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卷一百一十二·平津侯主父列传_史记

  丞相公孙弘者,齐菑川国薛县人也,字季。少时为薛狱吏,有罪,免家贫,牧豕海上。年四十馀,乃学春秋杂说。养後母孝谨。

 
  建元元年,天子初即位,招贤良文学之士。是时弘年六十,徵以贤良为博士。使匈奴,还报,不合上意,上怒,以为不能,弘乃病免归。
 
  元光五年,有诏徵文学,菑川国复推上公孙弘。弘让谢国人曰:“臣已尝西应命,以不能罢归,原更推选。”国人固推弘,弘至太常。太常令所徵儒士各对策,百馀人,弘第居下。策奏,天子擢弘对为第一。召入见,状貌甚丽,拜为博士。是时通西南夷道,置郡,巴蜀民苦之,诏使弘视之。还奏事,盛毁西南夷无所用,上不听。
 
  弘为人恢奇多闻,常称以为人主病不广大,人臣病不俭节。弘为布被,食不重肉。後母死,服丧三年。每朝会议,开陈其端,令人主自择,不肯面折庭争。於是天子察其行敦厚,辩论有馀,习文法吏事,而又缘饰以儒术,上大说之。二岁中,至左内史。弘奏事,有不可,不庭辩之。尝与主爵都尉汲黯请间,汲黯先发之,弘推其後,天子常说,所言皆听,以此日益亲贵。尝与公卿约议,至上前,皆倍其约以顺上旨。汲黯庭诘弘曰:“齐人多诈而无情实,始与臣等建此议,今皆倍之,不忠。”上问弘。弘谢曰:“夫知臣者以臣为忠,不知臣者以臣为不忠。”上然弘言。左右幸臣每毁弘,上益厚遇之。
 
  元朔三年,张欧免,以弘为御史大夫。是时通西南夷,东置沧海,北筑朔方之郡。弘数谏,以为罢敝中国以奉无用之地,原罢之。於是天子乃使硃买臣等难弘置朔方之便。发十策,弘不得一。弘乃谢曰:“山东鄙人,不知其便若是,原罢西南夷、沧海而专奉朔方。”上乃许之。
 
  汲黯曰:“弘位在三公,奉禄甚多。然为布被,此诈也。”上问弘。弘谢曰:“有之。夫九卿与臣善者无过黯,然今日庭诘弘,诚中弘之病。夫以三公为布被,诚饰诈欲以钓名。且臣闻管仲相齐,有三归,侈拟於君,桓公以霸,亦上僭於君。晏婴相景公,食不重肉,妾不衣丝,齐国亦治,此下比於民。今臣弘位为御史大夫,而为布被,自九卿以下至於小吏,无差,诚如汲黯言。且无汲黯忠,陛下安得闻此言。”天子以为谦让,愈益厚之。卒以弘为丞相,封平津侯。
 
  弘为人意忌,外宽内深。诸尝与弘有卻者,虽详与善,阴报其祸。杀主父偃,徙董仲舒於胶西,皆弘之力也。食一肉脱粟之饭。故人所善宾客,仰衣食,弘奉禄皆以给之,家无所馀。士亦以此贤之。
 
  淮南、衡山谋反,治党与方急。弘病甚,自以为无功而封,位至丞相,宜佐明主填抚国家,使人由臣子之道。今诸侯有畔逆之计,此皆宰相奉职不称,恐窃病死,无以塞责。乃上书曰:“臣闻天下之通道五,所以行之者三。曰君臣,父子,兄弟,夫妇,长幼之序,此五者天下之通道也。智,仁,勇,此三者天下之通德,所以行之者也。故曰‘力行近乎仁,好问近乎智,知耻近乎勇’。知此三者,则知所以自治;知所以自治,然後知所以治人。天下未有不能自治而能治人者也,此百世不易之道也。今陛下躬行大孝,鉴三王,建周道,兼文武,厉贤予禄,量能授官。今臣弘罢驽之质,无汗马之劳,陛下过意擢臣弘卒伍之中,封为列侯,致位三公。臣弘行能不足以称,素有负薪之病,恐先狗马填沟壑,终无以报德塞责。原归侯印,乞骸骨,避贤者路。”天子报曰:“古者赏有功,褎有德,守成尚文,遭遇右武,未有易此者也。朕宿昔庶几获承尊位,惧不能宁,惟所与共为治者,君宜知之。盖君子善善恶恶,君若谨行,常在朕躬。君不幸罹霜露之病,何恙不已,乃上书归侯,乞骸骨,是章朕之不德也。今事少间,君其省思虑,一精神,辅以医药。”因赐告牛酒杂帛。居数月,病有瘳,视事。
 
  元狩二年,弘病,竟以丞相终。子度嗣为平津侯。度为山阳太守十馀岁,坐法失侯。
 
  主父偃者,齐临菑人也。学长短纵横之术,晚乃学易、春秋、百家言。游齐诸生间,莫能厚遇也。齐诸儒生相与排摈,不容於齐。家贫,假贷无所得,乃北游燕、赵、中山,皆莫能厚遇,为客甚困。孝武元光元年中,以为诸侯莫足游者,乃西入关见卫将军。卫将军数言上,上不召。资用乏,留久,诸公宾客多厌之,乃上书阙下。朝奏,暮召入见。所言九事,其八事为律令,一事谏伐匈奴。其辞曰:
 
  臣闻明主不恶切谏以博观,忠臣不敢避重诛以直谏,是故事无遗策而功流万世。今臣不敢隐忠避死以效愚计,原陛下幸赦而少察之。
 
  司马法曰:“国虽大,好战必亡;天下虽平,忘战必危。”天下既平,天子大凯,春蒐秋狝,诸侯春振旅,秋治兵,所以不忘战也。且夫怒者逆德也,兵者凶器也,争者末节也。古之人君一怒必伏尸流血,故圣王重行之。夫务战胜穷武事者,未有不悔者也。昔秦皇帝任战胜之威,蚕食天下,并吞战国,海内为一,功齐三代。务胜不休,欲攻匈奴,李斯谏曰:“不可。夫匈奴无城郭之居,委积之守,迁徙鸟举,难得而制也。轻兵深入,粮食必绝;踵粮以行,重不及事。得其地不足以为利也,遇其民不可役而守也。胜必杀之,非民父母也。靡弊中国,快心匈奴,非长策也。”秦皇帝不听,遂使蒙恬将兵攻胡,辟地千里,以河为境。地固泽卤,不生五穀。然後发天下丁男以守北河。暴兵露师十有馀年,死者不可胜数,终不能逾河而北。是岂人众不足,兵革不备哉?其势不可也。又使天下蜚刍輓粟,起於黄、腄、琅邪负海之郡,转输北河,率三十锺而致一石。男子疾耕不足於粮饟,女子纺绩不足於帷幕。百姓靡敝,孤寡老弱不能相养,道路死者相望,盖天下始畔秦也。
 
  及至高皇帝定天下,略地於边,闻匈奴聚於代谷之外而欲击之。御史成进谏曰:“不可。夫匈奴之性,兽聚而鸟散,从之如搏影。今以陛下盛德攻匈奴,臣窃危之。”高帝不听,遂北至於代谷,果有平城之围。高皇帝盖悔之甚,乃使刘敬往结和亲之约,然後天下忘干戈之事。故兵法曰“兴师十万,日费千金”。夫秦常积众暴兵数十万人,虽有覆军杀将系虏单于之功,亦適足以结怨深雠,不足以偿天下之费。夫上虚府库,下敝百姓,甘心於外国,非完事也。夫匈奴难得而制,非一世也。行盗侵驱,所以为业也,天性固然。上及虞夏殷周,固弗程督,禽兽畜之,不属为人。夫上不观虞夏殷周之统,而下近世之失,此臣之所大忧,百姓之所疾苦也。且夫兵久则变生,事苦则虑易。乃使边境之民弊靡愁苦而有离心,将吏相疑而外市,故尉佗、章邯得以成其私也。夫秦政之所以不行者,权分乎二子,此得失之效也。故周书曰“安危在出令,存亡在所用”。原陛下详察之,少加意而熟虑焉。
 
  是时赵人徐乐、齐人严安俱上书言世务,各一事。徐乐曰:臣闻天下之患在於土崩,不在於瓦解,古今一也。何谓土崩?秦之末世是也。陈涉无千乘之尊,尺土之地,身非王公大人名族之後,无乡曲之誉,非有孔、墨、曾子之贤,陶硃、猗顿之富也,然起穷巷,奋棘矜,偏袒大呼而天下从风,此其故何也?由民困而主不恤,下怨而上不知,俗已乱而政不脩,此三者陈涉之所以为资也。是之谓土崩。故曰天下之患在於土崩。何谓瓦解?吴、楚、齐、赵之兵是也。七国谋为大逆,号皆称万乘之君,带甲数十万,威足以严其境内,财足以劝其士民,然不能西攘尺寸之地而身为禽於中原者,此其故何也?非权轻於匹夫而兵弱於陈涉也,当是之时,先帝之德泽未衰而安土乐俗之民众,故诸侯无境外之助。此之谓瓦解,故曰天下之患不在瓦解。由是观之,天下诚有土崩之势,虽布衣穷处之士或首恶而危海内,陈涉是也。况三晋之君或存乎!天下虽未有大治也,诚能无土崩之势,虽有彊国劲兵不得旋踵而身为禽矣,吴、楚、齐、赵是也。况群臣百姓能为乱乎哉!此二体者,安危之明要也,贤主所留意而深察也。
 
  间者关东五穀不登,年岁未复,民多穷困,重之以边境之事,推数循理而观之,则民且有不安其处者矣。不安故易动。易动者,土崩之势也。故贤主独观万化之原,明於安危之机,脩之庙堂之上,而销未形之患。其要,期使天下无土崩之势而已矣。故虽有彊国劲兵,陛下逐走兽,射蜚鸟,弘游燕之囿,淫纵恣之观,极驰骋之乐,自若也。金石丝竹之声不绝於耳,帷帐之私俳优侏儒之笑不乏於前,而天下无宿忧。名何必汤武,俗何必成康!虽然,臣窃以为陛下天然之圣,宽仁之资,而诚以天下为务,则汤武之名不难侔,而成康之俗可复兴也。此二体者立,然後处尊安之实,扬名广誉於当世,亲天下而服四夷,馀恩遗德为数世隆,南面负扆摄袂而揖王公,此陛下之所服也。臣闻图王不成,其敝足以安。安则陛下何求而不得,何为而不成,何征而不服乎哉!严安上书曰:
 
  臣闻周有天下,其治三百馀岁,成康其隆也,刑错四十馀年而不用。及其衰也,亦三百馀岁,故五伯更起。五伯者,常佐天子兴利除害,诛暴禁邪,匡正海内,以尊天子。五伯既没,贤圣莫续,天子孤弱,号令不行。诸侯恣行,彊陵弱,众暴寡,田常篡齐,六卿分晋,并为战国,此民之始苦也。於是彊国务攻,弱国备守,合从连横,驰车击毂,介胄生虮虱,民无所告愬。
 
  及至秦王,蚕食天下,并吞战国,称号曰皇帝,主海内之政,坏诸侯之城,销其兵,铸以为锺虡,示不复用。元元黎民得免於战国,逢明天子,人人自以为更生。乡使秦缓其刑罚,薄赋敛,省繇役,贵仁义,贱权利,上笃厚,下智巧,变风易俗,化於海内,则世世必安矣。秦不行是风而其故俗,为智巧权利者进,笃厚忠信者退;法严政峻,谄谀者众,日闻其美,意广心轶。欲肆威海外,乃使蒙恬将兵以北攻胡,辟地进境,戍於北河,蜚刍輓粟以随其後。又使尉屠睢将楼船之士南攻百越,使监禄凿渠运粮,深入越,越人遁逃。旷日持久,粮食绝乏,越人击之,秦兵大败。秦乃使尉佗将卒以戍越。当是时,秦祸北构於胡,南挂於越,宿兵无用之地,进而不得退。行十馀年,丁男被甲,丁女转输,苦不聊生,自经於道树,死者相望。及秦皇帝崩,天下大叛。陈胜、吴广举陈,武臣、张耳举赵,项梁举吴,田儋举齐,景驹举郢,周市举魏,韩广举燕,穷山通谷豪士并起,不可胜载也。然皆非公侯之後,非长官之吏也。无尺寸之势,起闾巷,杖棘矜,应时而皆动,不谋而俱起,不约而同会,壤长地进,至于霸王,时教使然也。秦贵为天子,富有天下,灭世绝祀者,穷兵之祸也。故周失之弱,秦失之彊,不变之患也。
 
  今欲招南夷,朝夜郎,降羌僰,略濊州,建城邑,深入匈奴,燔其茏城,议者美之。此人臣之利也,非天下之长策也。今中国无狗吠之惊,而外累於远方之备,靡敝国家,非所以子民也。行无穷之欲,甘心快意,结怨於匈奴,非所以安边也。祸结而不解,兵休而复起,近者愁苦,远者惊骇,非所以持久也。今天下锻甲砥剑,桥箭累弦,转输运粮,未见休时,此天下之所共忧也。夫兵久而变起,事烦而虑生。今外郡之地或几千里,列城数十,形束壤制,旁胁诸侯,非公室之利也。上观齐晋之所以亡者,公室卑削,六卿大盛也;下观秦之所以灭者,严法刻深,欲大无穷也。今郡守之权,非特六卿之重也;地几千里,非特闾巷之资也;甲兵器械,非特棘矜之用也:以遭万世之变,则不可称讳也。
 
  书奏天子,天子召见三人,谓曰:“公等皆安在?何相见之晚也!”於是上乃拜主父偃、徐乐、严安为郎中。数见,上疏言事,诏拜偃为谒者,迁为中大夫。一岁中四迁偃。
 
  偃说上曰:“古者诸侯不过百里,彊弱之形易制。今诸侯或连城数十,地方千里,缓则骄奢易为淫乱,急则阻其彊而合从以逆京师。今以法割削之,则逆节萌起,前日晁错是也。今诸侯子弟或十数,而適嗣代立,馀虽骨肉,无尺寸地封,则仁孝之道不宣。原陛下令诸侯得推恩分子弟,以地侯之。彼人人喜得所原,上以德施,实分其国,不削而稍弱矣。”於是上从其计。又说上曰:“茂陵初立,天下豪桀并兼之家,乱众之民,皆可徙茂陵,内实京师,外销奸猾,此所谓不诛而害除。”上又从其计。
 
  尊立卫皇后,及发燕王定国阴事,盖偃有功焉。大臣皆畏其口,赂遗累千金。人或说偃曰:“太横矣。”主父曰:“臣结发游学四十馀年,身不得遂,亲不以为子,昆弟不收,宾客弃我,我戹日久矣。且丈夫生不五鼎食,死即五鼎烹耳。吾日暮途远,故倒行暴施之。”
 
  偃盛言朔方地肥饶,外阻河,蒙恬城之以逐匈奴,内省转输戍漕,广中国,灭胡之本也。上览其说,下公卿议,皆言不便。公孙弘曰:“秦时常发三十万众筑北河,终不可就,已而弃之。”主父偃盛言其便,上竟用主父计,立朔方郡。
 
  元朔二年,主父言齐王内淫佚行僻,上拜主父为齐相。至齐,遍召昆弟宾客,散五百金予之,数之曰:“始吾贫时,昆弟不我衣食,宾客不我内门;今吾相齐,诸君迎我或千里。吾与诸君绝矣,毋复入偃之门!”乃使人以王与姊奸事动王,王以为终不得脱罪,恐效燕王论死,乃自杀。有司以闻。
 
  主父始为布衣时,尝游燕、赵,及其贵,发燕事。赵王恐其为国患,欲上书言其阴事,为偃居中,不敢发。及为齐相,出关,即使人上书,告言主父偃受诸侯金,以故诸侯子弟多以得封者。及齐王自杀,上闻大怒,以为主父劫其王令自杀,乃徵下吏治。主父服受诸侯金,实不劫王令自杀。上欲勿诛,是时公孙弘为御史大夫,乃言曰:“齐王自杀无後,国除为郡,入汉,主父偃本首恶,陛下不诛主父偃,无以谢天下。”乃遂族主父偃。
 
  主父方贵幸时,宾客以千数,及其族死,无一人收者,唯独洨孔车收葬之。天子後闻之,以为孔车长者也。
 
  太史公曰:公孙弘行义虽脩,然亦遇时。汉兴八十馀年矣,上方乡文学,招俊乂,以广儒墨,弘为举首。主父偃当路,诸公皆誉之,及名败身诛,士争言其恶。悲夫!
 
  太皇太后诏大司徒大司空:“盖闻治国之道,富民为始;富民之要,在於节俭。孝经曰‘安上治民,莫善於礼’。‘礼,与奢也宁俭’。昔者管仲相齐桓,霸诸侯,有九合一匡之功,而仲尼谓之不知礼,以其奢泰侈拟於君故也。夏禹卑宫室,恶衣服,後圣不循。由此言之,治之盛也,德优矣,莫高於俭。俭化俗民,则尊卑之序得,而骨肉之恩亲,争讼之原息。斯乃家给人足,刑错之本也欤?可不务哉!夫三公者,百寮之率,万民之表也。未有树直表而得曲影者也。孔子不云乎,‘子率而正,孰敢不正’。‘举善而教不能则劝’。维汉兴以来,股肱宰臣身行俭约,轻财重义,较然著明,未有若故丞相平津侯公孙弘者也。位在丞相而为布被,脱粟之饭,不过一肉。故人所善宾客皆分奉禄以给之,无有所馀。诚内自克约而外从制。汲黯诘之,乃闻于朝,此可谓减於制度而可施行者也。德优则行,否则止,与内奢泰而外为诡服以钓虚誉者殊科。以病乞骸骨,孝武皇帝即制曰‘赏有功,襃有德,善善恶恶,君宜知之。其省思虑,存精神,辅以医药’。赐告治病,牛酒杂帛。居数月,有瘳,视事。至元狩二年,竟以善终于相位。夫知臣莫若君,此其效也。弘子度嗣爵,後为山阳太守,坐法失侯。夫表德章义,所以率俗厉化,圣王之制,不易之道也。其赐弘後子孙之次当为後者爵关内侯,食邑三百户,徵诣公车,上名尚书,朕亲临拜焉。”
 
  班固称曰:公孙弘、卜式、兒宽皆以鸿渐之翼困於燕雀,远迹羊豕之间,非遇其时,焉能致此位乎?是时汉兴六十馀载,海内乂安,府库充实,而四夷未宾,制度多阙,上方欲用文武,求之如弗及。始以蒲轮迎枚生,见主父而叹息。群臣慕乡,异人并出。卜式试於刍牧,弘羊擢於贾竖,卫青奋於奴仆,日磾出於降虏,斯亦曩时版筑饭牛之朋矣。汉之得人,於兹为盛。儒雅则公孙弘、董仲舒、兒宽,笃行则石建、石庆,质直则汲黯、卜式,推贤则韩安国、郑当时,定令则赵禹、张汤,文章则司马迁、相如,滑稽则东方朔、枚皋,应对则严助、硃买臣,历数则唐都、落下闳,协律则李延年,运筹则桑弘羊,奉使则张骞、苏武,将帅则卫青、霍去病,受遗则霍光、金日磾。其馀不可胜纪。是以兴造功业,制度遗文,後世莫及。孝宣承统,纂脩洪业,亦讲论六,招选茂异,而萧望之、梁丘贺、夏侯胜、韦玄成、严彭祖、尹更始以儒术进,刘向、王襃以文章显。将相则张安世、赵充国、魏相、邴吉、于定国、杜延年,治民则黄霸、王成、龚遂、郑弘、邵信臣、韩延寿、尹翁归、赵广汉之属,皆有功迹见述於後。累其名臣,亦其次也。
 
  平津巨儒,晚年始遇。外示宽俭,内怀嫉妒。宠备荣爵,身受肺腑。主父推恩,观时设度。生食五鼎,死非时蠹。



  • New Sinology Title:
    Roll _ history writes down biographies of 112 Hou Zhufu of · smooth ferry

    New Sinology Chapter:
    Roll biographies of Hou Zhufu of 112 · smooth ferry

    New Sinology BookName:
    History write down

    New Sinology Catalog:
    History ministry

    New Sinology Content:

    Great of prime minister a surname person, person of county of Xue of neat Qia plain country also, word season. Little when warder for Xue, guilty, avoid a deficient, herd pigs maritime. Year 40 Yu, learn year therefore miscellaneous say. Raise stepmother Xiao Jin.

     
    Build yuan of the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor, the accession at the beginning of the emperor, enrol able and virtuous literature person. It is Shi Hong year 60, a note of the ancient Chinese five-tone scale with able and virtuous for the doctor. Make Hun, return a newspaper, the meaning on disagreement, go up anger, think cannot,
     
    Yuan Guangwu year, have instruct literature of a note of the ancient Chinese five-tone scale, Qia plain country answer introduce to a surname great. Great lets Xie Guoren say: "I already were tasted the life answers on the west, return with cannot stopping, former more choose. " compatriots solid pushs great, great comes too constant. Often make too a scholar of a note of the ancient Chinese five-tone scale person each countermeasure, 100 Yu person, house issues great. Plan play, great of the emperor promote is right for the first. Call together is entered see, appearance very beautiful, do obeisance to for the doctor. Be when connect southwest to smooth, buy county, ba Shumin is bitter, instruct make great is inspected. Return achieve responsibility, fill destroy southwest exterminate to be used without place, go up not to listen.
     
    Great humanness extensive surprises to be heard more, often say to think person advocate disease is not broad, person official is ill not frugal section. Great is cloth by, eat not heavy meat. Stepmother is dead, be in mourning 3 years. Every morning meeting, open Chen Jiduan, your person advocate from choose, do not agree the face folds front courtyard to contend for. At it is the emperor examine its travel honest and sincere, the controversy has Yu, be used to is grammatical official thing, and the predestined relationship is acted the role of with Confucianism art, say greatly on. In 2 years old, to left inside history. Great achieve thing, have cannot, not of front courtyard argue. Taste with advocate An of Dou Wei draw water asks the rank of nobility, draw water An sends first, great pushs its after, the emperor often says, place talk all lets, kiss increasingly with this expensive. Taste discuss with fair Qing Yao, consummate before, all times its go up with arranging about aim. Front courtyard of draw water An closelies question great says: "Neat person much bluff somebody into giving information and merciless fact, only then wait with me build this to discuss, today all of times, disloyal. " on ask great. Great withers: "The person that the husband knows me is with me faithful, the person that do not know me is with me disloyal. " go up like that great character. Every destroy official of or so favour great, go up increase is large encounter.
     
    Yuan Shuo 3 years, zhang Ou is avoided, it is drive history doctor with great. Be when open southwest safe, east buy the sea, north builds new moon Fang Zhijun. Great counts expostulate with, feel our China in order to give useless ground, stop formerly. At it is the emperor makes Chang buys me to wait for Fang Zhi of new moon of difficult great buy therefore. Send 10 plan, great is not gotten one. Great is Xie Yue: "Shandong I, do not know its if, stop formerly southwest exterminate, the sea and give the first day of the lunar month only square. " go up to be made therefore.
     
    Draw water An says: "Great be in 3 fair, feng Lu is very much. It is cloth like that by, this cheat also. " on ask great. Great withers: "Have. Husband 9 Qing Yuchen be apt to person had not had An, like that now Ting Jihong, sincere in the disease of great. Husband with 3 fair for cloth by, sincere act the role of cheat desire in order to angle renown. And I hear tubal Zhong Xiangqi, 3 return, wasteful draft Wu Jun, post fair with bully, also go up Wu Jun of overstep one's authority. View of comfort baby photograph is general, eat not heavy meat, concubine not garment silk, qi Guoyi is treated, this falls than Wu Min. Today official great it is drive history doctor, and for cloth by, from 9 dear come below Wu Xiaoli, without difference, sincere character of the An that be like draw water. And the An that do not have draw water faithful, how must Majesty hear this talk. " the emperor feels self-effacing, more increase is large. Soldier is prime minister with great, seal Ping Jinhou.
     
    Great is person meaning avoid, outside wide inside deep. All tasting the person that have with great, although detailed and be apt to, shade signs up for its disaster. Kill advocate father falls on his back, wu Jiaoxi of Dong Zhongshu of move from one place to another, all the force of great also. Feed one flesh to take off the meal of millet. Guest of be apt to of old friend place, admire back and belly, great Feng Lujie with giving, the home does not have a Yu. Person also with this virtuous.
     
    South the Huaihe River, judge hill rebel, treat party and square urgent. Great is ill very, flatter oneself is not had result and, to prime minister, appropriate Zun Ming advocate fill stroke a country, make person by official in feudal times path. Today vassal those who bank is gone against plan, this all prime minister in feudal China acts according to duty asymmetry, fear stealing die in one's bed, without with do one's job perfunctorily. It is submit a written statement to a higher authority to say: "The passageway that I hear the world 5, go so person 3. Say Jun Chen, father and son, brother, couple, long young foreword, this 5 person the passageway of the world also. Wisdom, benevolence, brave, this 3 person a heart of the world, go so person also. Friend says ' force goes close to benevolence, good ask close to wisdom, know shame close to brave ' . Know this 3 person, know so autonomy; Know so autonomy, like that after knows to treat a person so. The world is had no cannot autonomy and the person that can treat a person also, the path with this 100 not easy worlds also. Today Majesty bend forward Hang Daxiao, ancient bronze mirror 3 king, build Zhou Dao, hold civil and military concurrently, li Xianyu salary, the quantity can give an official. Today official great stops those who inferior horse is qualitative, do not have the fatigue of sweat horse, majesty crosses great of meaning promote official in soldier five, seal the Hou that it is a row, send 3 fair. Official great goes can can't say, element has the disease of negative firewood, fear first dog horse fills gully, do not have eventually in order to sign up for heart do one's job perfunctorily. Put in Hou Yin 's charge formerly, beg is skeletal, avoid virtuous person road. " the emperor signs up for: "Ancient person enjoy have rendered great service, Xuan has heart, maintain the achievements of one's predecessors Shang Wen, encounter right fierce, have no easy this person also. My Su Xishu a few obtain bear honour, dread cannot could there be, alone place and it is the person that treat in all, jun Yi knows. Good and evil of lid gentleman be apt to is evil, if gentleman goes sincerely, often be in I bend forward. What frost of unfortunate meet with shows gentleman is ill, why to ailment unceasingly, it is submit a written statement to a higher authority to put in Hou 's charge, beg is skeletal, be Zhang Zhen not heart also. Today the thing is little, its save gentleman consider carefully, one spirit, complementary with medicine. " because grant,accuse bovine wine miscellaneous silk. House a few months, disease has Chou, attend to business after assuming office.
     
    Yuan hunting 2 years, great disease, unexpectedly with prime minister eventually. Child spend heir to be Ping Jinhou. Degree defend 10 Yu for Shan Yangtai year old, sit the law breaks Hou.
     
    Advocate the person that father falls on his back, person of Qi Lin Qia also. Learn the skill of accident freely, learn character of easy, age, a hunderd schools late therefore. Between You Qi Zhu Sheng, mo Nenghou is encountered also. Neat Zhuru gives birth to platoon of get along with to discard, not allow Wu Qi. Domestic deficient, the holiday is borrowed without earning, it is boreal You Yan, Zhao, Zhongshan, all Mo Nenghou is encountered, strand very for the guest. In Xiao Wuyuan smooth the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor, feel vassal not the sufficient person that swim, guanjianwei's put sb on the spot is entered on the west therefore. Defend a general to count character to go up, go up not call together. Available lack, stay long, of all official visitor much be disgusted with, it is Que Xia of submit a written statement to a higher authority. Face achieve, dusk call together is entered see. Place character 9 things, its 8 things make for the law, hun of cut down of be related expostulate with. Its decline says:
     
    Official Wen Ming advocate not evil cut expostulate with to be watched with rich, official loyal to his sovereign dare not avoid serious put to death with straight expostulate with, hereat thing does not have plan of involuntary discharge of urine and result shedding all ages. Today official not dare concealed faithful avoid dead with effect I plan,
     
    Minister way says: "Although the country is big, warlike die surely; Although the world is smooth, forget battle highs surely. " the world is made the same score already, the emperor is great triumphant, spring San autumn , vassal Chun Zhenlv, qiu Zhibing, do not forget battle so also. And husband anger person go against heart also, arms person lethal weapon also, minor details of the person that contend for also. Ancient person Jun Yinu needs volt cadaver bleeds, reason emperor king goes again. Thing of poor fierce of husband Wu conquer person, have no not regret person also. Emperor of former times the Qin Dynasty assumes victory power, nibble the world, absorb the Warring States, within the country is one, result Qi San is acting. Wu is gotten the better of endlessly, be about to attack Hun, li Si remonstrates with: "Cannot. Husband Hun does not have the house of inner and outer city walls, appoint accumulate defend, migrate the bird is lifted, god-given and make also. Small army is thorough, commissariat needs absolutely; Heel grain in order to go, heavy not as good as thing. Dejide can't be benefit also, encounter its civilian cannot battle and defend also. Get the better of what kill surely, blame civilian parents also. Waste abuse China, fast heart Hun, be not long whip also. " emperor of the Qin Dynasty does not listen, make arms of Meng Tian general attacks moustache then, monarchingly a thousand li, it is with the river condition. The ground originallies lustre bittern, do not give birth to 5 Er . Like that after sends the world Ding Nan in order to defend boreal river. Filibuster reveals division 10 have Yu year, the dead's countless, cannot even more eventually river and north. Be person numerous inadequacy, is arms change unprepared? Its situation cannot also. Make the world Fei hays again Zuo millet, remove evil of Wu Huang, Mo , Lang to lose Hai Zhijun, turn river is defeated by north, lead 30 a surname and send one stone. Man disease is not worth Wu Liang Zuo n cultivated land, the woman spins accomplishment to be not worth Wu Wei act. Common people blown away by wind is our, the old and weak of orphans and widows cannot be raised, road dead photograph looks, below Gai Tian only then bank Qin Ye.
     
    Reach supreme emperor to decide the world, slightly Wu Bian, hear Hun to get together besides Wu Daigu and be about to attack. Drive Shi Chengjin remonstrates with: "Cannot. The sex of husband Hun, animal gets together and the bird comes loose, from the shadow that be like wrestle. Attack Hun with Majesty Chengde today, I steal danger. " Gao Di does not listen, satisfy north to Wu Daigu, if really those who make the same score a city is surround. Of regret of tall emperor lid very, make Liu Jing goes to what written guarantee and kiss to make an appointment with therefore, the thing of arms forgets below day after tomorrow like that. Reason strategics says " send an army 100 thousand, day expends a lot of money " . Husband the Qin Dynasty often accumulates numerous filibuster tens of 10 thousand people, although Fu army reduces the meritorious service that will be captive chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China, also deep Chou of Zuo enough contract enmity, can't the cost of countervail the world. V/arc government repository of the empty on the husband, issue our common people, readily at the foreign country, blame come to an end also. Husband Hun is god-given and make, blame generation also. Travel pilfer invades drive, it is course of study so also, nature admittedly. Week of anxiety summer abundant is reached on, solid nots Cheng superintend and director, of cultivate of birds and beasts, do not belong to humanness. The interconnected system of week of anxiety summer abundant is not watched on the husband, and fall to be broken recently, the place big concern of this official, the place sufferings of common people also. Ju Fubing is long become unripe, the thing suffers from a Lv easy. Make the civilian fraud of border land noes therefore anxiety and have centrifugal, official photograph doubt outside city, reason Wei Tuo, Zhang Han is able to become its illicit also. The person that husband Qin Zheng is no good, authority is divided 2 child, the effect of this gain and loss also. Reason week book says " safety is in piece your, live or die to be used in place " . Of former Majesty sift, little with close attention and reflective Yan.
     
    Be when Wu of world of character of submit a written statement to a higher authority of Yan An all of Zhao Ren Xu Le, Qi Ren, each be related. Xu Le says: I hear the world suffer from die in Wu Tu, be absent to be solved at tile, gu Jin one also. What is meant by earthy collapse? The last phase of an age of the Qin Dynasty is also. Chen She is not had 1000 multiply honour, the ground of feet earth, body blame princes and dukes Yours Excellency the after of name a group of things with common features, the Qu Zhi that do not have countryside praise, be not those who have aperture, Chinese ink, Cengzi virtuous, du Zhifu of contented Chang , Yi also, remove poor alley like that, pity of act vigorously thorn, partial breathe out greatly and the world from wind, this its reason He Ye? By civilian strand and advocate not compensate, be complained below and go up not to know, common is random already and politics not Man , this 3 person Chen Shezhi is so endowment also. Be call earth dies. Friend says of the world suffer from die in Wu Tu. What is meant by disintegrate? , Hunan, neat, Zhao Zhibing is also. 7 countries are sought for greatest outrage, number all says the 10 thousand gentleman that multiply, take shell tens of 10 thousand, power enough is severe its churchyard, money enough persuades its person civilian, cannot reject on the west like that the ground of dimension and as birds at Central Plains person, this its reason He Ye? Blame advantageous position is small experience of at ordinary man arms weak Wu Chen also, should be when, the De Ze of the Supreme Being did not decline and install the people of earthy happy convention first, reason is vassal without outside the condition aid. This call disintegrate, friend says of the world suffer from be absent disintegrate. By it is of view, the world sincere the situation of collapse having land, although the commoners is poor,be in person or chief criminal and danger within the country, chen She is also. Kuang Sanjin's gentleman or put! Although the world has no great order also, sincere the situation that can die without earth, although have state,strong arms does not get in an instant and as birds, , Hunan, neat, Zhao is also. Kuang Qunchen common people can be chaos! This 2 body person, of safety bright want also, virtuous advocate place is advertent and deep examine also.
     
    Person 5 Er do not ascend east of Shanhaiguan, age not answer, civilian much more destitute, the serious issue with border land, the abide that push number manages and watch, criterion civilian and have the person that its are in uneasiness. Disturbed reason movability. Easy mover, the situation that earth dies also. Reason virtuous advocate watch alone 10 thousand those who change is former, the machine that Ming Wuan highs, over the temple hall of Man , and annul not of form suffer from. Its want, period the situation that makes the world dies without earth just. Although reason has Guo Jinbing, majesty chases beasts, shoot Fei bird, the animal farm of great You Yan, the view of excessive vertical do as one pleases, extremely those who gallop is happy, calm and at ease also. Incessant Wu Er of inscriptions traditional stringed and woodwind instrument, the laugh of the illicit comedian dwarf of curtain account theres is no lack of Wu Qian, and the world does not have old care. Renown why Shang Wu, common is become why health! Although, I steal the emperor that thinks Majesty is natural, wide benevolence endowment, and sincere it is Wu with the world, criterion not difficult Mou of Shang Wu, and Chengkang's common can revive also. This 2 body person stand, like that after is in honour An Zhi is solid, famous wide praise at when the world, kiss the world and take 4 foreigner, grand of age of number of heart of Yu favour involuntary discharge of urine, negative is photographed south sleeve and bow with hands clasped to princes and dukes, the place of this Majesty is taken also. I hear graph king to won't do, its are our enough is installed. An Zebi falls why to be begged and do not get, why be and won't do, why be asked for and refuse to obey! Yan An submit a written statement to a higher authority says:
     
    Official Wen Zhou falls one day, its treat 300 Yu year old, into Kangjilong also, punishment is wrong 40 Yu year and need not. Reach its to decline also, also 300 Yu year old, reason 5 uncle more case. 5 uncle person, constant assist the emperor promotes benefit to divide kill, kill is cruel ban unhealthy environmental influences that cause disease, rectify within the country, with honour the emperor. 5 uncle do not have already, virtuous emperor Mo Xu, the emperor Gu is weak, order is no good. Vassal do as one pleases goes, hill is weak, numerous cruel few, tian Chang seize is neat, 6 dear cent advance, it is the Warring States, this civilian only then suffering also. At it is state is attacked, weak country is defended fully, close from even the horizontal stroke, gallop the car attacks hub, jie Zhou gives birth to Ji cootie, civilian accuse without place.
     
    King of until the Qin Dynasty, nibble the world, absorb the Warring States, the name says emperor, advocate of within the country politics, bad vassal city, sell its arms, casting thinks a surname Ta , show not answer with. Yuan country of yuan of Wu Zhan of riddance of the common people, meet bright the emperor, everybody flatter oneself is reborn. Countryside makes Qin Huan its are penal, thin ode collect, save You battle, gui Renyi, base right, go up sincere and magnanimous, issue ingenuity, change wind easy common, inside Hua Wuhai, criterion age age is installed surely. The Qin Dynasty is no good is wind and its reason common, the person that it is ingenuity right is entered, sincere and magnanimous faithful the person that believe is retreated; Law Yan Zhengjun, flatter person numerous, day Wen Jimei, meaning An Xinyi. Desire four power is abroad, make arms of Meng Tian general attacks moustache with north therefore, enter monarchingly condition, defend Wu Beihe, millet of Fei haying Zuo with therewith after. Make again Wei Tu Sui building boat person south attack 100 more, make inspect salary certains canal carry grain, jump over deep, jump over person escape. Prolonged, commissariat absolutely lack, jump over a person to attack, defeat utterly of arms of the Qin Dynasty. Qin Nai makes Wei Tuo jumps over soldier with defend. Should be when, wu Hu of compose of north of disaster of the Qin Dynasty, wu Yue is hanged south, su Bing's useless ground, must not retreat then. Row 10 Yu year, ding Nan by armour, ding Nv turns be defeated, suffering is not born a little, from classics Wu Daoshu, the dead's photograph looks. The emperor that reach the Qin Dynasty dies, the world big betray. Chen Sheng, Wu Anju old, wu Chen, Zhang Er lifts Zhao, xiang Liang is lifted, cropland Dan is lifted neat, jing Ju lifts capital of the State of Chu, week city lifts the Kingdom of Wei, han An Juyan, poor hill connects Gu Hao person and rise, cannot get the better of carry also. All be not the after of fair Hou like that, the official with magisterial blame also. Do not have the situation of dimension, alley since, bastinado thorn pity, in season and all move, be not sought and all rises, happen to coincide meeting, soil is entered longly, as to Xiang Yu the Conqueror, teach when make like that also. Qin Gui is the emperor, be full of the world, the person that destroy the world is offerred sacrifices to absolutely, the disaster of poor soldier also. What reason week breaks is weak, qin Shi's , suffer from changelessly also.
     
    Be about to enrol Na Yi today, chao Yelang, fall Qiang , summary city, build town city, thorough Hun, city of Fan its Long, the person that discuss is beautiful. The benefit of this person official also, the long whip that is not the world also. Today the Jing that China barks without the dog, and outside Fang Zhi of tired Wu Yuan has, our country of blown away by wind, blame so child civilian also. Travel is boundless desire, readily pleased, contract enmity at Hun, blame bring a side so also. Disaster writtens guarantee and indissoluble, arms rest and answer case, close person anxiety, far person aghast, blame so abiding also. Issue forge Jia Dijian today, bridge arrow tired bowstring, turn transport grain, did not see when resting, the place of this the world in all care also. Husband arms is long and change case, the thing is irritated and Lv is unripe. Today outside the ground of county or thousands of lis, row city tens of, form bundle soil is made, by coerce is vassal, the benefit that is not fair room also. The person that Qi Jin dies is watched on, fair room low is cut, 6 Qing Dacheng also; Issue the person that view the Qin Dynasty destroys, strict law is engraved deep, desire big boundless also. Today the right that county defends, blame is special 6 Qing Zhi is heavy also; The ground thousands of lis, blame spy alleys endowment also; Armour enginery fetterses, of pity of blame spy thorn with also: In order to meet with of all ages change, cannot say avoid as taboo also.
     
    Book achieve the emperor, the emperor call in 3 people, call: "Fair how to wait to all be in? The evening that why meets also! " at it is to go up to be done obeisance to therefore advocate father cease, Xu Le, Yan An is doctor. Number sees, go up scanty character issue, instruct the person that do obeisance to cease to be call on, change is in doctor. The 4 change in a year old fall on his back.
     
    Cease says: "Ancient person vassal do not cross a hunderd li, the form with weak is made easily. Today vassal or connect a city tens of, local a thousand li, excessive of delay criterion arrogant is easily licentious, urgent a block its and close from in order to go against Beijing division. Cut with the law today those who cut, go against section bud to rise, fault of eve a surname is also. Today vassal children or ten, and Zuo heir generation stands, yu although flesh and blood, seal without dimension ground, criterion Ren Xiaozhi not announce. Former Majesty makes so vassal that push favour element younger brother, with ground Hou. Those everybody happy event gets place former, on with heart apply, solid cent its country, be not cut and lose a bit. " at it is to go up from its plan. Say again: "Mao Lingchu stands, the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty of the world a person of extraordinary powers and furthermore, chaos is numerous civilian, all Ke Ximao hill, inside true capital division, export treacherous, this is alleged do not put to death and kill except. " go up from its plan.
     
    Honour after establishing Wei Huang, reach issue of nether world of country of the Wangding that send swallow, build Yan of cease have rendered great service. Chancellery all Wei its mouth, tired a thousand pieces of gold of Lu involuntary discharge of urine. Person or say to fall on his back: "Too horizontal. " advocate father says: "Official knot sends You Xuesi 10 Yu year, the body must not be satisfied, do not think in person child, elder brother younger brother does not close, guest abandons me, with the passing of time of my  . And the man is strange not 5 vessels are fed, dead namely ear of 5 vessels boil. My eventide road is far, reason pours a cruel Shi Zhi. Reason pours a cruel Shi Zhi..
     
    Cease contains fat rich of square ground of character new moon, outside block river, of city of unconscious not care at all in order to chase Hun, introspection turns water transport is defeated by defend, wide China, destroy Hu Zhi this also. Its are seen say on, issue fair Qing Yi, all character is disadvantageous. A surname great says: "The Qin Dynasty sends the 300 thousand numerous rivers that build north constantly, eventually cannot, abandon soon. " advocate father cease contains word its, use unexpectedly on advocate father plan, fang Jun establishing the first day of the lunar month.
     
    Yuan Shuo 2 years, advocate out-of-the-way of travel of leisure of the excessive inside father character neat king, do obeisance to on advocate father is neat photograph. To neat, all over guest of younger brother of call together elder brother, medicinal powder 500 gold grant, of several say: "Only then when my deficient, elder brother younger brother not my back and belly, guest not the door inside me; Today my photographs are neat, zhu Jun greets I or a thousand li. I and Zhu Jun absolutely, wu Fu enters the gate of cease! " make the person is moved with king and thing of elder sister evil therefore king, king think to must not take off a blame eventually, king of swallow fearing effect is talked dead, commit suicide therefore. Have department in order to hear.
     
    Advocate father only then when be a commoners, taste You Yan, Zhao, ji Jigui, send swallow work. Zhao Wang fears his sufferring from for the country, desire character of submit a written statement to a higher authority its shade thing, for cease be placed in the middle, dare not send. Reach for neat photograph, piece close, although person submit a written statement to a higher authority, announce talk advocate father cease gets vassal gold, with reason vassal children is much the person that seal in order to get. Reach Qi Wang to commit suicide, bate is heard on, with giving priority to father to rob its Wang Ling commits suicide, it is the official below a note of the ancient Chinese five-tone scale to treat. Advocate father is taken get vassal gold, solid do not rob Wang Ling commits suicide. Do not be about to put to death on, be when a surname great is drive history doctor, it is Yan Yue: "Neat king suicide does not have after, the country is divided for county, enter Chinese, advocate father falls on his back this chief criminal, majesty does not put to death advocate father falls on his back, without fall in order to thank a heaven.
     
    Advocate agnate when expensive favour, guest with thousand, reach its a group of things with common features dead, without the person that one person closes, only alone Kong Che receives bury. The emperor after hears, think aperture car better also.
     
    Too history fair say: A surname great goes justice although Man , when also be being encountered like that. Chinese promote 80 Yu year, literature of upper part countryside, zhao Jun , with An Rumo, great is lift head. Advocate father cease is become road, all fair all praise, reach a put to death defeating a body, person contend for character its are evil. Bei husband!
     
    Too empress dowager instructs to manage apprentice manages greatly greatly empty: "The lid hears the talk of manage state affairs, enrich the people for only then; Those who enrich the people should, in Wu Jiejian. Filial piety classics says ' how to go up treat civilian, mo Shanwu ceremony ' . ' ceremony, as peaceful also as excessive frugal ' . Former times person Xiang Qihuan tubal second, bully vassal, have the meritorious service that 9 syncretic correct, and Zhong Ni calls do not tell a ceremony, with its excessive peaceful wastefuls draft Wu Jun reason also. Room of palace of low of summerly the reputed founder of the Ix Dynasty, evil dress, after emperor not abide. From this of character, treated Cheng Ye, heart actor, mo Gaowu frugal. Frugal changes common civilian, criterion the foreword of honour low is gotten, and the favour of flesh and blood is close, argue the primary interest of bring a case to court. This it is each family is provided for and every person is well-fed and well-clothed, of punishment fault this also Yu? But not Wu! Husband 3 fair person, the rate of 100 small house, 10 thousand civilian express also. The person that have no a tree to be expressed continuously and get Qu Ying also. Confucius not the cloud, ' child lead and, what dare frame-up ' . ' raise kind and teach cannot persuade ' . Since Wei Hanxing, right-hand man frugal of travel of Zai Chen body is made an appointment with, light money is serious justice, relatively write like that bright, the person that if friend prime minister makes the same score great of ferry Hou a surname,have no also. It is cloth in prime minister by, take off the meal of millet, do not cross one flesh. Guest of be apt to of old friend place all divides Feng Lu with giving, without somewhat Yu. Sincere inside be made an appointment with from the gram and outside from make. Draw water An closelies question, it is Wen Yuchao, this it may be said decreases the at the system person that can apply also. Heart actor goes, stop otherwise, with inside excessive peaceful and outside take for cunning in order to angle empty praise person different division. With ill beg skeletal, emperor of filial piety fierce is made namely ' enjoy have rendered great service, Yao has heart, good and evil of be apt to is evil, jun Yi knows. Its save consider carefully, keep mind, complementary with medicine ' . Grant accuse treat a disease, bovine wine miscellaneous silk. House a few months, have Chou, attend to business after assuming office. To yuan hunting 2 years, unexpectedly with die a natural death at phasic. The husband knows me to not be like gentleman, this its effect also. Great child the rank of nobility that spend heir, after is Shanyang viceregal, sit the law breaks Hou. The husband expresses De Zhangyi, so rate common severe is changed, holy Wang Zhi is made, not easy path also. Its grant great after descendants second should be Hou of inside Shanghaiguan of latter the rank of nobility, feed city 300, fair car of attainments of a note of the ancient Chinese five-tone scale, go up an a high official in ancient China, I visit Bai Yan. I visit Bai Yan..
     
    Class firm says: A surname great, Bo Shi, is wide all with grand gradually the ala strands Wu Yan sparrow, far slash sheep pigs between, blame encounter meantime, can Yan send this? It is 60 Yu carry Shi Hanxing, of within the country is installed, v/arc government repository is contented, and 4 exterminate not guest, the system faults more, upper part is about to use civil and military, beg if not,reach. Only then greet with Pu Lun unripe, see advocate father and groan. Group official admire countryside, surprise person goes. Bo Shi tries Wu Chu herd, great sheep pulls out at merchant perpendicular, defend fall forward of Wu Nu of green act vigorously, day Chu gives Wu Jiang prisoner of war, the edition when Si Yi formers builds the friend of meal ox. Chinese get a person, wu Ci is fill. Confucianism elegant an a surname great, Dong Zhongshu, is wide, earnest goes a Shi Jian, Shi Qing, qualitative straight a draw water An, Bo Shi, push virtuous criterion Han Anguo, Zheng at that time, make surely a Zhao Yu, Zhang Shang, article rules is minister change, similar, comical Oriental new moon, Gao, should aid to fathering, Chang buys me, enumerate criterion Tang Dou, fall next Hong, assist law criterion Li Yan year, carry prepares a mulberry great sheep, act according to make a Zhang Qian, Su Wu, disease of Shuai Zewei blueness, Huo Qu, suffer Chu of day of suddenly light of criterion of involuntary discharge of urine, gold. Its Yu cannot surpass record. Be make achievement in order to promote, article of system involuntary discharge of urine, later generations not is reached. Filial piety announce bear all, compile Man big course of study, also tell by 6  , zhao Xuanmao different, and of Xiao Wang, Xuan Cheng of bridge Qiu He, Xia Housheng, Wei, Yan Pengzu, Yin Gengshi with Confucianism art is entered, Yao of Liu Xiang, king is shown with the article. photograph criterion Zhang An world, Zhao fills country, Wei Xiang, Bing Ji, Yu Dingguo, Du Yan year, treat civilian yellow bully, An Hanzhi of Weng Gui of Wang Cheng, Gong Sui, Zheng Hong, Shao Xinchen, Han Yanshou, Yin, Zhao is belonged to, all mark of have rendered great service sees narrate at after. Tired its name official, also next also.
     
    Smooth ferry is gigantic Confucianism, old age only then encounter. Wide frugal is shown outside, jealousy is conceived inside. Bestow favor on equipment flourish the rank of nobility, experience the bottom of one's heart. Advocate father is pushed favour, set when view degree. Unripe feed 5 vessels,


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