1
国学百科  > 所属分类  >  史部   
[0] 评论[0] 编辑

孟子(告子章句上)_诗

  告子曰:「性,犹杞柳也,义,犹桮棬也;以人性为仁义,犹以杞柳为桮棬。」

 
  孟子曰:「子能顺杞柳之性而以为桮棬乎?将戕贼杞柳而后以桮棬也?如将戕贼杞柳而以为桮棬,则亦将戕贼人以为仁义与?率天下之人而祸仁义者,必子之言夫!」
 
  告子曰:「性犹湍水也,决诸东方则东流,决诸西方则西流。人性之无分于善不善也,犹水之无分于东西也。」
 
  孟子曰:「水信无分于东西,无分于上下乎?人性之善也,犹水之就下也。人无有不善,水无有不下。今夫水,搏而跃之,可使过颡;激而行之,可使在山。是岂水之性哉?其势则然也。人之可使为不善,其性亦犹是也。」
 
  告子曰:「生之谓性。」
 
  孟子曰:「生之谓性也,犹白之谓白与?」
 
  曰:「然。」
 
  「白羽之白也,犹白雪之白,白雪之白犹白玉之白欤?」
 
  曰:「然。」
 
  「然则犬之性犹牛之性,牛之性犹人之性与?」
 
  告子曰:「食色,性也。仁,内也,非外也;义,外也,非内也。」
 
  孟子曰:「何以谓仁内义外也?」
 
  曰:「彼长而我长之,非有长于我也;犹彼白而我白之,从其白于外也,故谓之外也。」
 
  曰:「异于白马之白也,无以异于白人之白也;不识长马之长也,无以异于长人之长欤?且谓长者义乎?长之者义乎?」
 
  曰:「吾弟则爱之,秦人之弟则不爱也,是以我为悦者也,故谓之内。长楚人之长,亦长吾之长,是以长为悦者也,故谓之外也。」
 
  曰:「耆秦人之炙,无以异于耆吾炙,夫物则亦有然者也,然则耆炙亦有外与?」
 
  孟季子问公都子曰:「何以谓义内也?」
 
  曰:「行吾敬,故谓之内也。」
 
  「乡人长于伯兄一岁,则谁敬?」
 
  曰:「敬兄。」
 
  「酌则谁先?」
 
  曰:「先酌乡人。」
 
  「所敬在此,所长在彼,果在外,非由内也。」
 
  公都子不能答,以告孟子。
 
  孟子曰:「敬叔父乎?敬弟乎?彼将曰:『敬叔父。』曰:『弟为尸,则谁敬?』彼将曰:『敬弟。』子曰:『恶在基敬叔父也?』彼将曰:『在位故也。」子亦曰:『在位故也。庸敬在兄,斯须之敬在乡人。』」
 
  季子闻之,曰:「敬叔父则敬,敬弟则敬,果在外,非由内也。」
 
  公都子曰:「冬日则饮汤,夏日则饮水,然则饮食亦在外也?」
 
  公都子曰:告子曰:『性无善无不善也。』或曰:『性可以为善,可以为不善;是故文武兴,则民好善;幽厉兴,则民好暴。』或曰:『有性善,有性不善;是故以尧为君而有象;以瞽瞍为父而有舜;以纣为兄之子,且以为君,而不微子启、王子比干。』今曰:『性善』,然则彼皆非欤?」
 
  孟子曰:「乃若其情,则可以为善矣,乃所谓善也。若夫为不善,非才之罪也。恻隐之心,人皆有之;羞恶之心,人皆有之;恭敬之心,人皆有之;是非之心,人皆有之。恻隐之心,仁也;羞恶之心,义也;恭敬之心,礼也;是非之心,智也。仁义礼智,非由外铄我也,我固有之也,弗思耳矣。故曰,『求则得之,舍则失之。』或相倍蓰而无算者,不能尽其才者也。《诗》曰:『天生蒸民,有物有则。民之秉彝,好是懿德。』孔子曰:『为此诗者,其知道乎!故有物必则;民之秉彝也,好是懿德。」
 
  孟子曰:「富岁,子弟多赖;凶岁,子弟多暴,非天之降才尔殊也,其所以陷溺其心者然也。今夫麰麦,播种而櫌之,其地同,树之时又同,浡然而生,至于日至之时,皆孰矣。虽有不同,则地有肥硗,雨露之养、人事之不齐也。故凡同类者,举相似也,何独至于人而疑之?圣人,与我同类者。故龙子曰:『不知足而为屦,我知其不为蒉也。』屦之相似,天下之足同也。口之于味,有同耆也;易牙先得我口之所耆者也。如使口之于味也,其性与人殊,若犬马之与我不同类也,则天下何耆皆从易牙之于味也?至于味,天下期于易牙,是天下之口相似也。惟耳亦然。至于声,天下期于师旷,是天下之耳相似也。惟目亦然。至于子都,天下莫不知其姣也。不知子都之姣者,无目者也。故曰,口之于味也,有同耆焉;耳之于声也,有同听焉;目之于色也,有同美焉,至于心,独无所同然乎?心之所同然者何也?谓理也,义也。圣人先得我心之所同然耳。故理义之悦我心,犹刍豢之悦我口。」
 
  孟子曰:「牛山之木尝美矣,以其郊于大国也,斧斤伐之,可以为美乎?是其日夜之所息,雨露之所润,非无萌薛之生焉,牛羊又从而牧之,是以若彼濯濯也。人见其濯濯也,以为未尝有材焉,此岂山之性也哉?虽存乎人者,岂无仁义之心哉?其所以放其良心者,亦犹斧斤之于木也,旦旦而伐之,可以为美乎?其日夜之所息,平旦之气,其好恶与人相近也者几希,则其旦昼之所为,有梏亡之矣。梏之反覆,则其夜气不足以存;夜气不足以存,则其违禽兽不远矣。人见其禽兽也,而以为未尝有才焉者,是岂人之情也哉?故苟得其养,无物不长;苟失其养,无物不消。孔子曰:『操则存,舍则亡;出入无时,莫知其乡。』惟心之谓与?」
 
  孟子曰:「无或乎王之不智也。虽有天下易生之物也,一日暴之,十日寒之,未有能生者也。吾见亦罕矣,吾退而寒之者至矣,吾如有萌焉何哉?今夫弈之为数,小数也;不专心致志,则不得也。弈秋,通国之善弈者也。使弈秋诲二人弈,其一人专心致志,惟弈秋之为听。一人虽听之,一心以为有鸿鹄将至,思援弓缴而射之,虽与之俱学,弗若之矣,为是其智弗若与?曰:非然也。」
 
  孟子曰:「鱼,我所欲也,熊掌亦我所欲也;二者不可得兼,舍鱼而取熊掌者也。生亦我所欲也,义亦我所欲也;二者不可得兼,舍生而取义者也。生亦我所欲,所欲有甚于生者,故不为苟得也;死亦我所恶,所恶有甚于死者,故患有所不辟也。如使人之所欲莫甚于生,则凡可以得生者,何不用也?使人之所恶莫甚于死者,则凡可以辟患者,何不为也?由是则生而有不用也,由是则可以辟患而有不为也,是故所欲有甚于生者,所恶有甚于死者。非独贤才有是心也,人皆有之,贤者能勿丧耳。一箪食,一豆羹,得之则生,弗得则死,□虖尔而与之,行道之人弗受;蹴尔而与之,乞人不屑也;万钟不辩礼义而受之。万钟于我何加焉?为宫室之美、妻妾之奉、所识穷乏者得我与?乡为身死而不受,今为宫室之美为之;乡为身死而不受,今为妻妾之奉为之;乡为身死而不受,今为所识穷乏者得我而为之,是亦不可以已乎?此之谓失其本心。」
 
  孟子曰:「仁,人心也;义,人路也。舍其路而弗由,放其心而不知求,哀哉!人有鸡犬放,则知求之;有放心而不知求。学问之道无他,求其放心而已矣。」
 
  孟子曰:「今有无名之指屈而不信,非疾痛害事也,如有能信之者,同不远秦楚之路,为指之不若人也。指不若人,则知恶之;心不若人,则不知恶,此之谓不知类也。」
 
  孟子曰:「拱把之桐梓,人苟欲生之,皆知所以养之者。至于身,而不知所以养之者,岂爱身不若桐梓哉?弗思甚也。」
 
  孟子曰:「人之于身也,兼所受。兼所爱。,则兼所养也。无尺寸之肤不爱焉,则无尽寸之肤不养也。所以考其善不善者,岂有他哉?于己取之而已矣。体有贵贱,有小大。无以小害大,无以贱害贵。养其小者为小人,养其大者为大人。今有场师,舍其梧檟,状其樲棘,则为贱场师焉。养其一指而失其肩背,而不知也,则为狼疾人也。饮食之人,则人贱之矣,为其养小以失大也。饮食之人无有失也,则口腹岂适为尺寸之肤哉?」
 
  公都子问曰:「钧是人也,或为大人,或为小人,何也?」
 
  孟子曰:「从其大体为大人,从其小体为小人。」
 
  曰:「钧是人也,或从其大体,或从其小体,何也?」
 
  曰:「耳目之官不思,而蔽于物。物交物,则引之而已矣。心之官则思,思则得之,不思则不得也。此天之所与我者。先立乎其大者,则其小者不能夺也。此为大人而已矣。
 
  孟子曰:「有天爵者,有人爵者。仁义忠信,乐善不倦,此天爵也;公卿大夫,此人爵也。古之人修其天爵,而人爵从之。今之人修其天爵,以要人爵;即得人爵,而弃其天爵,则惑之甚者也,终亦必亡而已矣。」
 
  孟子曰:「欲贵者,人之同心也。人人有贵于己者,弗思耳矣。人之所贵者,非良贵也。赵孟之所贵,赵孟能贱之。《诗》云:『既醉以酒,既饱以德。』言饱乎仁义也,所以不愿人之膏粱之味也;令闻广誉施于身,所以不愿人之文绣也。」
 
  孟子曰:「仁之胜不仁也,犹水之胜火。今之为仁者,犹以一杯水救一车薪之火也;不熄,则谓之水不胜火,此又与于不仁之甚者也,亦终必亡而已矣。」
 
  孟子曰:「五谷者,种之美者也;苟为不熟,不如荑稗。夫仁,亦在乎熟之而已矣。」
 
  孟子曰:「羿之教人射,必志于彀;学者亦必志于彀。大匠诲人必以规矩,学者亦必以规矩。」
 

  • New Sinology Title:
    Mencius (accuse child on chapters) _ poem

    New Sinology Chapter:
    Mencius (accuse child on chapters)

    New Sinology BookName:
    Poem

    New Sinology Catalog:
    Classics department

    New Sinology Content:

    Accuse child say: " quality, you Qiliu also, justice, still also; It is Ren Yi with human nature, still be with a surname willow. "

     
    The Mencius says: " child can you arrange sex of a surname Liu Zhi and think ? willow of injure a surname after that with also? If think willow of injure a surname , also think injure person Ren Yi and? Lead the person of the world and disaster Ren Yi person, surely child Yan Fu! "
     
    Accuse child say: " the gender still rapids water also, definitely all east criterion east flow, definitely all wests flow on the west. Of human nature without cent at be apt to also, you Shuizhi does not have cent at the thing also. "
     
    The Mencius says: " water letter does not have cent at the thing, fall at going up without cent? Human be apt to also, you Shuizhi falls also. The person is not had have not to be pooh-poohed, water is not had have no less than. Today husband water, wrestle and those who jump, can have made forehead; Stimulate and go, can make be in hill. Be the sex of water? Its situation criterion like that also. Of the person can make be not to be pooh-poohed, its sex still also is also. "
     
    Accuse child say: " call unripely quality. "
     
    The Mencius says: " call unripely quality also, does You Baizhi call white with? "
     
    Say: " like that. "
     
    " Bai Yu's Bai Ye, of You Baixue white, the Bai Yu of white You Baiyu of Baixue? "
     
    Say: " like that. "
     
    " the sex of the sexual You Niu of dog ining that case, arrogant sex still the person's sex and? "
     
    Accuse child say: " feed color, quality also. Benevolence, inside also, outside blame also; Justice, outside also, inside blame also. "
     
    The Mencius says: " why to call outside Renneiyi also? "
     
    Say: " the other party is chief and I am long, blame have long at me also; Still the other party is white and I am white, from its white at outside also, friend says besides also. "
     
    Say: " the Bai Ye of horse of different Yu Bai, without the Bai Ye with different Yu Bai's person; What do not know long horse is long also, without the long Yu with different Yu Changren? And call better justice? Long person justice? "
     
    Say: " my younger brother love, qin Ren's younger brother does not love also, it is the person that it is Yue with me also, friend says in. Long Chu Renzhi is long, yi Changwu's length, it is the person that it is Yue with growing also, friend says besides also. "
     
    Say: " the broil of person of the Qin Dynasty of over sixty years of age, without with different Yu Qiwu roasts meat, husband content also has like that person also, does broil of over sixty years of age ining that case also have outside with? "
     
    Ji Zi of the first month asks fair child say: " why to call justice inside also? "
     
    Say: " Hang Wujing, friend says in also. "
     
    " countryside person grows Yu Baixiong one year old, criterion who is respected? "
     
    Say: " respect elder brother. "
     
    " drink criterion who first? "
     
    Say: " drink first countryside person. "
     
    " be respected here, the strong point is in those, fruit is outer, blame by inside also. "
     
    Fair child cannot answer, in order to accuse a Mencius.
     
    The Mencius says: " Jing Shufu? Jing Di? Those will say: "Jing Shufu. " say: "Younger brother is cadaver, criterion who is respected? " those will say: "Jing Di. " child say: "Evil be in base Jing Shufu also? " those will say: "Reason of v/arc be on the throne also. " child Yi Yue: "Reason of v/arc be on the throne also. Commonplace is respected in elder brother, this Xu Zhijing is in countryside person. " "
     
    Of Ji Ziwen, say: " Jing Shufu is respected, jing Di is respected, fruit is outer, blame by inside also. "
     
    Fair child say: " wintry day criterion water boiling water, summer waters, food ining that case also outer also? "
     
    Fair child say: Accuse child say: "The gender does not have not to be pooh-poohed without be apt to also. " or say: "The gender can be be apt to, can be not to be pooh-poohed; Hereat civil and military is promoted, criterion civilian good kind; Deep and remote Li Xing, criterion civilian very cruel. " or say: "Sexual be apt to, sexual not to be pooh-poohed; Hereat has an elephant with Yao Weijun; In order to blind Sou has Shun for father; Be elder brother with name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant child, and think gentleman, and not small child open, prince comparing is dry. " say today: "Sexual be apt to " , is those ining that case all not Yu? "
     
    The Mencius says: " be like its affection therefore, can be be apt to, it is alleged be apt to also. If the husband is not to be pooh-poohed, the blame that is not ability also. The heart of compassion, the person all has; The heart with evil be ashamed, the person all has; Deferential heart, the person all has; The heart of dispute, the person all has. The heart of compassion, benevolence also; The heart with evil be ashamed, justice also; Deferential heart, ceremony also; The heart of dispute, wisdom also. Ren Yili wisdom, blame by outside melt me also, I am inherent also, not think of ear. Friend says, "Beg what get, abandon what break. " or times Xi and without the person that calculate, cannot use up its just person also. " poem " say: "Inherent evaporate civilian, have content criterion. Civilian grasping Yi, it is exemplarying heart very. " Confucius says: "The person that it is this poem, its know! Reason has content to need criterion; Civilian grasping Yi also, it is exemplarying heart very. "
     
    The Mencius says: " rich year old, children goes back on his word more; Fierce year old, children is much crueler, be not a day fall ability Er different also, its so defect be addicted to its heart person like that also. Today husband Zuo wheat, sow and of , its ground is the same as, tree when be the same as again, is born however, come as to day when, all who. Although have,differ, have fat Qiao, of bounty raise, of human affairs not Qi Ye. Friend this mortal world is congener person, lift likeness also, he Du of as to the person doubt? Sage, as congener as me person. Reason Long Zi says: "Insatiable and for Ju, I know my to not be Kui also. " the likeness of Ju, of the world sufficient with also. Of the mouth at flavour, have with over sixty years of age also; The person that easy tooth gets the place over sixty years of age of my mouth first also. If make of the mouth at flavour also, its sex and person different, the Ma Zhi that be like a dog and I am different kind also, criterion the world He Qijie from easy tooth at flavour also? As to flavour, tooth of Yu Yi of the world period, the opening that is the world is similar also. Alone ear Yi Ran. As to sound, yu Shikuang of the world period, the ear that is the world is similar also. Alone eye Yi Ran. As to child, the world there's no one who doesn't or isn't knows his to handsome also. Do not know child Dou Zhijiao person, the person that do not have eye also. Friend says, of the mouth at flavour also, have Tong Qiyan; The Yu Sheng of ear also, have listen to Yan together; Of eye at color also, have the Yan that be the same as the United States, as to the heart, be the same as without place alone like that? The place of the heart is the same as like that person He Ye? Call manage also, justice also. The place that the sage gets my heart first is the same as like that ear. Friend manages justice Yue my heart, the Yue of You Chu Huan my mouth. "
     
    The Mencius says: " Niu Shan's Mu Changmei, with its outskirt Yu Daguo also, axe jin of cut down, can you be the United States? It is its day and night be ceased, the place embellish of bounty, be not the Xuezhi that do not have bud to give birth to Yan, flocks and herds thereby of herd, it is with be like those bares also. The person sees its bare also, think have not have material Yan, this the sex of hill also? Although put person person, do not have Ren Yizhi heart? The person that its put its conscience so, also You Fu jin Yu Mu also, dawn dawns and of cut down, can you be the United States? Its day and night be ceased, make the same score the gas of dawn, its likes and dislikes and person close also person a few rare, criterion its dawn the place of day is, have what wooden handcuffs dies. Of wooden handcuffs turn over Fu, criterion its night energy of life can't be put; Nocturnal energy of life can't be put, criterion its violate birds and beasts not far. The person sees its birds and beasts also, and think the person that have not have ability Yan, be the person's affection also? Reason ifs so that its raise, do not grow without content; Careless breaks his to raise, without content not disappear. Confucius says: "Hold put, abandon die; When discrepancy is not had, not know its native place. " of alone heart call with? "
     
    The Mencius says: " not have or the impolicy of king also. Although have day of thing that leaves Yisheng also, a day cruel, 10 days cold, have no the person that can be born also. I sees Yi Han, I is retreated and cold person come, if I has bud Yan Hezai? Today the amount to that the husband goes, fraction also; Not wholeheartedly, do not get also. Play chess autumn, the person that the kind that knows a state goes also. Make weichi Qiu Hui 2 people go, one of people wholeheartedly, qiu Zhi of alone play chess is listen. Although one person listens, of one mind thinks swan having letter will come, consider aid bend pay and shoot, although to it all learns, if,not, is be its Zhi Fure and? Say: Blame like that also. "
     
    The Mencius says: " fish, my place desire also, bear's paw also my place desire also; Both cannot be gotten hold <> concurrently, the person that abandon a fish and take bear's paw also. Unripe also my place desire also, justice also my place desire also; Both cannot be gotten hold <> concurrently, abandon be born and take justice person also. Unripe also my place desire, place is about to have very at be born person, reason is not Gou Deye; Dead also my place is evil, place is evil have very at the dead, reason suffers from do not monarch somewhat also. If make the person's place desire not very at be born, it is OK to altogether the person that must be born, why need not also? Make the person's place evil not very at the dead, it is OK to altogether monarch patient, why be also? By be be born and have need not also, by it is OK monarch suffers from and have do not be also, hereat place is about to have very at be born person, place is evil have very at the dead. Not merely virtuous ability has is a heart also, the person all has, virtuous person can not funeral ear. A bamboo utensil for holding cooked rice feed, one beans a thick soup, those who get is unripe, not to death, □ Ta Er and to it, the person of trade nots suffer; Kick Er and to it, beg person distains also; 10 thousand bells not argue ceremony justice and suffer. Do 10 thousand bells add Yan at my why? Of the beauty of the room that be palace, wife concubine act according to, is the person that what know poor lack gotten I and? Countryside dies for the body and do not suffer, the beauty that is palace room today does it; Countryside dies for the body and do not suffer, be wife concubine today act according to for it; Countryside dies for the body and do not suffer, the person that know poor lack for place today gets me and do it, be also not OK already? This call break its this heart. "
     
    The Mencius says: " benevolence, popular feeling also; Justice, person journey also. Shed its route and not by, put its heart and do not know to beg, ai Zai! The person has gallinaceous dog to put, know to beg; Have be at ease and do not know to beg. The path of knowledge does not have him, beg its to be at ease just. "
     
    The Mencius says: " have today point to anonymously bend and do not believe, blame disease is painful feel a responsibility also, be like the person that have what can believe, be the same as the road of not far Qin Chu, to point to do not be like a person also. Point to do not be like a person, know evil; The heart is not like a person, do not know evil, this call not to know kind also. "
     
    The Mencius says: " arch tung catalpa, person careless is about to be born, the person that all know what raise so. As to the body, and the person that do not know what raise so, love to not be like tung catalpa personally? Not think of very also. "
     
    The Mencius says: " of the person at the body also, hold place concurrently to suffer. Hold a love concurrently. , hold place concurrently to raise also. The skin that does not have dimension does not love Yan, endless Cun Zhifu is not raised also. The person that take an examination of its be apt to so, have him? At oneself those who take just. Body has gentle and simple, have small big. Without with small kill big, without kill with cheap expensive. Raise its small person for Lilliputian, raise its big person for adult. Have a division today, abandon its Wu , shape its thorn, it is Yan of cheap field division. Raise one of pointing to and break its shoulder back, and do not know also, it is wolf disease person also. Dietary person, criterion of person cheap, raise for its small in order to break big also. Dietary person is not had have break also, criterion food comfortable the skin that is dimension? "
     
    Fair child ask: " your it is a person also, or for adult, or for Lilliputian, he Ye? "
     
    The Mencius says: " it is adult roughly from its, from its small system is Lilliputian. "
     
    Say: " your it is a person also, or from its cardinal principle, or from its small system, he Ye? "
     
    Say: " the official of information is not thought of, and my at content. Content makes thing, bring just. The Guan Zesai of the heart, think of what get, do not think of do not get also. Place of this day and me person. Stand first its are big person, criterion its are small person cannot seize also. This is adult just.
     
    The Mencius says: " one day the rank of nobility person, somebody the rank of nobility person. Ren Yizhong is believed, tireless of happy be apt to, this day of the rank of nobility also; Fair dear doctor, this person the rank of nobility also. Ancient person repairs its day the rank of nobility, and person the rank of nobility from. Today the person repairs its day the rank of nobility, with VIP the rank of nobility; Get person an ancient win vessel with three legs and a loop handle namely, and abandon its day the rank of nobility, also die surely eventually just. "
     
    The Mencius says: " desire expensive person, of the person homocentric also. Everybody has expensive at oneself person, not think of ear. The person's place is expensive person, blame good people is expensive also. Zhaomeng's place is expensive, of cheap of Zhao Meng Neng. " poem " the cloud: "Already drunk with wine, already full with heart. " talk is full Ren Yi also, do not wish so the flavour of the person's fat meat and fine grain also; Your Wen Anyu is applied at the body, do not wish so article embroider of the person also. "
     
    The Mencius says: " Ren Zhisheng heartless also, you Shuizhi gets the better of fire. Today for benevolence person, the fire that still saves one car fuel with a cup of water also; Not extinguish, the water that calls deeply fire, this with at heartless very person also, also die surely eventually just. "
     
    The Mencius says: " food crops person, planted beauty person also; Gou Wei is not ripe, be inferior to barnyard grass clearing the fields of weeds. Husband benevolence, also care ripe just. "
     
    The Mencius says: " Yi Zhi teachs a person to shoot, surely annals at a bow drawn to the full; Scholastic Yi Bizhi at a bow drawn to the full. Person of big artisan instruct needs with custom, the scholar also needs with custom. "
     
  • 附件列表


    0

    词条内容仅供参考,如果您需要解决具体问题
    (尤其在法律、医学等领域),建议您咨询相关领域专业人士。

    如果您认为本词条还有待完善,请 编辑

    上一篇 周书•周官--君陈_尚书    下一篇 孟子(万章章句上)_诗

    同义词

    暂无同义词