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卷一百八·韩长孺列传第四十八_史记

  御史大夫韩安国者,梁成安人也,後徙睢阳。尝受韩子、杂家说於驺田生所。事梁孝王为中大夫。吴楚反时,孝王使安国及张羽为将,扞吴兵於东界。张羽力战,安国持重,以故吴不能过梁。吴楚已破,安国、张羽名由此显。

 
  梁孝王,景帝母弟,窦太后爱之,令得自请置相、二千石,出入游戏,僭於天子。天子闻之,心弗善也。太后知帝不善,乃怒梁使者,弗见,案责王所为。韩安国为梁使,见大长公主而泣曰:“何梁王为人子之孝,为人臣之忠,太后曾弗省也?夫前日吴、楚、齐、赵七国反时,自关以东皆合从西乡,惟梁最亲为艰难。梁王念太后、帝在中,而诸侯扰乱,一言泣数行下,跪送臣等六人,将兵击卻吴楚,吴楚以故兵不敢西,而卒破亡,梁王之力也。今太后以小节苛礼责望梁王。梁王父兄皆帝王,所见者大,故出称跸,入言警,车旗皆帝所赐也,即欲以侘鄙县,驱驰国中,以夸诸侯,令天下尽知太后、帝爱之也。今梁使来,辄案责之。梁王恐,日夜涕泣思慕,不知所为。何梁王之为子孝,为臣忠,而太后弗恤也?”大长公主具以告太后,太后喜曰:“为言之帝。”言之,帝心乃解,而免冠谢太后曰:“兄弟不能相教,乃为太后遗忧。”悉见梁使,厚赐之。其後梁王益亲驩。太后、长公主更赐安国可直千馀金。名由此显,结於汉。
 
  其後安国坐法抵罪,蒙狱吏田甲辱安国。安国曰:“死灰独不复然乎?”田甲曰:“然即溺之。”居无何,梁内史缺,汉使使者拜安国为梁内史,起徒中为二千石。田甲亡走。安国曰:“甲不就官,我灭而宗。”甲因肉袒谢。安国笑曰:“可溺矣!公等足与治乎?”卒善遇之。
 
  梁内史之缺也,孝王新得齐人公孙诡,说之,欲请以为内史。窦太后闻,乃诏王以安国为内史。
 
  公孙诡、羊胜说孝王求为帝太子及益地事,恐汉大臣不听,乃阴使人刺汉用事谋臣。及杀故吴相袁盎,景帝遂闻诡、胜等计画,乃遣使捕诡、胜,必得。汉使十辈至梁,相以下举国大索,月馀不得。内史安国闻诡、胜匿孝王所,安国入见王而泣曰:“主辱臣死。大王无良臣,故事纷纷至此。今诡、胜不得,请辞赐死。”王曰:“何至此?”安国泣数行下,曰:“大王自度於皇帝,孰与太上皇之与高皇帝及皇帝之与临江王亲?”孝王曰:“弗如也。”安国曰:“夫太上、临江亲父子之间,然而高帝曰‘提三尺剑取天下者朕也’,故太上皇终不得制事,居于栎阳。临江王,適长太子也,以一言过,废王临江;用宫垣事,卒自杀中尉府。何者?治天下终不以私乱公。语曰:‘虽有亲父,安知其不为虎?虽有亲兄,安知其不为狼?’今大王列在诸侯,悦一邪臣浮说,犯上禁,桡明法。天子以太后故,不忍致法於王。太后日夜涕泣,幸大王自改,而大王终不觉寤。有如太后宫车即晏驾,大王尚谁攀乎?”语未卒,孝王泣数行下,谢安国曰:“吾今出诡、胜。”诡、胜自杀。汉使还报,梁事皆得释,安国之力也。於是景帝、太后益重安国。孝王卒,共王即位,安国坐法失官,居家。
 
  建元中,武安侯田蚡为汉太尉,亲贵用事,安国以五百金物遗蚡。蚡言安国太后,天子亦素闻其贤,即召以为北地都尉,迁为大司农。闽越、东越相攻,安国及大行王恢将。未至越,越杀其王降,汉兵亦罢。建元六年,武安侯为丞相,安国为御史大夫。
 
  匈奴来请和亲,天子下议。大行王恢,燕人也,数为边吏,习知胡事。议曰:“汉与匈奴和亲,率不过数岁即复倍约。不如勿许,兴兵击之。”安国曰:“千里而战,兵不获利。今匈奴负戎马之足,怀禽兽之心,迁徙鸟举,难得而制也。得其地不足以为广,有其众不足以为彊,自上古不属为人。汉数千里争利,则人马罢,虏以全制其敝。且彊弩之极,矢不能穿鲁缟;冲风之末,力不能漂鸿毛。非初不劲,末力衰也。击之不便,不如和亲。”群臣议者多附安国,於是上许和亲。
 
  其明年,则元光元年,雁门马邑豪聂翁壹因大行王恢言上曰:“匈奴初和亲,亲信边,可诱以利。”阴使聂翁壹为间,亡入匈奴,谓单于曰:“吾能斩马邑令丞吏,以城降,财物可尽得。”单于爱信之,以为然,许聂翁壹。聂翁壹乃还,诈斩死罪囚,县其头马邑城,示单于使者为信。曰:“马邑长吏已死,可急来。”於是单于穿塞将十馀万骑,入武州塞。
 
  当是时,汉伏兵车骑材官二十馀万,匿马邑旁谷中。卫尉李广为骁骑将军,太仆公孙贺为轻车将军,大行王恢为将屯将军,太中大夫李息为材官将军。御史大夫韩安国为护军将军,诸将皆属护军。约单于入马邑而汉兵纵发。王恢、李息、李广别从代主击其辎重。於是单于入汉长城武州塞。未至马邑百馀里,行掠卤,徒见畜牧於野,不见一人。单于怪之,攻烽燧,得武州尉史。欲刺问尉史。尉史曰:“汉兵数十万伏马邑下。”单于顾谓左右曰:“几为汉所卖!”乃引兵还。出塞,曰:“吾得尉史,乃天也。”命尉史为“天王”。塞下传言单于已引去。汉兵追至塞,度弗及,即罢。王恢等兵三万,闻单于不与汉合,度往击辎重,必与单于精兵战,汉兵势必败,则以便宜罢兵,皆无功。
 
  天子怒王恢不出击单于辎重,擅引兵罢也。恢曰:“始约虏入马邑城,兵与单于接,而臣击其辎重,可得利。今单于闻,不至而还,臣以三万人众不敌,礻是取辱耳。臣固知还而斩,然得完陛下士三万人。”於是下恢廷尉。廷尉当恢逗桡,当斩。恢私行千金丞相蚡。蚡不敢言上,而言於太后曰:“王恢首造马邑事,今不成而诛恢,是为匈奴报仇也。”上朝太后,太后以丞相言告上。上曰:“首为马邑事者,恢也,故发天下兵数十万,从其言,为此。且纵单于不可得,恢所部击其辎重,犹颇可得,以慰士大夫心。今不诛恢,无以谢天下。”於是恢闻之,乃自杀。
 
  安国为人多大略,智足以当世取合,而出於忠厚焉。贪嗜於财。所推举皆廉士,贤於己者也。於梁举壶遂、臧固、郅他,皆天下名士,士亦以此称慕之,唯天子以为国器。安国为御史大夫四岁馀,丞相田蚡死,安国行丞相事,奉引堕车蹇。天子议置相,欲用安国,使使视之,蹇甚,乃更以平棘侯薛泽为丞相。安国病免数月,蹇愈,上复以安国为中尉。岁馀,徙为卫尉。
 
  车骑将军卫青击匈奴,出上谷,破胡茏城。将军李广为匈奴所得,复失之;公孙敖大亡卒:皆当斩,赎为庶人。明年,匈奴大入边,杀辽西太守,及入雁门,所杀略数千人。车骑将军卫青击之,出雁门。卫尉安国为材官将军,屯於渔阳。安国捕生虏,言匈奴远去。即上书言方田作时,请且罢军屯。罢军屯月馀,匈奴大入上谷、渔阳。安国壁乃有七百馀人,出与战,不胜,复入壁。匈奴虏略千馀人及畜产而去。天子闻之,怒,使使责让安国。徒安国益东,屯右北平。是时匈奴虏言当入东方。
 
  安国始为御史大夫及护军,後稍斥疏,下迁;而新幸壮将军卫青等有功,益贵。安国既疏远,默默也;将屯又为匈奴所欺,失亡多,甚自愧。幸得罢归,乃益东徙屯,意忽忽不乐。数月,病欧血死。安国以元朔二年中卒。
 
  太史公曰:余与壶遂定律历,观韩长孺之义,壶遂之深中隐厚。世之言梁多长者,不虚哉!壶遂官至詹事,天子方倚以为汉相,会遂卒。不然,壶遂之内廉行脩,斯鞠躬君子也。
 
  安国忠厚,初为梁将。因事坐法,免徒起相。死灰更然,生虏失防。推贤见重,贿金贻谤。雪泣悟主,臣节可亮。



  • New Sinology Title:
    Roll biographies of 108 · Han Changru the 48th _ history write down

    New Sinology Chapter:
    Roll biographies of 108 · Han Changru the 48th

    New Sinology BookName:
    History write down

    New Sinology Catalog:
    History ministry

    New Sinology Content:

    The person that Han of drive history doctor brings a country, liang Chengan's person also, sui of after move from one place to another is in relief. Taste suffer Han Zi, the Eclectics to say to give birth to place at Zou cropland. The doctor in Wang Wei of thing bridge filial piety. When Wu Chu is turned over, filial piety king makes install country and Zhang Yu to be will, bound of Wu Dong of Wu Bing. Battle of Zhang Yu force, the cautious that bring a country, with reason cannot lintel. Wu Chu is broken already, install name of country, Zhang Yu to be shown from this.

     
    King of bridge filial piety, younger brother of scene emperor mother, love after Dou Tai, make derive from the photograph that ask buy, 2000 stone, discrepancy game, wu Tianzi of overstep one's authority. The emperor hears, the heart nots be apt to also. Mother of an emperor knows not to be pooh-poohed of the Supreme Being, it is angry bridge emissary, not see, place of case duty king is. Han Anguo is bridge to make, see big long princess and sob says: "Humanness of He Liang king child filial piety, of humanness official faithful, does Ceng Fu visit queen mother also? Husband eve, when Hunan, neat, Zhao Qiguo is turned over, close oneself to the south of all close from on the west countryside, alone bridge is the closest for hardship. Liang Wangnian mother of an emperor, emperor is in in, and vassal and disturbed, number of one character sob falls all right, genuflect sends the 6 people such as official, will arms the Wu Chu that attack , wu Chu with reason arms not dare on the west, and soldier is broken die, liangwang's force also. Today mother of an emperor with nodular exacting ceremony duty looks at Liang Wang. Bridge king father and elder brothers all monarch, the person that be seen is big, friend goes weigh Bi, enter talk alarm, che Qi all place of the Supreme Being is granted also, be about to despise with namely county, drive gallop in the country, with boast vassal, your the world all knows mother of an emperor, Di Aizhi also. Today bridge makes come, always of case duty. Liang Wang fears, weep day and night think of sb with respect, do not know what to be. He Liang Wang Zhi is child filial piety, for me faithful, and does mother of an emperor not compensate also? " big long princess is provided in order to tell queen mother, mother of an emperor is fond of: "It is the emperor of character. " of character, heart of the Supreme Being is solution, and without hat thanks mother of an emperor to say: "Brother cannot teach, it is care of involuntary discharge of urine of mother of an emperor therefore. " all sees bridge makes, hou Cizhi. Beneficial of king of its after bridge kisses Zuo . Mother of an emperor, long princess more grant An Guoke straight 1000 Yu gold. The name is shown from this, knot Wu Han.
     
    Its after installs a country to sit law be punished for a crime, disgrace of armour of unconscious jailor cropland brings a country. Install a country to say: "Dead ash alone not answer like that? " Tian Jia says: "Like that namely of be addicted to. " house without why, inside bridge history be short of, chinese make emissary Bai Anguo is bridge inside history, 2000 stone are in having person. Tian Jia dies. Install a country to say: "Armour not with respect to the official, I destroy and ancestor. " armour withers because of fleshy leave uncovered. An Guoxiao says: "But be addicted to! Fair wait sufficient with treat? " soldier be apt to encounters.
     
    The Shi Zhi inside bridge is short of also, filial piety king gets cunning of neat person a surname newly, those who say, be about to think please inside history. Antrum mother of an emperor is heard, instruct therefore Wang Yian country is inside history.
     
    A surname cunning, Yang Sheng says filial piety king seeks the prince that it is the Supreme Being and beneficial ground job, fear Han Dachen listening, it is shade to make the person is pricked Chinese act is sought official. Reach full of Yuan of the Wu Xiang that kill friend, jing Disui hears cunning, get the better of wait for plan picture, it is dispatch to make catch cunning, get the better of, must. Chinese make 10 generation come bridge, the following the whole nation alls alone greatly, lunar Yu is not gotten. Shi Anguo hears place of king of cunning, filial piety success conceal inside, install a country to enter see king and sob says: "Advocate disgrace official is dead. King does not have fine official, story in succession so far. Weir today, get the better of must not, ask demit to be granted dead. " Wang Yue: "He Zhi this? " number of the sob that bring a country falls all right, say: "King spends Wu Huang emperor oneself, of what and a title assumed by an emperor's father who abdicated in favor of his son reach an emperor with tall emperor with face river king to kiss? " filial piety king says: "Be like,not also. " install a country to say: "Husband too on, face river close father and son between, however Gao Di says ' carry 3 feet sword to take the world Zhe Zhen also ' , reason a title assumed by an emperor's father who abdicated in favor of his son must not make an issue eventually, be on oak this world. Face river king, Zuo grows prince also, pass with one character, abandon Wang Linjiang; With palace wall thing, government office of soldier suicide lieutenant. Why person? Govern the world eventually not with illicit chaos fair. Language say: ' although have dear father, how to know its to not be a tiger? Although have close elder brother, how to know its to not be a wolf? ' today king row is in vassal, float of one evil official says Yue, go against one's superiors is banned, oar bright law. The reason after the emperor aether, cannot bear the Wu Wang that extend a law. Mother of an emperor weeps day and night, favour king changes oneself, and king does not become aware eventually awake. Be like Che Jiyan of palace of mother of an emperor to drive, king still who is climbed? " language not soldier, number of sob of filial piety king falls all right, xie Anguo says: "I gives cunning today, get the better of. " cunning, get the better of the suicide. Chinese make return a newspaper, bridge thing all is gotten commentate, the force that brings a country also. At it is beneficial of scene emperor, mother of an emperor brings a country again. Xiao Wangcu, in all king accession, install a country to sit the law loses an official, house home.
     
    Build yuan in, fierce installs Hou Tian Ting to be Han Taiwei, kiss expensive act, install a country to offer as a gift with 500 gold content Ting . Mother of an emperor of Ting Yan Anguo, the emperor Yi Suwen its virtuous, namely call together thinks boreal ground Dou Wei, change is large department farming. Fujian is jumped over, east attack more, install country and big Wang Hui general. Did not come more, kill its Wang Jiang more, han Bing also stops. Build yuan 6 years, wu Anhou is prime minister, install a country to be drive history doctor.
     
    Hun will ask and kiss, discuss below the emperor. Big Wang Hui, swallow person also, number is edge official, be used to knows introduced from the northern and western nationalities or from abroad thing. Discuss: "Chinese mix with Hun close, had not led several years old namely answer times about. Be inferior to be not being made, xing Bing attacks. " install a country to say: "A thousand li and battle, arms do not gain profit. Today Hun is lost those who army horse is sufficient, conceive the heart of birds and beasts, migrate the bird is lifted, god-given and make also. Its ground can't be is wide, have its numerous inadequacy thinks , from antediluvian do not belong to humanness. Chinese number a thousand li disputes benefit, criterion forces dismisses, captive with making its completely our. And of crossbow extremely, arrow cannot wear rash white; Pour the powder of wind, force cannot bleach something insignificant. At the beginning of blame not strong, end force declines also. Those who attack is disadvantageous, be inferior to and kiss. " group the person that I are discussed is added more bring a country, at it is to go up to make and kiss.
     
    Its next year, yuan of smooth the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor, because Weng Yi of Nie of a person of extraordinary powers of city of horse of wild goose door says on Wang Huiyan all right greatly: "Mix at the beginning of Hun close, trusted follower edge, can lure with benefit. " shade makes Nie Weng Yi is, die Hun, call chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China says: "I can Ling Chengli of behead horse city, fall with the city, property can be used up. " chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China loves a letter, think like that, make Nie Weng Yi. Nie Weng Yi is returned therefore, convict of cheat behead capital crime, county town of city of its lead horse, show emissary of chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China to be a letter. Say: "Ma Yi grows official to already died, can come urgently. " at it is chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China wears general of a place of strategic importance 10 Yu 10 thousand ride,
     
    Should be when, han Fubing car drives timber official 20 Yu 10 thousand, in the cereal other conceal horse city. The Li An that defend Wei rides a general for brave, too congratulate of fall forward a surname is small car general, big Wang Hui is collect general, too medium doctor plum breath is timber official general. Han Anguo of drive history doctor is protect army general, all all will belong to protect army. Make an appointment with chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China to enter Ma Yi and even if Han Bing is sent. Wang Hui, plum breath, Li An is fastened from era advocate attack its supplies and gear of an army. At it is chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China is entered Chinese administrative division of Great Wall military fills in. Did not come Ma Yi in 100 Yu, sweep past bittern all right, apprentice sees pasturage Wu Ye, do not see one person. Chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China is strange, attack beacon flint, get Wei Shi of military administrative division. Be about to prick ask Wei Shi. Wei Shi says: "City of tens of horse of 10 thousand bend over issue Han Bing. " Gu Weizun of chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China is right say: "A few sell for Chinese place! " bring therefore arms still. Give a place of strategic importance, say: "I gets Wei Shi, it is a day also. " life Wei Shi is " day king " . Chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China of the hearsay below a place of strategic importance already was brought. Han Bing is chased after to a place of strategic importance, degree not reach, stop namely. The arms such as Wang Hui 30 thousand, hear chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China not with Chinese close, degree toward attack supplies and gear of an army, surely with battle of picked troops of chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China, chinese arms certainly will is defeated, nix result.
     
    Extensive of the emperor angry king does not hit out supplies and gear of an army of chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China, arrogate to oneself is brought arms stop also. Extensive says: "Only then make an appointment with captive to enter equestrian city town, arms and chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China are received, and I attack its supplies and gear of an army, can get benefit. Today chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China is heard, do not come and return, official with 30 thousand people numerous not enemy, piao is ear extraction disgrace. Official solid knows to return and behead, get corporal aing flight of steps leading to a palace hall like that 30 thousand people. " at it is Wei of the court of a feudal ruler issueing extensive. Wei of the court of a feudal ruler amuses oar when extensive, when behead. Ting of prime minister of a thousand pieces of gold of extensive illicit travel. Ting not dare on character, wu Tai hind says: "Wang Hui head creates equestrian city job, won't do today and kill extensive, it is to be Hun to revenge also. " mother of an emperor of go to court, mother of an emperor is accused with prime minister character. Go up: "Head the person that it is equestrian city thing, extensive also, reason sends the world soldier tens of 10 thousand, from its character, for this. And vertical chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China cannot be gotten, extensive troops under one's command attacks its supplies and gear of an army, still can get quite,
     
    The humanness that bring a country is much ruder, wisdom enough is taken when the world close, and give Wu Zhonghou Yan. The Wu Cai that have an insatiable desire for be addicted to. Place choose all cheap person, virtuous Wu Ji person also. At Liang Ju crock is satisfied, Zang Gu, most he, all the world Mingshi, person also weigh Mu Zhi with this, only the emperor thinks country implement. Install a country to be drive history doctor 4 years old Yu, Ting of prime minister cropland is dead, thing of An Guohang prime minister, act according to the Che Jian that cause fall. The emperor discusses buy photograph, be about to use bring a country, make make inspect, jian very, therefore more with Ping Jihou Xue Ze is prime minister. The disease that bring a country avoids a few months, jian Yu, on answer it is first lieutenant in order to bring a country. Year old Yu, move from one place to another is Wei Wei.
     
    The car drives general Wei Qing to attack Hun, piece go up cereal, defeat Hu Longcheng. General Li An is Hun earning, answer break; A surname Ao dies greatly soldier: All become behead, atone for is person of be the concubine. Next year, hun enters an edge greatly, kill distant on the west viceregal, reach wild goose door, be killed slightly thousands of person. The car drives general Wei Qing to attack, give wild goose door. Defend Wei Anguo to be timber official general, collect Wu Yuyang. Install a country to catch unripe captive, character Hun is far go. Namely when Yan Fangtian of submit a written statement to a higher authority is made, please and stop army collect. Stop Yu of army quarter moon, hun is entered greatly on cereal, fishing is in relief. An Guobi has 700 Yu person therefore, piece with battle, deeply, answer enter a wall. Hun captive 1000 Yu person reachs livestock product and go slightly. The emperor hears, angry, make duty let bring a country. Apprentice An Guoyi east, collect right north is smooth. Be when Hun captive character should enter east.
     
    Bring a country only then it is drive history doctor to reach protect army, after opens up a bit scanty, issue change; And the have rendered great service such as Wei Qing of new Xing Zhuang's general, increase is costly. Install a country to estrange already, silent also; It is collect Hun place bully again, break die much, very from ashamed. I hope so that stop to return, dong Xitun you beneficial, meaning now.. is not happy. A few months, ill Europe blood is dead. Bring a country with Yuan Shuo the soldier in 2 years.
     
    Too history fair say: Beyond satisfy mensurable all previous with crock, watch Han Changru justice, what crock satisfies is deep in concealed is thick. The character bridge much better of the world, not Xu Zai! Crock satisfies Guan Zhizhan thing, the emperor Fang Yi thinks Chinese photograph, can satisfy soldier. Otherwise, crock is satisfied in cheap travel Man , si Ju bend forward gentleman also.
     
    Bring a country honest and tolerant, bridge general is first. Sit on business law, avoid the appearance since apprentice. Dead ash more like that, unripe captive is broken prevent. Push virtuous see heavy, bribe gold leave behind slanders. Xue Qiwu advocate, official length can shine.


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