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劝学篇第一_荀子

章节: 劝学篇第一
书名: 荀子
类目: 子部
原作者:
朝代:
写作年代: 约公元前215年  至  公元后314年
视频: 劝学篇第一_荀子
音频: 劝学篇第一_荀子
新国学:
  君子曰:学不可以已。青、取之于蓝,而青于蓝;冰、水为之,而寒于水。木直中绳,輮以为轮,其曲中规,虽有槁暴,不复挺者,輮使之然也。故木受绳则直,金就砺则利,君子博学而日参省乎己,则知明而行无过矣。故不登高山,不知天之高也;不临深溪,不知地之厚也;不闻先王之遗言,不知学问之大也。干、越、夷、貉之子,生而同声,长而异俗,教使之然也。诗曰:“嗟尔君子,无恒安息。靖共尔位,好是正直。神之听之,介尔景福。”神莫大于化道,福莫长于无祸。

 
  吾尝终日而思矣,不如须臾之所学也。吾尝跂而望矣,不如登高之博见也。登高而招,臂非加长也,而见者远;顺风而呼,声非加疾也,而闻者彰。假舆马者,非利足也,而致千里;假舟楫者,非能水也,而绝江河。君子生非异也,善假于物也。
 
  南方有鸟焉,名曰蒙鸠,以羽为巢,而编之以发,系之苇苕,风至苕折,卵破子死。巢非不完也,所系者然也。西方有木焉,名曰射干,茎长四寸,生于高山之上,而临百仞之渊,木茎非能长也,所立者然也。蓬生麻中,不扶而直;白沙在涅,与之俱黑。兰槐之根是为芷,其渐之滫,君子不近,庶人不服。其质非不美也,所渐者然也。故君子居必择乡,游必就士,所以防邪辟而近中正也。
 
  物类之起,必有所始。荣辱之来,必象其德。肉腐出虫,鱼枯生蠹。怠慢忘身,祸灾乃作。强自取柱,柔自取束。邪秽在身,怨之所构。施薪若一,火就燥也,平地若一,水就湿也。草木畴生,禽兽群焉,物各从其类也。是故质的张,而弓矢至焉;林木茂,而斧斤至焉;树成荫,而众鸟息焉。醯酸,而蚋聚焉。故言有招祸也,行有招辱也,君子慎其所立乎!
 
  积土成山,风雨兴焉;积水成渊,蛟龙生焉;积善成德,而神明自得,圣心备焉。故不积蹞步,无以致千里;不积小流,无以成江海。骐骥一跃,不能十步;驽马十驾,功在不舍。锲而舍之,朽木不折;锲而不舍,金石可镂。螾无爪牙之利,筋骨之强,上食埃土,下饮黄泉,用心一也。蟹八跪而二螯,非蛇蟺之穴,无可寄托者,用心躁也。是故无冥冥之志者,无昭昭之明;无惛惛之事者,无赫赫之功。行衢道者不至,事两君者不容。目不能两视而明,耳不能两听而聪。螣蛇无足而飞,梧鼠五技而穷。诗曰:“尸鸠在桑,其子七兮。淑人君子,其仪一兮。其仪一兮,心如结兮。”故君子结于一也。
 
  昔者瓠巴鼓瑟,而流鱼出听;伯牙鼓琴,而六马仰秣。故声无小而不闻,行无隐而不形。玉在山而草木润,渊生珠而崖不枯。为善不积邪,安有不闻者乎!
 
  学恶乎始?恶乎终?曰:其数则始乎诵经,终乎读礼;其义则始乎为士,终乎为圣人。真积力久则入。学至乎没而后止也。故学数有终,若其义则不可须臾舍也。为之人也,舍之禽兽也。故书者、政事之纪也;诗者、中声之所止也;礼者、法之大兮,类之纲纪也。故学至乎礼而止矣。夫是之谓道德之极。礼之敬文也,乐之中和也,诗书之博也,春秋之微也,在天地之间者毕矣。
 
  君子之学也,入乎耳,着乎心,布乎四体,形乎动静。端而言,蝡而动,一可以为法则。小人之学也,入乎耳,出乎口;口耳之间,则四寸耳,曷足以美七尺之躯哉!古之学者为己,今之学者为人。君子之学也,以美其身;小人之学也,以为禽犊。故不问而告谓之傲,问一而告二谓之囋。傲、非也,囋、非也;君子如向矣。
 
  学莫便乎近其人。礼乐法而不说,诗书故而不切,春秋约而不速。方其人之习君子之说,则尊以遍矣,周于世矣。故曰:学莫便乎近其人。
 
  学之经莫速乎好其人,隆礼次之。上不能好其人,下不能隆礼,安特将学杂识志,顺诗书而已耳。则末世穷年,不免为陋儒而已。将原先王,本仁义,则礼正其经纬蹊径也。若挈裘领,诎五指而顿之,顺者不可胜数也。不道礼宪,以诗书为之,譬之犹以指测河也,以戈舂黍也,以锥餐壶也,不可以得之矣。故隆礼,虽未明,法士也;不隆礼,虽察辩,散儒也。
 
  问楛者,勿告也;告楛者,勿问也;说楛者,勿听也。有争气者,勿与辩也。故必由其道至,然后接之;非其道则避之。故礼恭,而后可与言道之方;辞顺,而后可与言道之理;色从而后可与言道之致。故未可与言而言,谓之傲;可与言而不言,谓之隐;不观气色而言,谓瞽。故君子不傲、不隐、不瞽,谨顺其身。诗曰:“匪交匪舒,天子所予。”此之谓也。
 
  百发失一,不足谓善射;千里蹞步不至,不足谓善御;伦类不通,仁义不一,不足谓善学。学也者,固学一之也。一出焉,一入焉,涂巷之人也;其善者少,不善者多,桀纣盗跖也;全之尽之,然后学者也。
 
  君子知夫不全不粹之不足以为美也,故诵数以贯之,思索以通之,为其人以处之,除其害者以持养之。使目非是无欲见也,使口非是无欲言也,使心非是无欲虑也。及至其致好之也,目好之五色,耳好之五声,口好之五味,心利之有天下。是故权利不能倾也,群众不能移也,天下不能荡也。生乎由是,死乎由是,夫是之谓德操。德操然后能定,能定然后能应。能定能应,夫是之谓成人。天见其明,地见其光,君子贵其全也。

  • New Sinology Title:
    Persuade to learn a Xun Zi of the first _

    New Sinology Chapter:
    Persuade to learn piece the first

    New Sinology BookName:
    Xun Zi

    New Sinology Catalog:
    Child ministry

    New Sinology Content:

    Gentleman says: It is not OK to learn already. Green, extraction Yu La, and green Yu La; Ice, water does it, and cold at water. The rope in Muzhi, Zuo thinks annulus, the compasses in its music, although have withered cruel, not answer the person that hold out, Zuo makes like that also. Reason wood gets a rope straight, gold whetstone criterion benefit, gentleman is erudite and day joins a province oneself, know bright and had been not had all right. Reason does not ascend a high mountain, what do not know a day is tall also; Do not face deep brook, what do not know the land is thick also; Not Wen Xianwang's words of the deceased, what do not know science is big also. Dry, jump over, of exterminate, racoon dog child, be born and be the same as sound, long and different common, teach make like that also. The poem says: "Lament Er gentleman, cease without Heng An. Jing Gonger, it is just very. Of magical audition, jie Erjing blessing. " the god not at changing greatly, blessing Mo Changyu does not have disaster.

     
    I is tasted all day and be thought of, as instantly be learned also. I tastes Zuo and look, the rich that is inferior to uprise sees also. Uprise and action, the arm is not lengthen also, and the person that see is far; Downwind and breathe out, acoustical blame increases difficulty also, and the person that hear clear. False area Ma Zhe, blame benefit is full also, and send a thousand li; The person that the holiday vesselses, blame can water also, and absolutely Jiang He. Gentleman gives birth to blame different also, be apt to is false at content also.
     
    South has bird Yan, the name says unconscious turtledove, with feather for mew, and make up in order to send, the reed Chinese trumpet creeper of the department, wind is folded to Chinese trumpet creeper, egg is broken child dead. Chao Fei is not over also, the person that be fastened like that also. The west has Mu Yan, the name says blackberry lily, the bine is 4 inches long, be born on the high mountain, and the deep that faces 100 an ancient measure of length equal to seven or eight chi, wooden bine blame can be chief also, the person that be established like that also. In bitter fleabane unripe hemp, be not helped up and straight; Bai Sha is in Nie, to it all is black. Lan Huai's root is to be Zhi, its gradually , gentleman is not close, of or by the concubine the person refuses to obey. Its are not character not beautiful also, gradually person like that also. Reason gentleman house needs choose countryside, swim surely person,
     
    Content kind case, surely somewhat only then. Of honour or disgrace come, resemble its virtue surely. Fleshy corrupt gives bug, yu Kusheng moth. Barratrous forget a body, disaster calamity is. Take post by force oneself, soft take oneself bundle. Unhealthy environmental influences that cause disease dirty in the body, enmity place compose. Shi Xinre one, fire with respect to dry also, flat if one, water is wet also. The wood farmlands unripe, birds herd Yan, content each from its kind also. Hereat is qualitative piece, and Gong Shi comes Yan; Forest luxuriant, and axe jin to Yan; The tree is shady, and Yan of numerous bird breath. Xi acid, and buffalo gnat gets together Yan. Reason character has action disaster also, have action disgrace all right also, gentleman careful what its establish!
     
    Accumulate earth to become hill, harships promotes Yan; Seeper becomes deep pool, flood dragon dragon gives birth to Yan; Accumulate be apt to to become heart, and deities contented, yan of holy heart equipment. Reason does not accumulate Zuo pace, without a thousand li of as a result; Do not accumulate small stream, without with Cheng Jianghai. Black horse a thoroghbred horse very quickly, cannot 10 paces; Inferior horse 10 drive, result in do not abandon. Carve and abandon, a hopeless case is not folded; Work with perseverance, inscriptions but engrave. Xi does not have the benefit of lackey, of bones and muscles strong, dust land is fed on, issue drink Acheron, attentively one also. Crab 8 genuflect and 2 chela, be not the acupuncture point of anguine Xi , without but depositor, intention impetuous also. The person that hereat does not have dim annals, the Zhao Zhiming that do not have clear; The person that do not have the thing of , without illustrious result. The person that thoroughfare all right does not come, thing two gentleman person not allow. Eye cannot two inspect and bright, ear cannot two listen and acute hearing. Wei snake is not had sufficient and fly, wu rat 5 ability and poor. The poem says: "Cadaver turtledove is in mulberry, its child 7. A man of noble character of kind and gentle person, its appearance one. Its appearance one, the heart is like a knot. " reason gentleman writtens guarantee at one also.
     
    Former times person Hu Ba Guse, and shed a fish to go out listen; Uncle tooth rouses musical instrument, and 6 horses admire hay. Friend voice is not had small and do not hear, do not have concealed all right and not form. Jade in hill wood embellish, deep is unripe bead and cliff is not withered. Do not accumulate unhealthy environmental influences that cause disease for be apt to,
     
    Learn evil only then? Evil eventually? Say: Its number criterion only then Song classics, eventually read a ceremony; Its justice criterion only then for person, eventually for the sage. Accumulate power really long enter. Learn to come did not stop after that also. Reason learns number to have eventually, rejiyi cannot be abandoned instantly also. Do it person also, the birds and beasts that abandon also. Reason book person, the discipline of government affairs also; Poem person, in acoustical place stops also; Ceremony person, of the law big, kind key link discipline also. Reason learns to come ceremony and stop. The husband is call of morality extremely. The Jing Wen of the ceremony also, counteract happily also, the rich of poetic book also, of age small also, the person that it is between heaven and earth finishs.
     
    Of gentleman learn also, enter ear, move heart, cloth 4 body, form activity. end, Wei and move, can be law. Of Lilliputian learn also, enter ear, beyond mouth; Between buccal ear, criterion 4 inches of ear, the human body of 7 feet of how enough beauty! Ancient learned man is oneself, today scholastic humanness. Of gentleman learn also, with the United States its body; Of Lilliputian learn also, think birds calf. Reason pays no attention to and accuse call be proud, ask one and accuse 2 calling . Be proud, blame also, , blame also; Gentleman if to.
     
    Learn not close its person. Ceremony happy law and do not say, poetic book is not cut so, age is made an appointment with and not fast. Of gentleman of be used to say, criterion honour in order to all over, zhou Yushi. Friend says: Learn not close its person.
     
    Learned classics Mo Su good its person, grand ceremony take second place. Go up cannot good its person, below cannot Long Li, how will learn miscellaneous knowledge annals especially, suitable poetry book just ear. Criterion last phase of an age is poor year, unavoidable for humble Confucianism just. Will former king, ben Renyi, criterion ceremony its path via abb also. If take along fur coat is gotten, qu the five fingers and pause, the person that arrange countless also. Ceremony constitution, do it with poetic book, of example still measure a river in order to point to also, with dagger pestle millet also, with awl eat crock also, not OK. Reason grand ceremony, although not bright, law person also; Not Long Li, although examine argue, medicinal powder Confucianism also.
     
    The person that ask , do not accuse also; The person that accuse , do not ask also; The person that say , do not listen also. The person that have try to make a good showing, not with argue also. Reason comes by its path surely, receive next; Be not its path to avoid. Reason ceremony respectful, what can with character after that is square; Demit is suitable, can manage with Yan Daozhi after that; Color is sent from what can with character after that. reason cannot and character, call be proud; But with character not character, calling concealed; Do not watch color and character, call blind. Reason gentleman is not proud, not concealed, do not blind, arrange its body sincerely. The poem says: "Bandit makes bandit a surname, the emperor place grants. " this call also.
     
    100 hair are broken one, inadequacy calls be apt to is shot; Step of Zuo of a thousand li does not come, inadequacy calls drive of be apt to; Human relations kind be illogical, ren Yi is differ, inadequacy calls be apt to learns. Learn also person, solid learns one also. A Yan, enter Yan, the person of besmear alley also; Its be apt to person little, not good at person much, zhi of pilfer of name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty also; Use up completely, next scholar also.
     
    Gentleman tells a husband not complete not the inadequacy of pure feels beautiful also, reason Song is counted with be linked together, ponder with connecting, for its person with be in, raise in order to hold except the person that its are killed. Making eye is not is to not have be about to see also, making the mouth is not is to not have desire character also, making the heart is not is to not have desire Lv also. Its had sent until also, those who had looked is lubricious, the reputation with good side, the taste with good mouth, of heart benefit fall one day. Hereat right cannot bend also, masses cannot move also, the world cannot swing also. Unripe by be, dead by be, the husband is call heart hold. Heart hold can decide next, can decide can answer next. Can will surely answer, the husband is call adult. The day sees its bright, the ground sees its are smooth, gentleman Gui Jiquan also.
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