭关,夜行昼伏,至於陵水,无以餬其口,行蒲伏,稽首肉袒,鼓腹吹篪,乞食於吴市,卒兴吴国,阖闾为伯。使臣得尽谋如伍子胥,加之以幽囚,终身不复见,是臣之说行也,臣又何忧?箕子、接舆漆身为厉,被发为狂,无益於主。假使臣得同行於箕子,可以有补於所贤之主,是臣之大荣也,臣有何耻?臣之所恐者,独恐臣死之後,天下见臣之尽忠而身死,因以是杜口裹足,莫肯乡秦耳。足下上畏太后之严,下惑於奸臣之态,居深宫之中,不离阿保之手,终身迷惑,无与昭奸。大者宗庙灭覆,小者身以孤危,此臣之所恐耳。若夫穷辱之事,死亡之患,臣不敢畏也。臣死而秦治,是臣死贤於生。”秦王跽曰:“先生是何言也!夫秦国辟远,寡人愚不肖,先生乃幸辱至於此,是天以寡人慁先生而存先王之宗庙也。寡人得受命於先生,是天所以幸先王,而不弃其孤也。先生柰何而言若是!事无小大,上及太后,下至大臣,原先生悉以教寡人,无疑寡人也。”范睢拜,秦王亦再拜
 
  范睢曰:“大王之国,四塞以为固,北有甘泉、谷口,南带泾、渭,右陇、蜀,左关、阪,奋击百万,战车千乘,利则出攻,不利则入守,此王者之地也。民怯於私斗而勇於公战,此王者之民也。王并此二者而有之。夫以秦卒之勇,车骑之众,以治诸侯,譬若施韩卢而搏蹇兔也,霸王之业可致也,而群臣莫当其位。至今闭关十五年,不敢窥兵於山东者,是穰侯为秦谋不忠,而大王之计有所失也。”秦王跽曰:“寡人原闻失计。”
 
  然左右多窃听者,范睢恐,未敢言内,先言外事,以观秦王之俯仰。因进曰:“夫穰侯越韩、魏而攻齐纲寿,非计也。少出师则不足以伤齐,多出师则害於秦。臣意王之计,欲少出师而悉韩、魏之兵也,则不义矣。今见与国之不亲也,越人之国而攻,可乎?其於计疏矣。且昔齐湣王南攻楚,破军杀将,再辟地千里,而齐尺寸之地无得焉者,岂不欲得地哉,形势不能有也。诸侯见齐之罢弊,君臣之不和也,兴兵而伐齐,大破之。士辱兵顿,皆咎其王,曰:‘谁为此计者乎?’王曰:‘文子为之。’大臣作乱,文子出走。攻齐所以大破者,以其伐楚而肥韩、魏也。此所谓借贼兵而赍盗粮者也。王不如远交而近攻,得寸则王之寸也,得尺亦王之尺也。今释此而远攻,不亦缪乎!且昔者中山之国地方五百里,赵独吞之,功成名立而利附焉,天下莫之能害也。今夫韩、魏,中国之处而天下之枢也,王其欲霸,必亲中国以为天下枢,以威楚、赵。楚彊则附赵,赵彊则附楚,楚、赵皆附,齐必惧矣。齐惧,必卑辞重币以事秦。齐附而韩、魏因可虏也。”昭王曰:“吾欲亲魏久矣,而魏多变之国也,寡人不能亲。请问亲魏柰何?”对曰:“王卑词重币以事之;不可,则割地而赂之;不可,因举兵而伐之。”王曰:“寡人敬闻命矣。”乃拜范睢为客卿,谋兵事。卒听范睢谋,使五大夫绾伐魏,拔怀。後二岁,拔邢丘。
 
  客卿范睢复说昭王曰:“秦韩之地形,相错如绣。秦之有韩也,譬如木之有蠹也,人之有心腹之病也。天下无变则已,天下有变,其为秦患者孰大於韩乎?王不如收韩。”昭王曰:“吾固欲收韩,韩不听,为之柰何?”对曰:“韩安得无听乎?王下兵而攻荥阳,则巩、成皋之道不通;北断太行之道,则上党之师不下。王一兴兵而攻荥阳,则其国断而为三。夫韩见必亡,安得不听乎?若韩听,而霸事因可虑矣。”王曰:“善。”且欲发使於韩。
 
  范睢日益亲,复说用数年矣,因请间说曰:“臣居山东时,闻齐之有田文,不闻其有王也;闻秦之有太后、穰侯、华阳、高陵、泾阳,不闻其有王也。夫擅国之谓王,能利害之谓王,制杀生之威之谓王。今太后擅行不顾,穰侯出使不报,华阳、泾阳等击断无讳,高陵进退不请。四贵备而国不危者,未之有也。为此四贵者下,乃所谓无王也。然则权安得不倾,令安得从王出乎?臣闻善治国者,乃内固其威而外重其权。穰侯使者操王之重,决制於诸侯,剖符於天下,政適伐国,莫敢不听。战胜攻取则利归於陶,国弊御於诸侯;战败则结怨於百姓,而祸归於社稷。诗曰‘木实繁者披其枝,披其枝者伤其心;大其都者危其国,尊其臣者卑其主’。崔杼、淖齿管齐,射王股,擢王筋,县之於庙梁,宿昔而死。李兑管赵,囚主父於沙丘,百日而饿死。今臣闻秦太后、穰侯用事,高陵、华阳、泾阳佐之,卒无秦王,此亦淖齿、李兑之类也。且夫三代所以亡国者,君专授政,纵酒驰骋弋猎,不听政事。其所授者,妒贤嫉能,御下蔽上,以成其私,不为主计,而主不觉悟,故失其国。今自有秩以上至诸大吏,下及王左右,无非相国之人者。见王独立於朝,臣窃为王恐,万世之後,有秦国者非王子孙也。”昭王闻之大惧,曰:“善。”於是废太后,逐穰侯、高陵、华阳、泾阳君於关外。秦王乃拜范睢为相。收穰侯之印,使归陶,因使县官给车牛以徙,千乘有馀。到关,关阅其宝器,宝器珍怪多於王室。
 
  秦封范睢以应,号为应侯。当是时,秦昭王四十一年也。
 
  范睢既相秦,秦号曰张禄,而魏不知,以为范睢已死久矣。魏闻秦且东伐韩、魏,魏使须贾於秦。范睢闻之,为微行,敝衣间步之邸,见须贾。须贾见之而惊曰:“范叔固无恙乎!”范睢曰:“然。”须贾笑曰:“范叔有说於秦邪?”曰:“不也。睢前日得过於魏相,故亡逃至此,安敢说乎!”须贾曰:“今叔何事?”范睢曰“臣为人庸赁。”须贾意哀之,留与坐饮食,曰:“范叔一寒如此哉!”乃取其一綈袍以赐之。须贾因问曰:“秦相张君,公知之乎?吾闻幸於王,天下之事皆决於相君。今吾事之去留在张君。孺子岂有客习於相君者哉?”范睢曰:“主人翁习知之。唯睢亦得谒,睢请为见君於张君。”须贾曰:“吾马病,车轴折,非大车驷马,吾固不出。”范睢曰:“原为君借大车驷马於主人翁。”
 
  范睢归取大车驷马,为须贾御之,入秦相府。府中望见,有识者皆避匿。须贾怪之。至相舍门,谓须贾曰:“待我,我为君先入通於相君。”须贾待门下,持车良久,问门下曰:“范叔不出,何也?”门下曰:“无范叔。”须贾曰:“乡者与我载而入者。”门下曰:“乃吾相张君也。”须贾大惊,自知见卖,乃肉袒行,因门下人谢罪。於是范睢盛帷帐,待者甚众,见之。须贾顿首言死罪,曰:“贾不意君能自致於青云之上,贾不敢复读天下之书,不敢复与天下之事。贾有汤镬之罪,请自屏於胡貉之地,唯君死生之!”范睢曰:“汝罪有几?”曰:“擢贾之发以续贾之罪,尚未足。”范睢曰:“汝罪有三耳。昔者楚昭王时而申包胥为楚卻吴军,楚王封之以荆五千户,包胥辞不受,为丘墓之寄於荆也。今睢之先人丘墓亦在魏,公前以睢为有外心於齐而恶睢於魏齐,公之罪一也。当魏齐辱我於厕中,公不止,罪二也。更醉而溺我,公其何忍乎?罪三矣。然公之所以得无死者,以綈袍恋恋,有故人之意,故释公。”乃谢罢。入言之昭王,罢归须贾。
 
  须贾辞於范睢,范睢大供具,尽请诸侯使,与坐堂上,食饮甚设。而坐须贾於堂下,置豆其前,令两黥徒夹而马食之。数曰:“为我告魏王,急持魏齐头来!不然者,我且屠大梁。”须贾归,以告魏齐。魏齐恐,亡走赵。匿平原君所。
 
  范睢既相,王稽谓范睢曰:“事有不可知者三,有不柰何者亦三。宫车一日晏驾,是事之不可知者一也。君卒然捐馆舍,是事之不可知者二也。使臣卒然填沟壑,是事之不可知者三也。宫车一日晏驾,君虽恨於臣,无可柰何。君卒然捐馆舍,君虽恨於臣,亦无可柰何。使臣卒然填沟壑,君虽恨於臣,亦无可柰何。”范睢不怿,乃入言於王曰:“非王稽之忠,莫能内臣於函谷关;非大王之贤圣,莫能贵臣。今臣官至於相,爵在列侯,王稽之官尚止於谒者,非其内臣之意也。”昭王召王稽,拜为河东守,三岁不上计。又任郑安平,昭王以为将军。范睢於是散家财物,尽以报所尝困戹者。一饭之德必偿,睚眦之怨必报。
 
  范睢相秦二年,秦昭王之四十二年,东伐韩少曲、高平,拔之。
 
  秦昭王闻魏齐在平原君所,欲为范睢必报其仇,乃详为好书遗平原君曰;“寡人闻君之高义,原与君为布衣之友,君幸过寡人,寡人原与君为十日之饮。”平原君畏秦,且以为然,而入秦见昭王。昭王与平原君饮数日,昭王谓平原君曰:“昔周文王得吕尚以为太公,齐桓公得管夷吾以为仲父,今范君亦寡人之叔父也。范君之仇在君之家,原使人归取其头来;不然,吾不出君於关。”平原君曰:“贵而为交者,为贱也;富而为交者,为贫也。夫魏齐者,胜之友也,在,固不出也,今又不在臣所。”昭王乃遗赵王书曰:“王之弟在秦,范君之仇魏齐在平原君之家。王使人疾持其头来;不然,吾举兵而伐赵,又不出王之弟於关。”赵孝成王乃发卒围平原君家,急,魏齐夜亡出,见赵相虞卿。虞卿度赵王终不可说,乃解其相印,与魏齐亡,间行,念诸侯莫可以急抵者,乃复走大梁,欲因信陵君以走楚。信陵君闻之,畏秦,犹豫未肯见,曰:“虞卿何如人也?”时侯嬴在旁,曰:“人固未易知,知人亦未易也。夫虞卿蹑屩檐簦,一见赵王,赐白璧一双,黄金百镒;再见,拜为上卿;三见,卒受相印,封万户侯。当此之时,天下争知之。夫魏齐穷困过虞卿,虞卿不敢重爵禄之尊,解相印,捐万户侯而间行。急士之穷而归公子,公子曰‘何如人’。人固不易知,知人亦未易也!”信陵君大惭,驾如野迎之。魏齐闻信陵君之初难见之,怒而自刭。赵王闻之,卒取其头予秦。秦昭王乃出平原君归赵。
 
  昭王四十三年,秦攻韩汾陉,拔之,因城河上广武。
 
  後五年,昭王用应侯谋,纵反间卖赵,赵以其故,令马服子代廉颇将。秦大破赵於长平,遂围邯郸。已而与武安君白起有隙,言而杀之。任郑安平,使击赵。郑安平为赵所围,急,以兵二万人降赵。应侯席请罪。秦之法,任人而所任不善者,各以其罪罪之。於是应侯罪当收三族。秦昭王恐伤应侯之意,乃下令国中:“有敢言郑安平事者,以其罪罪之。”而加赐相国应侯食物日益厚,以顺適其意。後二岁,王稽为河东守,与诸侯通,坐法诛。而应侯日益以不怿。
 
  昭王临朝叹息,应侯进曰:“臣闻‘主忧臣辱,主辱臣死’。今大王中朝而忧,臣敢请其罪。”昭王曰:“吾闻楚之铁剑利而倡优拙。夫铁剑利则士勇,倡优拙则思虑远。夫以远思虑而御勇士,吾恐楚之图秦也。夫物不素具,不可以应卒,今武安君既死,而郑安平等畔,内无良将而外多敌国,吾是以忧。”欲以激励应侯。应侯惧,不知所出。蔡泽闻之,往入秦也。
 
  蔡泽者,燕人也。游学干诸侯小大甚众,不遇。而从唐举相,曰:“吾闻先生相李兑,曰‘百日之内持国秉’,有之乎?”曰:“有之。”曰:“若臣者何如?”唐举孰视而笑曰:“先生曷鼻,巨肩,魋颜,蹙齃,膝挛。吾闻圣人不相,殆先生乎?”蔡泽知唐举戏之,乃曰:“富贵吾所自有,吾所不知者寿也,原闻之。”唐举曰:“先生之寿,从今以往者四十三岁。”蔡泽笑谢而去,谓其御者曰:“吾持粱刺齿肥,跃马疾驱,怀黄金之印,结紫绶於要,揖让人主之前,食肉富贵,四十三年足矣。”去之赵,见逐。之韩、魏,遇夺釜鬲於涂。闻应侯任郑安平、王稽皆负重罪於秦,应侯内惭,蔡泽乃西入秦。
 
  将见昭王,使人宣言以感怒应侯曰:“燕客蔡泽,天下雄俊弘辩智士也。彼一见秦王,秦王必困君而夺君之位。”应侯闻,曰:“五帝三代之事,百家之说,吾既知之,众口之辩,吾皆摧之,是恶能困我而夺我位乎?”使人召蔡泽。蔡泽入,则揖应。应侯固不快,及见之,又倨,应侯因让之曰:“子尝宣言欲代我相秦,宁有之乎?”对曰:“然。”应侯曰:“请闻其说。”蔡泽曰:“吁,君何见之晚也!夫四时之序,成功者去。夫人生百体坚彊,手足便利,耳目聪明而心圣智,岂非士之原与?”应侯曰:“然。”蔡泽曰:“质仁秉义,行道施德,得志於天下,天下怀乐敬爱而尊慕之,皆原以为君王,岂不辩智之期与?”应侯曰:“然。”蔡泽复曰:“富贵显荣,成理万物,使各得其所;性命寿长,终其天年而不夭伤;天下继其统,守其业,传之无穷;名实纯粹,泽流千里,世世称之而无绝,与天地终始:岂道德之符而圣人所谓吉祥善事者与?”应侯曰:“然。”
 
  蔡泽曰:“若夫秦之商君,楚之吴起,越之大夫种,其卒然亦可原与?”应侯知蔡泽之欲困己以说,复谬曰:“何为不可?夫公孙鞅之事孝公也,极身无贰虑,尽公而不顾私;设刀锯以禁奸邪,信赏罚以致治;披腹心,示情素,蒙怨咎,欺旧友,夺魏公子卬,安秦社稷,利百姓,卒为秦禽将破敌,攘地千里。吴起之事悼王也,使私不得害公,谗不得蔽忠,言不取苟合,行不取苟容,不为危易行,行义不辟难,然为霸主强国,不辞祸凶。大夫种之事越王也,主虽困辱,悉忠而不解,主虽绝亡,尽能而弗离,成功而弗矜,贵富而不骄怠。若此三子者,固义之至也,忠之节也。是故君子以义死难,视死如归;生而辱不如死而荣。士固有杀身以成名,虽义之所在,虽死无所恨。何为不可哉?”
 
  蔡泽曰:“主圣臣贤,天下之盛福也;君明臣直,国之福也;父慈子孝,夫信妻贞,家之福也。故比干忠而不能存殷,子胥智而不能完吴,申生孝而晋国乱。是皆有忠臣孝子,而国家灭乱者,何也?无明君贤父以听之,故天下以其君父为僇辱而怜其臣子。今商君、吴起、大夫种之为人臣,是也;其君,非也。故世称三子致功而不见德,岂慕不遇世死乎?夫待死而後可以立忠成名,是微子不足仁,孔子不足圣,管仲不足大也。夫人之立功,岂不期於成全邪?身与名俱全者,上也。名可法而身死者,其次也。名在僇辱而身全者,下也。”於是应侯称善。
 
  蔡泽少得间,因曰:“夫商君、吴起、大夫种,其为人臣尽忠致功则可原矣,闳夭事文王,周公辅成王也,岂不亦忠圣乎?以君臣论之,商君、吴起、大夫种其可原孰与闳夭、周公哉?”应侯曰:“商君、吴起、大夫种弗若也。”蔡泽曰:“然则君之主慈仁任忠,惇厚旧故,其贤智与有道之士为胶漆,义不倍功臣,孰与秦孝公、楚悼王、越王乎?”应侯曰:“未知何如也。”蔡泽曰:“今主亲忠臣,不过秦孝公、楚悼王、越王,君之设智,能为主安危修政,治乱彊兵,批患折难,广地殖穀,富国足家,彊主,尊社稷,显宗庙,天下莫敢欺犯其主,主之威盖震海内,功彰万里之外,声名光辉传於千世,君孰与商君、吴起、大夫种?”应侯曰:“不若。”蔡泽曰:“今主之亲忠臣不忘旧故不若孝公、悼王、句践,而君之功绩爱信亲幸又不若商君、吴起、大夫种,然而君之禄位贵盛,私家之富过於三子,而身不退者,恐患之甚於三子,窃为君危之。语曰‘日中则移,月满则亏’。物盛则衰,天地之常数也。进退盈缩,与时变化,圣人之常道也。故‘国有道则仕,国无道则隐’。圣人曰‘飞龙在天,利见大人’。‘不义而富且贵,於我如浮云’。今君之怨已雠而德已报,意欲至矣,而无变计,窃为君不取也。且夫翠、鹄、犀、象,其处势非不远死也,而所以死者,惑於饵也。苏秦、智伯之智,非不足以辟辱远死也,而所以死者,惑於贪利不止也。是以圣人制礼节欲,取於民有度,使之以时,用之有止,故志不溢,行不骄,常与道俱而不失,故天下承而不绝。昔者齐桓公九合诸侯,一匡天下,至於葵丘之会,有骄矜之志,畔者九国。吴王夫差兵无敌於天下,勇彊以轻诸侯,陵齐晋,故遂以杀身亡国。夏育、太史噭叱呼骇三军,然而身死於庸夫。此皆乘至盛而不返道理,不居卑退处俭约之患也。夫商君为秦孝公明法令,禁奸本,尊爵必赏,有罪必罚,平权衡,正度量,调轻重,决裂阡陌,以静生民之业而一其俗,劝民耕农利土,一室无二事,力田稸积,习战陈之事,是以兵动而地广,兵休而国富,故秦无敌於天下,立威诸侯,成秦国之业。功已成矣,而遂以车裂。楚地方数千里,持戟百万,白起率数万之师以与楚战,一战举鄢郢以烧夷陵,再战南并蜀汉。又越韩、魏而攻彊赵,北阬马服,诛屠四十馀万之众,尽之于长平之下,流血成川,沸声若雷,遂入围邯郸,使秦有帝业。楚、赵天下之彊国而秦之仇敌也,自是之後,楚、赵皆慑伏不敢攻秦者,白起之势也。身所服者七十馀城,功已成矣,而遂赐剑死於杜邮。吴起为楚悼王立法,卑减大臣之威重,罢无能,废无用,损不急之官,塞私门之请,一楚国之俗,禁游客之民,精耕战之士,南收杨越,北并陈、蔡,破横散从,使驰说之士无所开其口,禁朋党以励百姓,定楚国之政,兵震天下,威服诸侯。功已成矣,而卒枝解。大夫种为越王深谋远计,免会稽之危,以亡为存,因辱为荣,垦草入邑,辟地殖穀,率四方之士,专上下之力,辅句践之贤,报夫差之雠,卒擒劲吴。令越成霸。功已彰而信矣,句践终负而杀之。此四子者,功成不去,祸至於此。此所谓信而不能诎,往而不能返者也。范蠡知之,超然辟世,长为陶硃公。君独不观夫博者乎?或欲大投,或欲分功,此皆君之所明知也。今君相秦,计不下席,谋不出廊庙,坐制诸侯,利施三川,以实宜阳,决羊肠之险,塞太行之道,又斩范、中行之涂,六国不得合从,栈道千里,通於蜀汉,使天下皆畏秦,秦之欲得矣,君之功极矣,此亦秦之分功之时也。如是而不退,则商君、白公、吴起、大夫种是也。吾闻之,‘鉴於水者见面之容,鉴於人者知吉与凶’。书曰‘成功之下,不可久处’。四子之祸,君何居焉?君何不以此时归相印,让贤者而授之,退而岩居川观,必有伯夷之廉,长为应侯。世世称孤,而有许由、延陵季子之让,乔松之寿,孰与以祸终哉?即君何居焉?忍不能自离,疑不能自决,必有四子之祸矣。易曰‘亢龙有悔’,此言上而不能下,信而不能诎,往而不能自返者也。原君孰计之!”应侯曰:“善。吾闻‘欲而不知,失其所以欲;有而不知,失其所以有’。先生幸教,睢敬受命。’於是乃延入坐,为上客。
 
  後数日,入朝,言於秦昭王曰:“客新有从山东来者曰蔡泽,其人辩士,明於三王之事,五伯之业,世俗之变,足以寄秦国之政。臣之见人甚众,莫及,臣不如也。臣敢以闻。”秦昭王召见,与语,大说之,拜为客卿。应侯因谢病请归相印。昭王彊起应侯,应侯遂称病笃。范睢免相,昭王新说蔡泽计画,遂拜为秦相,东收周室。
 
  蔡泽相秦数月,人或恶之,惧诛,乃谢病归相印,号为纲成君。居秦十馀年,事昭王、孝文王、庄襄王。卒事始皇帝,为秦使於燕,三年而燕使太子丹入质於秦。
 
  太史公曰:韩子称“长袖善舞,多钱善贾”,信哉是言也!范睢、蔡泽世所谓一切辩士,然游说诸侯至白首无所遇者,非计策之拙,所为说力少也。及二人羁旅入秦,继踵取卿相,垂功於天下者,固彊弱之势异也。然士亦有偶合,贤者多如此二子,不得尽意,岂可胜道哉!然二子不困戹,恶能激乎?
 
  应侯始困,讬载而西,说行计立,贵平宠稽。倚秦市赵,卒报魏齐。纲成辩智,范睢招携。势利倾夺,一言成蹊。
 
 

  • New Sinology Title:
    Roll biographies of Cai Ze of 79 · model Ju the 19th _ history write down

    New Sinology Chapter:
    Roll biographies of Cai Ze of 79 · model Ju the 19th

    New Sinology BookName:
    History write down

    New Sinology Catalog:
    History ministry

    New Sinology Content:

    Fan Sui person, wei Ren also, word father's younger brother. Go canvassing is vassal, desire king of thing the Kingdom of Wei, domestic deficient is not had with from endowment, therefore first the doctor in thing the Kingdom of Wei is needed merchant.

     
    Beard merchant makes for king of clear of the Kingdom of Wei Wu Qi, fan Sui from. Leave a few months, did not get a reply. Neat assist king hears Sui argue mouth, make the person grants Sui gold therefore 10 jins of wine that reach an ox, sui politely decline dare not suffer. Those who need Gu Zhi, bate, think Sui holds thing of nether world of country of the Kingdom of Wei to accuse neat, reason gets this make a present of, ling Sui gets its ox alcoholic drink, return its gold. Return already, heart angry Sui, in order to accuse Wei Xiang. Wei Xiang, all childe of the Kingdom of Wei, say Wei Qi. Wei Qi bate, make the cane that abandon a person attacks Sui, change a tooth-like part of anything of coerce to fold. Sui detailed is dead, coil namely with bed mat made of woven stripe of bamboo, in buy lavatory. Guest drink person drunk, more Sui of be addicted to, reason disgrace with punish after, the person that make do not have absurd character. Sui calls from inside bed mat made of woven stripe of bamboo the person that defend says: "Fair can give me, I need thick Xie Gong. " the person that defend gives the dead in abandoning bed mat made of woven stripe of bamboo please therefore. Wei Qi is drunk, say: "But. " Fan Sui reachs. Neat regret of after the Kingdom of Wei, answer call together begs. How does Wei Ren Zheng make the same score Wen Zhi, hold Fan Sui to die then therefore, volt conceal, more the name surnames Zhang Lu.
     
    When right now, wu Wei of check of king of the person that king of clear of the Qin Dynasty makes call on. Zheng Anping cheat is soldier, serve king check. Wang Ji asks: "Does the Kingdom of Wei have a person of virtue but with the person that does all swim on the west? " Zheng Anping says: "In official in have Mr Zhanglu, be about to see gentleman, thing of character the world. Its person has enemy, not dare day sees. " Wang Ji says: "Night and all come. " Zheng Anping night and Zhang Lu see Wang Ji. Language not investigate, wang Ji knows Fan Sui virtuous, call: "The gentleman waits for my Wu Santing south. " with illicit make an appointment with and go.
     
    The Kingdom of Wei of king check demit goes, overload model Sui enters the Qin Dynasty. To the lake, see a car ride from come on the west. Fan Sui says: "Who is those arrival? " Wang Ji says: "City of county of travel of Hou Dong of Rang of photograph of the Qin Dynasty. " Fan Sui says: "I hears the Qin Dynasty of Rang Hou Zhuan to counterpoise, evil inside vassal guest, this fears disgrace I, I am peaceful and in conceal car. " have a unit of area, rang Hou Guo comes, labor king check, because of establishing a car words says: "Does east of Shanhaiguan have why to change? " say: "Without have. " call again Wang Ji says: "Must be call on gentleman had with vassal guest child does all come? Profitless, ear of country of person confused person. " Wang Ji says: "Not dare. " do not go namely. Fan Sui says: "I hears Rang Hou Zhi person also, its see the work is late, countryside person the somebody in doubt car, overlook demand. " at it is Fan Sui gets off, say: "This needs of regret. " row in 10 Yu, make ride if really in returning cable car, without the guest, therefore already. Wang Ji enters Xian Yang with Fan Sui then.
     
    Already signed up for make, because of Yan Yue: "The Kingdom of Wei has Mr Zhanglu, the world argue person also. Say ' Qin Wangzhi country highs at be precarious, I install. Cannot pass with the book like that also ' . Official friend carries come. " Qin Wangfu is believed, make abandon feed grass to provide. On call year old of Yu.
     
    Should be when, clear king already stood 36 years. Na Bachu's Yan Ying, chu Huaiwang is deep and remote dead Wu Qin. Qin Dong is broken neat. king is tasted weigh the Supreme Being, after goes. Number strands 3 advance. Argue of the world of be disgusted with person, do not have a letter.
     
    Rang Hou, hua Yangjun, the younger brother of mother of an emperor of a surname of clear king mother also; And Jun Jiezhao of in relief gentleman of short for the Jinghe River, tall hill younger brother of Wang Tong's mother also. Rang Hou Xiang, 3 people person more will, have Feng Yi, with reason of mother of an emperor, royal family of illicit home Fu Chongwu. The Hou that reach Rang is general of the Qin Dynasty, and be about to jump over Han, the Kingdom of Wei and cut down Qi Gangshou, be about to seal with An Jitao.
     
    Official Wen Ming advocate stand politics, have rendered great service person must admire, have can person must official, fatigue big Zhe Jilu is thick, work is much person its the rank of nobility honour, can treat numerous person its official is old. Reason is incompetent person dare not become duty Yan, have can person also do not get my hidden from view. Make be with official's character but, go formerly and profit profit its; It is with official's character cannot, long leave me do-nothing also. Language say: "Commonplace advocate admire a love and punish place evil; Bright advocate criterion otherwise, admire add surely at have rendered great service, and punishment is broken surely at guilty. " today official's bosom can't pledge when Shen, and otherwise enough waits for axe tomahawk, you flatter me tries Wu Wangzai with doubt thing! Although be wretch with me and light disgrace, alone not important task official person without relapse at Wang Xie?
     
    And I hear Zhou Youdi Chang , song Youjie is green, bridge has prefectural goosefoot, chu Youhe is plain, this 4 treasure person, earthy place is strange, the place that fine is versed in is broken also, and for the world name implement. The person that the place of king of emperor ining that case is abandoned, alone can't large nation?
     
    The Wu Guo that the person that I hear large home of be apt to takes, large nation of be apt to person extraction Wu Zhu Hou. The world has bright advocate vassal must not arrogate to oneself is thick person, he Ye? Cut flourish for its also. What the good doctor tells a patient is dead unripe, and emperor advocate the issue that Ming Wucheng beats, benefit goes, kill what abandon, doubt tastes less, although Shun Yu is resurgent, not can change already. The come person of language, the Wu Shu that I dare not carry, its are shallow person be not worth again listen also. Meaning Zhe Chenyu and not without exception Wu Wangxin evil? Die its Yan Chen person cheap and cannot be used? Be not oneself like that person, I are granted less formerly swim between view, see color. One language is invalid, the axe that invite hot season is qualitative.
     
    King of Wu Shiqin clear says greatly, thank Wang Ji therefore, make in order to pass Che Shaofan Sui.
     
    At it is Fan Sui must see Wu Li recreation therefore, detailed is do not know always alley and into among them. King come and eunuch person anger, chase, say: "Wang Zhi! " Fan Sui Miao is: "Is Qin An gotten king? Qin Du has Hou Er of mother of an emperor, Rang. " desire with king of feeling angry clear. Clear king comes, the person that hear its and eunuch contends for character, satisfy Yan Ying, xie Yue: "The sovereign appropriate recieves orders with the body long, meeting justice canal the matter is urgent, the sovereign dawns dusk asks queen mother oneself; Today justice canal thing already, the sovereign must recieve orders therefore. Steal Min Ran not quick, respect hold the ceremony of guest and host. " model Sui politely decline. It is day of see person that watchs Fan Sui, group official there's no one who doesn't or isn't is aspersed become angry like that the person that allow easily.
     
    Qin Wangbing is controlled, gong Zhongxu unmanned. Qin Wang Ji and say please: "Why does the gentleman I hope teach the sovereign? " Fan Sui says: "Only. " have, qin Wangfu Ji and say please: "Why does the gentleman I hope teach the sovereign? " Fan Sui says: "Only. " if person 3. Qin Wang Ji says: "Does gentleman soldier misfortune teach the sovereign unhealthy environmental influences that cause disease? " Fan Sui says: "Blame dare like that also. Shang Zhi of Lv of the person that I hear former time encounters civil Wang Ye, angle as fishing father Wu Weibin ear. If person, hand in scanty also. Already said and stand for too master, carry the person that return with all, its talk is late also. Reason article king receives result Wu Lv then the world of Shang Ercu king. Countryside makes article king scanty Lv Shang and not with late talk, it is week of heart that does not have the emperor, and civil and military is not had with into its Wang Ye also. Today the official of official bridle brigade also, hand in scanty Wu Wang, a job that former Chen Zhe all saves gentleman, between flesh and blood punishing a person, yuan Xiaoyu faithful and heart of sealed Wang Zhi also. This person that so Wang San asks and dare not be opposite also. Official blame has Wei and not dare character also. I know now before Yan Zhiwu and tomorrow bend over puts to death at after, like that I dare not avoid also. King believes the character of an official, dead inadequacy thinks I suffer from, die can't be official care, lacquer is sent to be mad inadequacy to think as severe official shame. And die with 5 Di Zhisheng Yan, the Ren Yan of 3 king and dead, 5 Bai Zhixian Yan and dead, black is obtained, the force Yan that holds the post of low and dead, the Yong Yan of Yo of Cheng Jing, Meng Ben, Wang Qingji, summer and dead. The dead, the person's place needs unavoidable also. Be in sure sign, OK and rare Bu Wuqin, the place of this official is great former also, why do I suffer from again! Wu Zi all as kind of bag to carry and give clear to close, hot season of nocturnal travel day, to Wu Ling water, without with Zuo its mouth, travel cattail bend over, kowtow flesh leave uncovered, bosomy abdomen blows Chi, beg feeds Wu Wu city, soldier promotes Wu Guo, entiring Lv Weibai. Make if Wu Zi petties official,I all must be sought, together with with deep and remote convict, lifelong not answer see, be me say to go also, official He You? Dustpan child, the lacquer that receive area as severe, be sent to be mad, profitless at advocate. If official gets Wu Jizi of person of the same trade, can have filling Wu Suoxian advocate, the great glory that is me also, do I have why shame? The person that official's place fears, fear official's dead after alone, the world sees me use up faithful and the body is dead, because be wrapped in order to be Du Kou sufficient, ear of another name for Shaanxi province of Mo Ken village. Of mother of an emperor of the Wei on you severe, next be puzzled the condition at treacherous court official, in house deep palace, do not leave A Baozhi hand, lifelong puzzle, without with clear evil. Big person ancestral temple destroys Fu, small person high with Gu personally, the place of this official fears ear. Be like the thing of husband poor disgrace, of death suffer from, official not dare Wei also. I die and the Qin Dynasty is treated, it is I die virtuous Wu Sheng. " Qin Wang Ji says: "The gentleman is He Yan also! Monarch of country of husband the Qin Dynasty is far, the sovereign I is unworthy, the gentleman is favour disgrace to come at this, it is the day is put with the sovereign Mr first the ancestral temple of king also. The sovereign must recieve orders at the gentleman, it is the day comes so first king, and do not abandon its Gu also. Gentleman a kind of apple why if! The thing is not had small big, mother of an emperor is reached on, chancellery comes below, former gentleman all in order to teach the sovereign, undoubted the sovereign also. " Fan Sui is done obeisance to, qin Wang also is done obeisance to again
     
    Fan Sui says: "The country of king, 4 a place of strategic importance think solid, north has opening of Gan Quan, cereal, short for the Jinghe River, short for Weihe River is taken south, right Gansu, Sichuan, left close, slope, act vigorously is attacked 1 million, chariot 1000 by, profit exceeds attack, adverse enter defend, the ground of this Wang Zhe also. Civilian cowardly at illicit fight and battle of brave Wu Gong, of this Wang Zhe civilian also. Wang Bing this both and those who have. Husband the brave with Qin Cu, what the car drives is numerous, in order to treat vassal, if example applies Han Lu Erbo Jian hare also, the course of study of Xiang Yu the Conqueror can be sent also, and group I not become its. Shut up to now close 15 years, dare not peep Bing Wushan east person, it is Rang Houwei Qin Mou is disloyal, and of king plan break somewhat also. " Qin Wang Ji says: "The sovereign hears unwise formerly. "The sovereign hears unwise formerly..
     
    Control much listener-in like that, fan Sui fears, not dare inside character, first character external affairs, in order to watch a simple move or action of king of the Qin Dynasty. Because enter: "Husband Rang Hou jumps over Han, the Kingdom of Wei and attack Qi Gangshou, blame plan also. Little dispatch troops can't hurt neat, dispatch troops more kill Wu Qin. Of official meaning king plan, desire little dispatch troops and all Han, Wei Zhibing also, disloyal. See today with the country not close also, jump over the person's country and attack, can? Its Wu Ji is scanty. And former times attacks Hunan south neat king, broken army kill will, monarch again ground a thousand li, and the ground of neat dimension does not have the person that get Yan, not be about to get the ground, the situation cannot have also. Vassal see Qi Zhi stops fraud, jun Chen's disaccord also, xing Bing and cut down is neat, defeat greatly. Person disgrace arms pauses, all Jiu Jiwang, say: ' who is this plan person? ' Wang Yue: ' Wen Zi does it. ' chancellery stages an armed rebellion, wen Zi leaves. Attack the person that defeat together greatly so, with Hunan of its cut down fat Han, Wei Ye. This is alleged borrow wicked soldiers and Ji steel food person also. King as far hand in and attack nearly, inch a Wang Zhi inch also, the Yi Wangzhi that get foot feet also. Today commentate this and far attack, not also Miao! And former times person the country of Zhongshan place 500 lis, zhao Du swallows, result become famous stand and benefit adds Yan, the world Mo Zhi can be killed also. Today husband Han, the Kingdom of Wei, of China be in and the center of the world also, wang Jiyu bully, kiss China to think surely the world center, with power Hunan, Zhao. Hunan adds Zhao, zhao adds Hunan, hunan, Zhao all is added, qi Bi dread. Qi Ju, need low demit weighs money with thing the Qin Dynasty. Be added together and Han, the Kingdom of Wei because but captive also. " clear king says: "I is about to kiss Wei Jiu, and the country that Wei Duo changes also, the sovereign cannot kiss. Kiss Wei Naihe excuse me? " to saying: "King low word weighs money with the thing; Cannot, criterion cede territory and of Lu; Cannot, because lift arms and of cut down. " Wang Yue: "Life of the sovereign Jing Wen. " do obeisance to Fan Sui therefore to a person from one feudal state serving in the court of another, plan arms issue. Soldier listens Fan Sui is sought, make the Kingdom of Wei of cut down of 5 doctors coil up, unplug bosom. After is 2 years old, unplug Xing Qiu.
     
    Fan Sui aing person from one feudal state serving in the court of another answer Wang Yue saying clear: "Qinhan's landform, photograph fault is like embroider. Qin Zhi has Han Ye, for example Mu Zhi has moth also, the disease of intentional abdomen of the person also. The world is not had change criterion already, the world has change, are its big Wu Han of what of patient of the Qin Dynasty? King be inferior to receiving Han. " clear king says: "My firm are about to close Han, han does not listen, do it a kind of apple why? " to saying: "Does Han An listen so that not have? Wang Xiabing and this world that attack Xing, criterion the path of consolidate, Cheng Gao is illogical; North is broken too the path of travel, go up the division of the party does not fall. Wang Yixing arms and this world that attack Xing, its country is broken and be 3. Husband Han Jian dies surely, be installed so that do not listen? Be like Han Ting, and bully thing because but Lv. " Wang Yue: "Be apt to. " and be about to send make Wu Han.
     
    Fan Sui is increasingly close, answer say to use several years, because ask say: "When I reside Shandong, wen Qizhi has Tian Wen, do not hear its to have Wang Ye; Hear Qin Zhi to have this world of Hou of mother of an emperor, Rang, Hua Yang, Gao Ling, short for the Jinghe River, do not hear its to have Wang Ye. Of country of husband arrogate to oneself call king, can terrible call king, make kill unripe power call king. Today arrogate to oneself of mother of an emperor is disregarded all right, rang Hou be sent on a diplomatic mission does not sign up for, the strike off such as this world of Hua Yang, short for the Jinghe River is not had avoid as taboo, tall hill advance and retreat is not asked. 4 costly equipment and the person that the country does not high, not have also. For this 4 expensive person below, therefore alleged without Wang Ye. Authority ining that case is installed not bend, make be installed from king beyond? The person that I hear manage state affairs of be apt to, therefore inside solid its power and outside weigh its to counterpoise. Rang Hou emissary holds Wang Zhi to weigh, make Wu Zhu Hou definitely, analyse accord with falls at the day, country of politics Zuo strike, mo Gan does not listen. Conquer attack and seize criterion benefit puts in Wu Tao 's charge, country Hou of fraud drive Wu Zhu; Wu Bai surnames contract enmity of be defeated criterion, and disaster puts in Wu Sheji 's charge. The poem says ' wooden fact is numerous person wrap around its branch, wrap around its branch person hurt its heart; Big its person Wei Jiguo, honour its official person low its advocate ' . Cui reed, mire tine is in charge of neat, shoot Wang Gu, promote king muscle, prefectural Wu Miaoliang, su Xi and dead. Plum add is in charge of Zhao, convict advocate grave of father Wu Sha, 100 days and starved to death. Today Hou of mother of an emperor of official Wen Qin, Rang is in power, of in relief assist of Gao Ling, Hua Yang, short for the Jinghe River, soldier does not have Qin Wang, this also mires tine, Li Duizhi kind also. And husband 3 generation so a conquered nation person, gentleman is awarded only politics, drink to excess gallops Yi Lie, do not listen to government affairs. The person that its are awarded, be jealous of virtuous envy can, below drive my go up, in order to become its illicit, do not give priority to plan, and advocate not awareness, reason loses its country. Come from above having order today Zhu Dali, king left and right sides is reached below, the person of country of photograph of no more than person. See Wang Du establishs Wu Chao, I are stolen for king fear, the after of all ages, the person that have Qin Guo is not princely Sun Ye. " the big fear that clear king hears, say: "Be apt to. " at it is useless mother of an emperor, outside Wu Guan of Yangjun of the Hou that chase Rang, Gao Ling, Hua Yang, short for the Jinghe River. Qin Wang does obeisance to Fan Sui to be therefore. Receive Rang Hou Zhi to imprint, make put in contented 's charge, because make prefectural officer gives Che Niu with move from one place to another, 1000 by have Yu. To close, close read its treasure implement, bao Qizhen blames room of much Wu Wang.
     
    Sui of Qin Feng model in order to answer, date is should Hou. Should be when, king of clear of the Qin Dynasty 41 years also.
     
    Fan Sui already photograph the Qin Dynasty, qin Hao says Zhang Lu, and Wei Buzhi, think Fan Sui is dead already long. The Kingdom of Wei hears Qin Ju east cut down Han, the Kingdom of Wei, the Kingdom of Wei makes need Gu Wuqin. Fan Sui hears, for incognito, the mansion of the pace between our garment, see beard merchant. Need Gu Jian and Jing says: "Fan Shugu ins good health! " Fan Sui says: "Like that. " need Gu Xiao to say: "Does Fan Shu have say Wu Qin evil? " say: "Not also. Sui eve has gotten Wu Wei look, friend loses escape so far, an Gan says! " need Gu Yue: "Today father's younger brother why thing? " Fan Sui says " hire of official humanness commonplace. " need Gu Yi sad, stay with sit food, say: "Fan Shuyi is cold such! " take one of Jian gown therefore with granting. Because beard merchant asks: "Mr Qin Xiangzhang, fair know? I hears Xing Wuwang, the thing of the world all definitely Wu Xiangjun. Today of my things go staying in Zhang Jun. Child have Jun Zhezai of guest Xi Wuxiang? " Fan Sui says: "Master be used to knows. Only Sui also gets call on, sui is Wu Zhangjun seeing gentleman please. " need Gu Yue: "My horses are ill, axle is folded, blame cart as team of four horses, my firm do not go. " Fan Sui says: "Yuan Weijun borrows cart to a team of four horses at master. "Yuan Weijun borrows cart to a team of four horses at master..
     
    Fan Sui returns take cart to a team of four horses, to need Gu Yuzhi, enter Qin Xiangfu. See in government office, the person that know all avoids conceal. Need Gu Guaizhi. Come to abandon the door, call need Gu Yue: "Wait for me, I enter a Wu Xiangjun first for gentleman. " beard merchant waits for the door to fall, hold car a long time, ask the door falls: "Fan Shu does not go out, he Ye? " say below the door: "Without Fan Shu. " need Gu Yue: "Countryside person the person that carry with me and enter. " say below the door: "It is my Xiang Zhangjun also. " beard merchant big Jing, know to see oneself sell, leave uncovered you the flesh goes, because of door servent offer an apology. At it is account of model Sui Cheng Wei, the person that wait for is very numerous, those who see. Need capital crime of character of Gu Du head, say: "Merchant unexpectedlying gentleman can send Wu Qingyun oneself over, merchant not dare answer the book that reads the world, not dare answer the thing with the world. The blame of Gu Youshang Huo, ask the ground from racoon dog of screen Wu Hu, only gentleman is born to death! " Fan Sui says: "A few does your blame have? " say: "Pull out Gu Zhi sends the blame with add merchant, have not sufficient. " Fan Sui says: "Your blame has 3 side. Former times from time to time of Zhe Chuzhao king explain wrap Wu Jun of Xu Weichu , of Chu Wangfeng with Jing Wuqian door, the bag petties official demit does not suffer, of the grave that it is grave send Wu Jing also. Today the forefathers grave grave of Sui also is in the Kingdom of Wei, fair before with Sui to have unfaithful intentions Wu Qi evil Sui Wu Wei is neat, fair blame one also. When Wei Qi disgrace I at lavatory in, fair more than, blame 2 also. Drunker and be addicted to I, fair why are its borne? Blame 3. Like that fair must not have the dead, love with Jian gown, have the idea of old friend, reason commentate fair. " wither therefore. Enter the clear king of character, stop put in beard merchant 's charge.
     
    Need Sui of Gu Ci Wu Fan, model Sui old sacrificial vessel, all ask vassal make, with sit on hall, feed drink to be set very. And sit need Gu Wutang to fall, buy  beans before its, make what two Qing apprentice is placed and the horse feeds. Number says: "Accuse Wei Wang for me, hold Wei Qi head urgently to come! Otherwise person, I and Tu Daliang. " need Gu Gui, in order to accuse Wei Qi. Wei Qi fears, die Zhao. Place of conceal Campagna gentleman.
     
    Fan Sui already, wang Ji calls Fan Sui says: "The thing has the person that cannot know 3, have not a kind of apple why person also 3. A day of comfort drives palace car, the person cannot know that is a thing one also. Jun Cu contributes a house to abandon like that, the person cannot know that is a thing 2 also. Make I fill gully suddenly, the person cannot know that is a thing 3 also. A day of comfort drives palace car, although gentleman hates Wu Chen, without but a kind of apple why. Jun Cu contributes a house to abandon like that, although gentleman hates Wu Chen, also do not have but a kind of apple why. Make I fill gully suddenly, although gentleman hates Wu Chen, also do not have but a kind of apple why. " Fan Sui not Yi, say into character Wu Wang therefore: "Be not king Ji Zhizhong, the official inside Mo Neng closes at case cereal; Be not the virtuous emperor of king, mo Nenggui's official. Today official official comes Wu Xiang, the rank of nobility is in a Hou, the person that government-owned Shang Zhiwu of Wang Ji calls on, the meaning that is not the official inside its also. " check of king of clear king call together, do obeisance to for the river east defend, 3 years old do not go up plan. Hold the post of Zheng Anping again, clear king thinks general. Fan Sui at it is to come loose penates content, all taste the person that strand in order to sign up for place. The heart of one meal needs countervail, the enmity that angry stare signs up for surely.
     
    Qin Ernian of model Sui photograph, of king of clear of the Qin Dynasty year, east cut down Han Shaoqu, Gao Ping, unplug.
     
    King of clear of the Qin Dynasty hears Wei Qi to be in Campagna gentleman place, be about to sign up for its enemy surely for Fan Sui, it is detailed had better gentleman of Campagna of book involuntary discharge of urine says; "The sovereign hears gentleman's Gao Yi, yuan Yujun is the friend of the commoners, jun Xing crosses the sovereign, the sovereign is drink of 10 days with gentleman formerly. " the Qin Dynasty of Campagna gentleman Wei, and think like that, and see clear king into the Qin Dynasty. Clear king and Campagna gentleman drink count day, yuan Jun of clear Wang Weiping says: "King of article of former times week gets Lv Shang to think great-grandfather, qi Huan is so fair that Qi Huan Guan Yiwu thinks Zhong Fu, today model the uncle of Jun Yi the sovereign also. Fan Jun's enemy is in Home Jun Zhi, make the person returns formerly take its head; Otherwise, I does not give gentleman Wu Guan. " Campagna gentleman says: "Expensive and it is the person that hand in, for cheap also; Rich and it is the person that hand in, for deficient also. Husband the Kingdom of Wei is neat person, sheng Zhiyou also, in, firm does not go also, be absent again today official place. " clear king is Wang Shu of Zhao of involuntary discharge of urine to say: "Wang Zhidi is in the Qin Dynasty, fan Jun's Chou Wei is in the home of Campagna gentleman together. King make person disease holds its head to come; Otherwise, I is lifted arms and cut down Zhao, do not give the younger brother Wu Guan of king again. " Zhao filial piety surrounds Campagna gentleman home into Wang Naifa soldier, urgent, neat night of the Kingdom of Wei dies piece, see Zhao Xiang Yuqing. Yu Qing spends Zhao Wang to cannot say eventually, solve its to imprint therefore, die with Wei Qi, go between, read aloud vassal Mo Ke with the person that touch urgently, therefore answer walk along crossbeam, desire because believe hill gentleman in order to walk along Hunan. Of the Jun Wen that believe hill, wei the Qin Dynasty, hesitation did not agree to see, say: "Person of anxiety dear how about also? " accession Ying Zaipang, say: "Person firm knows not easily, yi Weiyi telling a person also. Deng of brim of of to follow of husband Yu Qing, see Zhao Wang, grant white Bi Yishuang, gold 100 an ancient unit of weight; Goodbye, do obeisance to to go up dear; 3 see, soldier suffers imprint, seal 10 thousand Hou. When this when, the world is contended for those who know. Neat end of husband the Kingdom of Wei crosses Yu Qing tiredly, yu Qing dare not weigh Lu Zhizun of the rank of nobility, jie Xiangyin, contribute 10 thousand Hou and row. Urgent person poor and put in childe 's charge, childe says ' how about person ' . Person firm knows not easily, yi Weiyi telling a person also! " big feel ashamed of the gentleman that believe hill, be like,drive wild greet. At the beginning of Wei Qi hears Xin Lingjun see hard, angry and cut the throat oneself. Of Zhao Wangwen, soldier takes its head to grant the Qin Dynasty. King of clear of the Qin Dynasty gives Campagna gentleman to put in Zhao 's charge therefore.
     
    Clear king 43 years, the Qin Dynasty attacks Han Fen Xing, unplug, go up because of city river wide fierce.
     
    After 5 years, clear king uses Ying Houmou, even if sow distrust or dissension among one's enemies sells Zhao, zhao Yiji reason, your horse takes filial generation cheap quite will. The Qin Dynasty defeats Zhao Wu Changping greatly, surround Han Dan then. Have with Wu Anjun Bai Qi soon unoccupied place, character and kill. Ren Zhengan is smooth, make attack Zhao. Zheng Anping is Zhao Suo to surround, urgent, with arms 20 thousand people fall Zhao. Should admit one's error and ask for punishment of Hou banquet  . The law of the Qin Dynasty, the person that what hold the post of a person and allow not to be pooh-poohed, each with its pain suffering. At it is to answer Hou blame should close 3 a group of things with common features. King of clear of the Qin Dynasty fears answering the meaning of Hou, give orders therefore in the country: "Have dare the person that Yan Zhengan makes the same score a thing, with its pain suffering. " and add grant photograph country to answer Hou food is increasingly thick, in order to arrange Zuo its meaning. After is 2 years old, wang Ji is a river east defend, with vassal, sit law kill. And should Hou Riyi with not Yi.
     
    Clear king faces face groan, should Hou Jin says: "I are heard ' advocate care official disgrace, advocate disgrace official is dead ' . Today in king toward care, I would like to ask its blame. " clear king says: "I hears the Tie Jianli of Hunan and initiate actors or actress clumsy. Benefit of husband iron sword criterion person brave, initiate actors or actress clumsy criterion consider carefully is far. Husband beyond consider carefully and drive Trojan, I fears the graph Qin Ye of Hunan. Husband content not element is provided, not OK Ying Cu, today Wu Anjun dies already, and the bank such as Zheng Anping, fine general is not had inside and outside much enemy state, I is with care. " be about to answer with drive Hou. Should Hou Ju, do not know what to give. Cai Ze hears, go to Qin Ye.
     
    Cai Ze person, swallow person also. You Xuegan is vassal small big very numerous, do not encounter. And from Tang Ju photograph, say: "I hears a gentleman photograph plum add, say ' 100 the country is held to grasp in day ' , have? " say: "Have. " say: "How about of the person that be like me? " Tang Ju whoes to inspect and laugh: "Gentleman how is nose, gigantic shoulder, Zuo colour, frown Zuo , genu contraction. I hears a wise man not, almost gentleman? " Cai Ze Zhitang cites show, say therefore: "Riches and honour has I oneself, birthday of I person that do not know also, hear formerly. " Tang Ju says: "The gentleman's birthday, from today before person 43 years old. " Cai Ze laugh withers and go, call its drive person say: "I holds fine grain to prick tine fertilizer, jump equestrian tantivy, those who conceive gold imprint, knot violet Shou at should, bow with hands clasped to let a person advocate before, feed fleshy riches and honour, 43 years sufficient. " the Zhao that go, see chase. Han, the Kingdom of Wei, encounter Wu Tu of the Ge that seize boiler. Wen Yinghou holds the post of Zheng Anping, Wang Ji to all lose felonious Wu Qin, should the feel ashamed inside Hou, cai Ze Naixi enters the Qin Dynasty.
     
    king seeing clear, make a person enunciative answer in order to feel angry Hou Yue: "Swallow guest Cai Ze, the world Xiong Junhong argue wisdom person also. Those sees Qin Wang, qin Wang strands gentleman surely and seize gentleman. " should Hou Wen, say: "5 emperor the thing of 3 generation, of a hunderd schools say, I knows already, the argue of numerous mouth, I all of break, be evil can you strand me and seize me? " make Cai Ze of person call together. Cai Ze is entered, bow with hands clasped to should. Should Hou Gu is unhappy, reach see, haughty again, should Hou Yin lets say: "Child taste enunciative be about to take the place of my photograph the Qin Dynasty, ning Youzhi? " to saying: "Like that. " should Hou Yue: "Hear its to say please. " Cai Ze says: "Why, the evening that Jun He sees also! The foreword of husband the four seasons, the person that succeed goes. The madam lays 100 put oneself in another's position firm , brothers is convenience, information is clever and heart emperor wisdom, of blame person former with? " should Hou Yue: "Like that. " Cai Ze says: "Qualitative Renbingyi, trade Shi De, achieve one's ambition falls at the day, the world conceives Le Jingai and of honour admire, all think formerly emperor, not of argue wisdom period with? " should Hou Yue: "Like that. " Cai Ze answer says: "Riches and honour shows flourish, into manage everythings on earth, make each is in his proper place; Life life is long, eventually its natural span of life and do not tender; The world afterwards its all, defend its course of study, those who pass is boundless; Renown fact is pure, lustre shed a thousand li, age age says and without absolutely, with heaven and earth eventually only then: is Fu Ersheng's person of morality alleged and lucky thing of be apt to person with? " should Hou Yue: "Like that. "Like that..
     
    Cai Ze says: "Be like the Shang Jun of husband the Qin Dynasty, the Wu Qi of Hunan, the doctor that jump over is planted, its suddenly Yi Keyuan and? " should Hou knows Cai Ze be about to strand oneself in order to say, answer erroneous says: "He Wei cannot? The thing filial piety of Yang of husband a surname is fair also, extremely do not have two Lv personally, all fair and disregard illicit; Set saber saw to crafty and evil in order to ban, as a result of letter rewards and punishments is treated; Wrap around true thoughts and feelings, the element that show sentiment, unconscious complain blame, bully old friend, seize Wei Gongzi , install Qin Sheji, benefit common people, soldier will be defeated for Qin Qin enemy, rejectingly a thousand li. Thing grieve Wang Ye of Wu Qi, make illicit must not kill fair, slander is not gotten my faithful, character does not take illicit sexual relations, do not take Gou Rong all right, do not go easily for danger, it is difficult that travel justice does not monarch, it is number one powerful nation like that, not demit disaster is fierce. The thing that the doctor plants jumps over Wang Ye, advocate although strand disgrace, all faithful and indissoluble, advocate although die absolutely, all can and not from, succeed and not pity, expensive rich and not arrogant idle. Be like this 3 child person, of solid justice to also, faithful section also. Hereat gentleman with justice die in an accident, face death unflinchingly; Unripe and disgrace is inferior to dead and flourish. Person inherent kill a body in order to become famous, although justice place, although do not have a hate to death. He Wei cannot? He Wei cannot??
     
    Cai Ze says: "Zhu Shengchen virtuous, the Cheng Fu of the world also; Jun Mingchen is straight, guo Zhifu also; Father Ci Zixiao, the husband believes wife chastity, domestic blessing also. Reason compares Gan Zhong and cannot put abundant, child Xu Zhi and cannot be over, explain give birth to filial piety and advance country is random. It is to all have dutiful son of official loyal to his sovereign, and the country destroys random person, he Ye? Without Ming Junxian father with listening, friend the world is disgrace with its gentleman father and pity its official in feudal times. Today the humanness official that Shang Jun, Wu Qi, doctor plants, be also; Its gentleman, blame also. Die says 3 child send result and disappear heart, doesn't admire encounter a world to die? The husband is waited for dead and after can stand faithful become famous, it is small child inadequacy benevolence, confucius is not worth emperor, inadequacy tubal second is big also. The madam's make contributions, not period Wu Chengquan evil? Body and renown completely person, go up also. Renown but law and body dead, next also. Renown in disgrace body is whole person, below also. " at it is to answer Hou Chenshan.
     
    Cai Ze is gotten less, because say: "Husband business gentleman, Wu Qi, doctor is planted, its are used up for person official faithful send result criterion but former, king of article of thing of Hong die young, zhou Gongfu becomes Wang Ye, not Yi Zhongsheng? Talk with Jun Chen, is Shang Jun, Wu Qi, doctor planted can its who formerly with Hong die young, Zhou Gongzai? " should Hou Yue: "Shang Jun, Wu Qi, doctor is planted if,not also. " Cai Ze says: "The Zhu Ciren Ren Zhong of gentleman ining that case, is thick old friend, its virtuous wisdom with what have person the lacquer that it is glue, justice not times hero, what and filial piety of the Qin Dynasty king of grieve of fair, Hunan, more king? " should Hou Yue: "Sealed how about also. " Cai Ze says: "Today advocate close official loyal to his sovereign, do not cross Qin Xiao king of grieve of fair, Hunan, more king, jun Zhi is set wisdom, can give priority to safety to repair politics, treat random soldier, batch suffer from it is difficult to fold, Er of extensive land breed, rich nation sufficient home, advocate, honour the god of the land and the god of the grain-the state, show ancestral temple of a ruling house, mo Gan bully makes the world its advocate, advocate within the country of power lid shake, result clear 10 thousand lis besides, reputation brightness passes Wu Qian age, does gentleman who to be planted with Shang Jun, Wu Qi, doctor? " should Hou Yue: "Do not be like. " Cai Ze says: "Today advocate close official loyal to his sovereign does not forget old friend is not like filial piety king of fair, grieve, sentence carry out, and contribution love letter of gentleman Is hope to not be like Shang Jun, Wu Qi, doctor to plant again in person, however gentleman's Lu Weigui is filled, of illicit home rich cross Wu Sanzi, and the person that do not retreat personally, fear sufferring from very Wu Sanzi, steal those who be Jun Wei. Language say ' noon to move, the month has a deficit completely ' . Content Cheng Zecui, the constant of heaven and earth also. Advance and retreat is filled with shrink, with when change, constant path of the sage also. Reason ' state-owned path criterion be an official, the country does not have a concealed ' . The sage says ' flying Long Zaitian, benefit sees adult ' . ' disloyal and rich and expensive, be like cloud drift at me ' . Today Jun Zhi is complained already Chou and heart already signed up for, appetent come, and without change plan, steal do not take for gentleman also. Ju Fucui, swan, rhinoceros, elephant, blame of its place situation is not far dead also, and so the dead, be puzzled at bait also. Su Qin, Zhi Baizhi wisdom, blame can't monarch disgrace is far dead also, and so the dead, be puzzled at corrupt benefit more than also. Be make ceremony desire with the sage, take Wu Min to have degree, those who make with when, those who use have stop, reason annals not excessive, row not arrogant, constant with path all do not break, friend the world bear and incessant. Former times Zhe Qihuan is fair 9 close vassal, save the world, to Wu Kui Qiu Zhi is met, have self-importanting keep in mind, bank person 9 countries. Inapproachable Wu Tian plays Wu Wangfu poor one of the pieces in Chinese chess, brave with light vassal, hill neat advance, friend loses with killing a body then country. Xia Yo, too history Chi breathes out be astonished army, die personally however Wu Yong's husband. This all is multiplied come to fill and do not return a sense, do not reside low to retreat what place frugal makes an appointment with to suffer from also. Husband business gentleman is law of Xiao Gongming of the Qin Dynasty, ban evil this, honour the rank of nobility is admired surely, guilty punish surely, make the same score balance, magnanimity, tone weight, break with crisscross footpaths between fields, the course of study with Jing Shengmin and one its common, persuade civilian agrarian farming benefit earth, one room does not have 2 things, force cropland Er is accumulated, thing of Chen Zhi of battle of be used to, be with arms move and the land is extensive, arms rest and the nation is rich, reason the Qin Dynasty falls at the day invincibly, stand power vassal, become the line of business of country of the Qin Dynasty. Result already was become, and then with tearing a person asunder by five carts. Hunan place counts a thousand li, hold halberd 1 million, bai Qi rate counts division with with Chu Zhan, one battle lifts Yan Ying to smooth in order to burn hill, again south battle and the kingdom of Shu Han. Jump over Zhao of Han, Wei Ergong again, boreal Zuo horse is taken, kill massacre 40 Yu ten thousand numerous, under the Yu Changping that use up, bleed Cheng Chuan, boil sound is like thunder, be seleted Han Dan then, make the Qin Dynasty has job of the Supreme Being. The country below Hunan, Zhao Tian and the Philistine of the Qin Dynasty also, the after of naturally, hunan, Zhao all be awed bend over dare not attack Qin Zhe, baiqi's situation also. The person that body place is taken 70 Yu city, result already was become, and grant sword dead Wu Du to mail then. Wu Qi is legislation of Hunan grieve king, low decreases chancellery power heavy, stop incompetent, abandon no use, the official with not annoyed caustic, of door of illicit of a place of strategic importance please, the common of one Hunan country, stand a tourist civilian, of energy agrarian fight person, yang Yue closes south, north and old, Cai, broken horizontal stroke comes loose from, make gallop say person open its mouth without place, ban clique with encourage common people, of the country that decide Hunan politics, arms shake the world, power take vassal. Result already was become, and soldier dismemberment. The doctor is planted seek to jump over Wang Shen far plan, avoid the danger of meeting check, it is in order to die put, because disgrace is flourish, cultivate grass enters city, monarchingly breed Er , lead all directions person, the force that fluctuates only, complementary sentence of carry out virtuous, sign up for the husband's poor Chou, soldier catchs interest. Make be jumped over bully. Result already clear and letter, sentence carry out is lost eventually and kill. This 4 child person, result into do not go, disaster comes at this. This is alleged believe and cannot Qu, the person that go to and cannot return also. Fan Li knows, detached monarch world, the long Chang that it is contented is fair. The person that doesn't gentleman watch husband rich alone? Or be about to cast greatly, or be about to divide result, this all Jun Zhi is known perfectly well also. Today Jun Xiangqin, plan no less than banquet, do not plan temple fair giving corridor, sit make vassal, benefit Shi Sanchuan, with solid appropriate this world, definitely Yang Chang's danger, a place of strategic importance too the path of travel, behead model, medium the besmear of travel, 6 countries must not close from, a thousand li of a plank road built along a cliff, connect Wu Shuhan, make the world all Wei the Qin Dynasty, qin Zhi is about to get, jun Zhigong extremely, the branch meritorious service of this Yi Qin when also. So and do not retreat, criterion Shang Jun, white fair, Wu Qi, doctor is planted is also. I hears, ' Wu Shui of ancient bronze mirror person meeting look, wu Ren of ancient bronze mirror person know auspicious and fierce ' . The book says ' under the success, cannot long place ' . 4 child disaster, does Jun He reside Yan? Jun He does not imprint with returning right now, let virtuous person and award, retreat and cliff lives plain concept, have Bai Yi's cheap surely, long to answer Hou. Age age says Gu, and the Xu You, Ji Zizhi that delay hill lets, qiao Song's birthday, what and with disaster eventually? Namely does Jun He reside Yan? Bear cannot leave oneself, doubt cannot self-determination, surely Yousizi's disaster. Yi Yue ' Kang Long has regret ' , this character go up and cannot fall, believe and cannot Qu, the person that go to and cannot return oneself also. Yuan Jun whoes plan! " should Hou Yue: "Be apt to. I is heard ' desire and do not know, break its so desire; Have and do not know, break its to have so ' . Gentleman favour teachs, sui is respected recieve orders. ' at it is to be delayed therefore sit, for load.
     
    After counts day, enter day, character says at king of clear of the Qin Dynasty: "The guest has newly say from Shandong arrival Cai Ze, its person argue person, the thing of Ming Wusan king, 5 Bai Zhi course of study, change after the flesh, enough sends Qin Guozhi politics. Of official see the person is very numerous, not reach, I are inferior to also. Official dare in order to hear. " call in of king of clear of the Qin Dynasty, with language, say greatly, do obeisance to to a person from one feudal state serving in the court of another. Should Hou imprints because of thanking disease to return please. Hou answers since clear king , ying Housui says to be critically ill. Fan Sui is avoided, clear king says Cai Ze plan is drawn newly, do obeisance to the photograph that it is the Qin Dynasty then, week of chamber controls east.
     
    A few months of the Qin Dynasty of Cai lustre photograph, person or evil, dread kill, thank disease to return to imprint therefore, date becomes supreme ruler for key link. Reside Qin Shiyu year, king of thing clear king, filial piety article, bank help king. End accident only then emperor, make for the Qin Dynasty Wu Yan, 3 years and swallow makes prince red enters qualitative Wu Qin.
     
    Too history fair say: Han Zi says " dance of long sleeve be apt to, much Qian Shangu " , letter it is character also! World of Fan Sui, Cai lustre is alleged all argue person, like that go canvassing is vassal to white a person that encounter without place, be not the clumsy of stratagem, be say power is little also. Reach brigade of 2 people bridle to enter the Qin Dynasty, afterwards heel takes Qing Xiang, hang down the person that result Wu Tian falls, the situation different with solid weak also. Like that person also have coincidence, virtuous person much sucher 2 child, must not use up meaning, can be gotten the better of! Like that 2 child not tired , evil can be you stimulated?
     
    Should Hou Shi is tired, Zhu carries and on the west, say travel plan stands, gui Pingchong check. Lean on Zhao of city of the Qin Dynasty, soldier signs up for Wei Qi. Key link becomes argue wisdom, fan Sui action is carried. Ritzy bend is seized, one character becomes footpath.
     
     
  • 附件列表


    0

    词条内容仅供参考,如果您需要解决具体问题
    (尤其在法律、医学等领域),建议您咨询相关领域专业人士。

    如果您认为本词条还有待完善,请 编辑

    上一篇 弟子行_孔子家语    下一篇 仲尼篇第七_荀子

    同义词

    暂无同义词