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哀公问政_孔子家语

章节: 哀公问政
书名: 孔子家语
类目: 子部
原作者:
朝代:
写作年代: 约公元前-85年  至  公元后995年
视频: 哀公问政_孔子家语
音频: 哀公问政_孔子家语
新国学:
  哀公問政於孔子.孔子對曰:「文武之政,布在方策,其人存則其政舉,其人亡則其政息.天道敏生,人道敏政,地道敏樹,夫政者,猶蒲盧也,待化以成,故為政在於得人,取人以身,修道以仁.仁者,人也,親親為大;義者,宜也,尊賢為大.親親之殺,尊賢之等,禮所以生也.禮者,政之本也,是以君子不可以不修身.思修身,不可以不事親;思事親,不可以不知人;思知人,不可以不知天.天下之達道有五,其所以行之者三,曰,君臣也、父子也、夫婦也、昆弟也、朋友也.五者,天下之達道,智仁勇三者,天下之達德也.所以行之者,一也.或生而知之,或學而知之,或困而知之,及其知之,一也.或安而行之,或利而行之,或勉強而行之,及其成功,一也.」公曰:「子之言美矣至矣,寡人實固,不足以成之也.」孔子曰:「好學近乎智,力行近乎仁,知恥近乎勇,知斯三者,則知所以修身;知所以修身,則知所以治人;知所以治人,則能成天下國家者矣.」公曰:「政其盡此而已乎?」孔子曰:「凡為天下國家有九經,曰修身也、尊賢也、親親也、敬大臣也、體群臣也、子庶民也、來百工也、柔遠人也、懷諸侯也.夫修身則道立,尊賢則不惑,親親則諸父兄弟不怨,敬大臣則不眩,體群臣則士之報禮重,子庶民則百姓勸,來百工則財用足,柔遠人則四方歸之,懷諸侯則天下畏之.」公曰:「為之奈何?」孔子曰:「齊潔盛服,非禮不動,所以修身也;去讒遠色,賤財而貴德,所以尊賢也;爵其能,重其祿,同其好惡,所以篤親親也;官盛任使,所以敬大臣也;忠信重祿,所以勸士也;時使薄歛,所以子百姓也;日省月考,既廩稱事,所以來百工也;送徃迎來,嘉善而矜不能,所以綏遠人也;繼絕世,舉廢邦,治亂持危,朝聘以時,厚徃而薄來,所以懷諸侯也.治天下國家有九經,其所以行之者,一也.凡事豫則立,不豫則廢,言前定則不跲,事前定則不困,行前定則不疚,道前定則不窮.在下位不獲于上,民弗可得而治矣;獲于上有道,不信于友,不獲于上矣;信于友有道,不順于親,不信于友矣;順于親有道,反諸身不誠,不順于親矣;誠身有道,不明于善,不誠于身矣.誠者,天之至道也;誠之者,人之道也.夫誠弗勉而中,不思而得,從容中道,聖人之所以體定也;誠之者,擇善而固執之者也.」公曰:「子之教寡人備矣,敢問行之所始.」孔子曰:「立愛自親始,教民睦也;立敬自長始,教民順也;教之慈睦,而民貴有親;教以敬,而民貴用命.民既孝於親,又順以聽命,措諸天下無所不可.」公曰:「寡人既得聞此言也,懼不能果行而獲罪咎.」

 
  宰我問於孔子曰:「吾聞鬼神之名,而不知所謂,敢問焉.」孔子曰:「人生有氣有魂,氣者,人之盛也,夫生必死,死必歸土,此謂鬼,魂氣歸天此謂神,合鬼與神而享之,教之至也.骨肉弊於下,化為野土,其氣發揚于上者,此神之著也.聖人因物之精,制為之極,明命鬼神,以為民之則,而猶以是為未足也,故築為宮室,設為宗祧,春秋祭祀,以別親疏,教民反古復始,不敢忘其所由生也.眾人服自此聽且速焉,教以二端,二端既立,報以二禮,建設朝事,燔燎羶薌,所以報魄也.此教民修本,反始崇愛,上下用情,禮之至也.君子反古復始,不忘其所由生,是以致其敬,發其情,竭力從事,不敢不自盡也.此之謂大教.昔者文王之祭也,事死如事生,思死而不欲生,忌日則必哀,稱諱則如見,親祀之忠也,思之深如見親之所愛,祭欲見親顏色者,其唯文王與.詩云:『明發不寐,有懷二人,則文王之謂與.』祭之明日,明發不寐,有懷二人,敬而致之,又從而思之,祭之日樂與哀半,饗之必樂,已至必哀,孝子之情也,文王為能得之矣.」

  • New Sinology Title:
    Sad fair ask politics language of _ Confucius home

    New Sinology Chapter:
    Sad fair ask politics

    New Sinology BookName:
    Confucius home language

    New Sinology Catalog:
    Child ministry

    New Sinology Content:

    Sad make public politics Wu Kongzi. Confucius says: " of civil and military politics, cloth is in square plan, its person puts its politics Ning , its person dies its politics breath. Tian Daomin is unripe, humane quick politics, tunnel quick , husband politics person, cattail Bao also, wait for change in order to become, reason politics in Wu Deren, take a person with the body, ascetic with benevolence. Benevolence person, person also, Yin Yin is big; Li person, appropriate also, honour Zuo is big. The of Yin Yin , of honour Zuo wait, Die is born so also. Die person, politics this also, be with gentleman not need not cultivate one's morality. Think of cultivate one's morality, not need not thing Yin ; Think of thing Yin , need not not tell a person; Think of tell a person, need not not know a day. The Zuo path of the world has 5, its go so person 3, say, jun Chen also, father and son also, husband also, elder brother younger brother also, friend also. 5 person, the Zuo of the world, zhi Renyong 3 person, the Zuo heart of the world also. Go so person, one also. Or be born and know, or and know, or strand and know, reach its to know, one also. Or install and go, or benefit and of travel, or exert oneself and of travel, reach its to succeed, one also. " fair say: " child character is beautiful come, the sovereign originallies, can't become also. " Confucius says: " good close to wisdom, force goes close to benevolence, know close to brave, know this 3 person, knows so cultivate one's morality; Know so cultivate one's morality, knows to treat a person so; Know to treat a person so, the person that can become the world Home . " fair say: " politics its Bao this just? " Confucius says: " every the world Home has 9 Jian , say cultivate one's morality also, honour Zuo also, Yin Yin also, Jing Dachen also, Zuo group official also, child common people also, 100 labour also, soft Zuo person also, Zheng Hou Ye. Path of of husband cultivate one's morality stands, honour Zuo not be puzzled, younger brother of father and elder brothers of Zheng of Yin Yin is not complained, jing Dachen does not dizzy, Zuo group official person Die is heavy, child of common people of common people , Zuo of 100 labour uses sufficient, of of all directions of of soft Zuo person, of Wei of the world of of Zheng Hou. " fair say: " the how of ? " Confucius says: " Zuo rich dress, blame Die not , so cultivate one's morality also; Go Zhu Zuo color, Zuo Zuo and Zuo heart, so honour Zuo also; The rank of nobility its can, weigh its Dai , good with its , so Ha Yin Yin also; Guan Cheng allows to make, respect chancellery so also; Faithful letter weighs Dai , so person also; makes thin , so child common people also; Day saves lunar take an examination ofing, already Er thing, so 100 labour of also; Send to greet , fine be apt to and pity cannot, so Jian Zuo person also; Kui Jian world, Ning state, treat to manage high, face is hired with , thick and thin , so Zheng Hou Ye. Treat the world Home to have 9 Jian , its go so person, one also. Everything pleaseds stands, do not pleased , is decided before character not Zuo , beforehand decides to be not stranded, calm does not remorse before travel, is decided before the path not Fu . Falling not at going up, civilian not to be able to be gotten and be treated; has at going up, do not believe Yu You, not at going up; Believe Yu Youyou to, not Zuo at Yin , do not believe Yu You; Zuo has at Yin , the body that turn over Zheng not Zha , not Zuo at Yin ; Zha body has, unidentified at be apt to, not Zha at the body. Zha person, of the day come also; Of Zha person, the person's path also. Husband Zha nots exert oneself and in, be not thought of and get, the path in look, Long person Zuo is decided also; Of Zha person, be apt to and of solid person also. " fair say: " child teach the sovereign , dare the place that goes only then. " Confucius says: " establish from Yin only then, teach civilian harmonious also; Stand respect from Zuo only then, teach civilian Zuo also; Taught Ci Mu, and civilian Zuo has Yin ; Teach in order to respect, and civilian Zuo uses a lot. Civilian already filial piety at Yin , Zuo with Long life, place of of arrange Zheng the world cannot. " fair say: " the sovereign gets Long already this character also, cannot go if really and fault fault. "

     
    Slaughter my Wu Kongzi to say: " the name of my Long ghosts and gods, and do not know a Zheng , dare Yan. " Confucius says: " life has to have spirit, person, the person's Cheng Ye, the husband is born to die surely, need to death earth, this Zheng ghost, day of fetch this Zheng god, combine ghost Ning look and enjoy, teach to also. Fraud of flesh and blood at below, turn wild land, of its at going up person, this is written magically also. Long person because the essence of content, make the of , bright life ghosts and gods, with the of civilian, and in order to be not sufficient also, room of of reason Ha , Yu ancestor be or become heir to, year is fete, with Yin scanty, religion civilian turn over ancient only then, dare not forget its place by unripe also. Bao person is taken from this Long and fast Yan, teach with two-terminal, two-terminal stand already, with 2 Die , propose Yu government issue, Shu of Fan burn Li , so soul also. This teachs civilian long this, instead only then esteem , use situation up and down, of Die to also. Gentleman turns over ancient only then, do not forget its place by unripe, it is its respect as a result, its affection, do one's utmost thing, not dare not from Bao also. This Zheng teachs greatly. Former times person Wen Wangzhi hold a memorial ceremony for also, the thing is born like the thing to death, be thought of dead and not be about to be born, of the anniversary of the death of a parent needs sad, Er Zheng is like Yao , Yin offers sacrifices to faithful also, the is like Yao Yin greatly place that think of, color of Zuo of Yin of Yao of desire of hold a memorial ceremony for person, its only article king Ning . Yu cloud: "Bright does not sleep, have 2 people, Ning of Wen Wangzhi Zheng . " the tomorrow of hold a memorial ceremony for, bright does not sleep, have 2 people, respect and send, and think of, the day Ning of hold a memorial ceremony for sad half, of Zuo surely , already came surely sad, the affection of the dutiful son also, article king can get. "
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