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屈节解_孔子家语

章节: 屈节解
书名: 孔子家语
类目: 子部
原作者:
朝代:
写作年代: 约公元前-321年  至  公元后882年
视频: 屈节解_孔子家语
音频: 屈节解_孔子家语
新国学:
  子路問於孔子曰:「由聞丈夫居世,富貴不能有益於物,處貧賤之地,而不能屈節以求伸,則不足以論乎人之域矣.」孔子曰:「君子之行己,期於必達於己.可以屈則屈,可以伸則伸.故屈節者,所以有待,求伸者,所以及時.是以雖受屈而不毀其節,志達而不犯於義.」孔子在衛,聞齊國田常將欲為亂,而憚鮑晏,因欲移其兵以伐魯.孔子會諸弟子而告之曰:「魯父母之國,不可不救,不忍視其受敵,今吾欲屈節於田常以救魯,二三子誰為使?」於是子路曰:「請往齊.」孔子弗許.子張請徃,又弗許.子石請徃,又弗許.三子退謂子貢曰:「今夫子欲屈節以救父母之國,吾三人請使而不獲徃,此則吾子用辯之時也,吾子盍請行焉?」子貢請使,夫子許之.遂如齊,說田常曰:「今子欲收功於魯實難,不若移兵於吳則易.」田常不悅,子貢曰:「夫憂在內者攻強,憂在外者攻弱,吾聞子三封而三不成,是則大臣不聽令,戰勝以驕主,破國以尊臣,而子之功不與焉,則交日疏於主,而與大臣爭,如此則子之位危矣.」田常曰:「善,然兵甲已加魯矣,不可更,如何?」子貢曰:「緩師,吾請於吳,令救魯而伐齊,子因以兵迎之.」田常許諾.子貢遂南說吳王曰:「王者不滅國,霸者無強敵,千鈞之重,加銖兩而移,今以齊國而私千乘之魯,與吾爭強,甚為王患之.且夫救魯以顯名,以撫泗上諸侯,誅暴齊以服晉,利莫大焉,名存亡魯,實困強齊,智者不疑.」吳王曰:「善,然吳常困越,越王今苦身養士,有報吳之心,子待我先越,然後乃可.」子貢曰:「越之勁不過魯,吳之彊不過齊,而王置齊而伐越,則齊必私魯矣,王方以存亡繼絕之名,棄齊而伐小越,非勇也,勇而不計難,仁者不窮約,智者不失時,義者不絕世,今存越示天下以仁,救魯伐齊,威加晉國,諸侯必相率而朝,霸業盛矣.且王必惡越,臣請見越君,令出兵以從,此則實害越而名從諸侯以伐齊.」吳王悅,乃遣子貢之越.越王郊迎,而自為子貢御,曰:「此蠻夷之國,大夫何足儼然辱而臨之?」子貢曰:「今者吾說吳王以救魯伐齊,其志欲之,而心畏越,曰:『待我伐越而後可,則破越必矣.』且無報人之志,而令人疑之,拙矣,有報人之意,而使人知之,殆乎,事未發而先聞者,危矣,三者舉事之患矣.」勾踐頓首曰:「孤嘗不料力,而興吳難,受困會稽,痛於骨髓,日夜焦脣乾舌,徒欲與吳王接踵而死,孤之願也,今大夫幸告以利害.」子貢曰:「吳王為人猛暴,群臣不堪,國家疲弊,百姓怨上,大臣內變,申胥以諫死,大宰嚭用事,此則報吳之時也.王誠能發卒佐之,以邀射其志,而重寶以悅其心,卑辭以尊其禮,則其伐齊必矣,此聖人所謂屈節求其達者也.彼戰不勝王之福,若勝,則必以兵臨晉,臣還北請見晉君共攻之,其弱吳必矣.銳兵盡於齊,重甲困於晉,而王制其弊焉.」越王頓首,許諾.子貢返五日,越使大夫文種,頓首言於吳王曰:「越悉境內之士三千人以事吳.」吳王告子貢曰:「越王欲身從寡人,可乎?」子貢曰:「悉人之率眾,又從其君,非義也.」吳王乃受越王卒,謝留勾踐.遂自發國內之兵以伐齊,敗之.子貢遂北見晉君,令承其弊,吳晉遂遇於黃池,越王襲吳之國,吳王歸與越戰,滅焉.孔子曰:「夫其亂齊存魯,吾之始願,若能強晉以弊吳,使吳亡而越霸者,賜之說之也.美言傷信,慎言哉.」

 
  孔子弟子有宓子賤者,仕於魯為單父宰,恐魯君聽讒言,使己不得行其政,於是辭行,故請君之近史二人與之俱至官,宓子戒其邑吏,令二史書,方書輒掣其肘,書不善,則從而怒之,二史患之,辭請歸魯.宓子曰:「子之書甚不善,子勉而歸矣.」二史歸報於君曰:「宓子使臣書而掣肘,書惡而又怒臣,邑吏皆笑之,此臣所以去之而來也.」魯君以問孔子.子曰:「宓不齊,君子也,其才任霸王之佐,屈節治單父,將以自試也,意者以此為諫乎?」公寤,太息而歎曰:「此寡人之不肖,寡人亂宓子之政,而責其善者,非矣,微二史,寡人無以知其過,微夫子,寡人無以自寤.」遽發所愛之使告宓子曰:「自今已徃,單父非吾有也,從子之制,有便於民者,子決為之,五年一言其要.」宓子敬奉詔,遂得行其政,於是單父治焉.躬敦厚,明親親,尚篤敬,施至仁,加懇誠,致忠信,百姓化之.齊人攻魯,道由單父,單父之老請曰:「麥已熟矣,今齊寇至,不及人人自收其麥,請放民出,皆穫傳郭之麥,可以益糧,且不資於寇.」三請而宓子不聽.俄而齊寇逮于麥,季孫聞之怒,使人以讓宓子曰:「民寒耕熱耘,曾不得食,豈不哀哉?不知猶可,以告者而子不聽,非所以為民也.」宓子蹴然曰:「今茲無麥,明年可樹,若使不耕者穫,是使民樂有寇,且得單父一歲之麥,於魯不加強,喪之不加弱,若使民有自取之心,其創必數世不息.」季孫聞之,赧然而愧曰:「地若可入,吾豈忍見宓子哉.」三年,孔子使巫馬期遠觀政焉.巫馬期陰免衣,衣弊裘,入單父界,見夜漁者得魚輒舍之.巫馬期問焉,曰:「凡漁者為得,何以得魚即舍之?」漁者曰:「魚之大者名為<魚壽>,吾大夫愛之,其小者名為鱦,吾大夫欲長之,是以得二者,輒舍之.」巫馬期返,以告孔子曰:「宓子之德,至使民闇行,若有嚴刑於旁,敢問宓子何行而得於是?」孔子曰:「吾嘗與之言曰:『誠於此者刑乎彼.』宓子行此術於單父也.」

 
  孔子之舊曰原壤,其母死,夫子將助之以沐槨.子路曰:「由也,昔者聞諸夫子曰:『無友不如己者,過則勿憚改.』夫子憚矣,姑已若何?」孔子曰:「凡民有喪,匍匐救之,況故舊乎非友也,吾其徃.」及為槨,原壤登木曰:「久矣予之不託於音也.」遂歌曰:「狸首之班然,執女手之卷然.夫子為之隱,佯不聞以過之.」子路曰:「夫子屈節而極於此,失其與矣,豈未可以已乎?」孔子曰:「吾聞之親者不失其為親也,故者不失其為故也.」

  • New Sinology Title:
    Forfeit one's honor sees sign of _ Confucius home

    New Sinology Chapter:
    Solution of forfeit one's honor

    New Sinology BookName:
    Confucius home language

    New Sinology Catalog:
    Child ministry

    New Sinology Content:

    Child road Wu Kongzi says: " live a life by Long husband, rich Zuo cannot beneficial Wu Wu, the ground of Ta Zuo Zuo , and cannot bend Geng in an attempt to to extend, can't Zha the person's region. " Confucius says: " an oneself of gentleman, period Wu Ji of Wu Bi Zuo . Can bend , can extend . The person that reason bends Geng , remain so, beg the person that extend, reach so. Be suffer with Zuo bend and not its Geng , annals Zuo and do not make at Li . " Confucius is in Xiao , of Tian Chang of Long Zuo desire , and Zuo comfort, because be about to move its arms with cut down Zuo . Child of Confucius Zheng and accuse say: " the of Zuo parents, cannot not save, cannot bear its suffer Yao , today I is about to bend Geng Wu Tian constant in order to save Zuo , 23 child does Zha make? " at be child the way says: " Zha past Zuo . " Confucius nots Yu . Child Zha , not again Yu . Child stone Zha , not again Yu . 3 child retreat Zheng child Zuo says: " today the master is about to bend Geng in order to save parental , Zha of my 3 people makes and not , this I child the that uses Zuo also, I child Yan of He Zha travel? " child Zuo Zha makes, of master Yu . Be like Zuo then, Zha Tian Chang says: " today child be about to close result at Zuo Zuo , not if move arms at easy. " Tian Chang not , child Zuo says: " husband is in person attack , is outer person attack weak, my Long child 3 seal and 3 won't do, it is chancellery not Long makes, with Zuo advocate, broken with honour official, and child result not Ning Yan, makes day scanty at advocate, and Ning chancellery , such child a danger. " Tian Chang says: " be apt to, like that arms armour already added Zuo , cannot more, how? " child Zuo says: " Jin , my Zha at , make save Zuo and cut down Zuo , child because of with Bing Yingzhi. " Zheng of Tian Chang Yu . Child Zuo satisfies south Zha Wang Yue: " Wang Zhe not , bully person , of 1000 Zuo heavy, add Zuo and move, today with Zuo illicit the 1000 Zuo that multiply, of Ning my , very Wang Huanzhi. And the husband saves Zuo with Zuo name, with Hou of the Zheng on Si, Zha cruel Zuo in order to take , benefit is greatest Yan, the name lives or die Zuo , strands Zuo , wisdom person not doubt. " Wang Yue: " be apt to, like that often is jumped over tiredly, jump over Wang Jin to suffer from body Zuo person, have the heart of , child wait for me to be jumped over first, like that after is but. " child Zuo says: " the that jump over not Zuo Zuo , the of not Zuo Zuo , and Wang Zhi Zuo and cut down is jumped over, Zuo needs illicit Zuo , king Fang Yicun dies the name of Kui Jian , Zuo and attack is small more, blame brave also, brave and not Yin Zuo , benevolence person not Fu Ji , wisdom person do not break , Li person not Jian world, put today show the world more with benevolence, save Zuo of Zuo cut down, power the that add , Zheng Hou Bixiang is led and face, bully is filled. And Wang Bi is jumped over, official Zha Yao jumps over gentleman, make dispatch troops with , this is killed jump over and cut down Zuo of Hou Yi of renown Zheng . " king , it is dispatch child of Zuo more. Jump over Wang Jiao to greet, and from child Zuo drive, say: " the that this Xiao smooths, doctor why sufficient like that disgrace and of Ning ? " child Zuo says: " today person Wang Yi of my Zha saves Zuo of Zuo cut down, its annals desire, and heart Wei is jumped over, say: "Wait for my cut down to jump over and after but, is broken need more. " and the annals of person, and of doubt making a person, clumsy, have the idea of person, and make the person knows, almost, thing not and first Long person, danger, 3 person of Ning thing suffer from. " the Zuo that tick off Zuo head say: " Gu unexpectedly force, and Ning Zuo , get tired check, painful at marrow, day and night anxious Man male tongue, king of of apprentice desire Ning followings sb's heels and die, the Zuo of Gu also, today doctor favour is accused with terrible. " child Zuo says: " person of king is fierce cruel, group I can't bear, home exhausted fraud, common people is complained on, chancellery Zhu , shen Xu dies with Zheng , slaughter act greatly, the of of this also. King Zha can of soldier assist, shoot its annals in order to invite, and heavy with its heart, low Zuo with honour its Die , Zuo of its cut down needs, the person that Zheng of place of this Long person bends Geng to beg its Zuo also. Those not Wang Zhifu, be like , needs with arms Ning , Yao of Zha of official Zuo north Mr attacks in all, its are weak needs. Zuo arms Bao at Zuo , heavy armour is stranded at , and king make its fraud Yan. " jump over king Zuo head, Yu Zheng . Child Zuo returns 5 days, make more doctor article Er , Zuo head character says at king: " of of the condition that jump over all person 3000 people with thing . " Wang Gao child Zuo says: " jump over the sovereign of Wang Yushen , can? " child Zuo says: " the rate Bao of all person, mr its gentleman, blame Li also. " Wang Nai suffers Yue Wangcu, Zheng stays tick off Zuo . Satisfy the arms from with cut down Zuo , of . Child Zuo satisfies boreal Yao Mr , your bear its fraud, is encountered then at Zuo pool, jump over the of king Yao , Ning of king jumps over , Yan. Confucius says: " its Zuo puts the husband Zuo , my only then Zuo , if can with fraud , make dies and jump over bully person, of the Zha of Zuo also. of put in a good word for sb is believed, shen Yanzai. "

     
    The person that Confucius child has Mi Zi Zuo , be an official is slaughtered at father of Zuo , fear character of Zhu of Mr Zuo Long , make oneself must not go its politics, at it is Zuo travel, reason Zha Jun Zhi is close history all of 2 people Ning comes official, mi Zi give up its city official, your 2 history , pull of square Zuo its ancon, not to be pooh-poohed, and angry, 2 Shi Huanzhi, Zuo of Zuo Zha . Mi Zi says: " child is very not good at, child exert oneself and . " Wu Jun of of 2 history says: " Mi Zi makes official and handicap, and angry official, city official all laughs, this official goes so and also. " Mr Zuo with Confucius. Child say: " tranquil not Zuo , gentleman also, its just hold the post of the assist of Xiang Yu the Conqueror, bend Geng to wipe male relative of a senior generation, with from Yu also, meaning person with this Zheng ? " fair awake, heave a deep sigh and says: " of this the sovereign unworthy, mi Zizhi of the sovereign politics, and Zuo its be apt to person, blame, small 2 history, the sovereign in order to know its Zuo , small master, the sovereign with awaking oneself. " of of hurriedly place make accuse Mi Zi to say: " from today already , father is not me to have also, child make, have Wu Min person, child of , 5 years its want one talk. " Mi Zijing acts according to Yu , must go then its politics, at it is father treats Yan. Bend forward honest and sincere, bright Yin Yin , still Ha is respected, shi Zhiren, add Zha , send faithful letter, common people changes. Zuo person attacks Zuo , path by father, the old Zha of father says: " Zuo is ripe already, today Zuo Kou Zhi, not as good as everybody receives its Zuo oneself, Zha is put civilian piece, all Zuo of Er Guo Zhi, can beneficial Ji , and not Zuo at bandit. " 3 Zha and Mi Zi not Long . Presently and Zuo bandit reachcaptures at Zuo , the anger of season Long , make the person says with Zhu Mi Zi: " civilian weed of cold agrarian , ever must not feed, Zuo not Ai Zai? Do not know but, in order to accuse person and child not Long , blame so civilian also. " Mi Zi kicks to say like that: " today Pi Zuo , next year but , if make not cultivator Er , it is to make civilian has enemy, and the father that get the Zuo of one , do not add at Zuo , of do not add weak, if make civilian have the heart that takes oneself, its needs world does not cease. " of season Long , blushing and ashamed says: " if the ground can be entered, my Zuo bear Yao Mi Zizai. " 3 years, confucius makes politics Yan of Yin of witch Zuo period Zuo . Witch Zuo period Zuo avoids the garment, garment fraud fur coat, join father group, Yao night person the Zuo that get Zuo abandons. Yan of witch Zuo period , say: " every person is gotten, why to get Zuo to be abandoned namely? " person say: " of Zuo big person > of of Zuo of renown < , of my doctors , its are small person renown Zuo , my doctors desire of Zuo , be in order to get both, Zuo abandons. " witch Zuo period return, say in order to accuse Confucius: " Mizi's heart, to make civilian Zuo goes, if have Xing Wupang, why Mi Zi goes and dare why Mi Zi goes and get at be? " Confucius says: " the Yan Yue of my Ning : " Zha at this person punishment those. " Mi Zi goes this Xiao at father also. "

     
    The Ning of Confucius says primary area, its mother is dead, master aids with of wash one's hair. Child the way says: " by also, former times person Long Zheng master says: " friend is inferior to oneself person, Zuo not changes. " master , aunt already was like why? " Confucius says: " every civilian has , procumbent those who save, reason Ning blame is friendly also, my its . " the that reach , primary area ascends Mu Yue: " long those who grant not Yin Wu Yin also. " satisfy a song to say: " the class of racoon dog head like that, of female hand roll like that. The Zuo of master , feign not Long with Zuo . " child the way says: " the master bends Geng and at this, break its Ning , is Zuo not OK already? " Confucius says: " the Yin of my Long person do not break its Yin also, reason person do not lose its on purpose also. "
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