问礼_孔子家语
哀公問於孔子曰：「大禮何如？子之言禮，何其尊也．」孔子對曰：「丘也鄙人，不足以知大禮也．」公曰：「吾子言焉．」孔子曰：「丘聞之民之所以生者，禮為大．非禮則無以節事天地之神焉；非禮則無以辯君臣上下長幼之位焉；非禮則無以別男女父子兄弟婚姻親族疏數之交焉；是故君子此之為尊敬，然後以其所能教順百姓，不廢其會節．既有成事，而後治其文章黼黻，以別尊卑上下之等．其順之也，而後言其喪祭之紀，宗廟之序，品其犧牲，設其豕腊，修其歲時，以敬其祭祀，別其親疏，序其昭穆，而後宗族會醼，即安其居，以綴恩義．卑其宮室，節其服御，車不雕璣，器不彤鏤，食不二味，心不淫志，以與萬民同利，古之明王行禮也如此．」公曰：「今之君子，胡莫之行也．」孔子對曰：「今之君子，好利無厭，淫行不倦，荒怠慢遊，固民是盡，以遂其心，以怨其政，忤其眾以伐有道．求得當欲不以其所，虐殺刑誅，不以其治．夫昔之用民者由前，今之用民者由後，是即今之君子，莫能為禮也．」言偃問曰：「夫子之極言禮也，可得而聞乎？」孔子言：「我欲觀夏，是故之杞，而不足徵也，吾得夏時焉；我欲觀殷道，是故之宋，而不足徵也，吾得乾坤焉；乾坤之義，夏時之等，吾以此觀之．夫禮，初也始於飲食，太古之時，燔黍擘豚，汙罇杯飲，蕢桴土鼓，猶可以致敬鬼神，及其死也，升屋而號告曰，高某復然後飲腥苴熟，形體則降，魂氣則上，是謂天望而地藏也．故生者南嚮，死者北首，皆從其初也．昔之王者，未有宮室，冬則居營窟，夏則居櫓巢；未有火化，食草木之實，鳥獸之肉，飲其血，茹其毛，未有絲麻，衣其羽皮．後聖有作，然後修火之利，範金合土，以為宮室戶牖；以炮以燔，以烹以炙，以為醴酪；治其絲麻，以為布帛，以養生送死，以事鬼神．故玄酒在室，醴醆在戶，粢醍在堂，澄酒在下，陳其犧牲，備其鼎俎，列其琴瑟，管磬鐘鼓，以降上神，與其先祖，以正君臣，以篤父子，以睦兄弟，以齊上下，夫婦有所，是謂承天之祐．作其祝號，玄酒以祭，薦其血毛，腥其俎，熟其殽，越席以坐．疏布以羃，衣其浣帛，醴醆以獻，薦其燔炙，君與夫人，交獻以嘉魂魄，然後退而合烹，體其犬豕牛羊，實其簠簋，籩豆鉶羹，祝以孝告，嘏以慈告，是為大祥，此禮之大成也．」
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Ask ceremony _ Confucius domestic language New Sinology Chapter: Ask a gift New Sinology BookName: Confucius home language New Sinology Catalog: Child ministry New Sinology Content: Sad fair Wu Kongzi says: " big Die how about? Child character Die , how honour also. " Confucius says: " Qiu Ye I, can't know big Die also. " fair say: " I child Yan Yan. " Confucius says: " of grave Long civilian the person that be born, Die is big. of the that be not Die the divine Yan with Geng issue scope of activity; of the that be not Die fluctuates with Zuo Jun Chen Zuo young a Yan; of the that be not Die with marriage of brother of father and son of men and women of scanty of Yin a group of things with common features hand in Yan; This respects hereat gentleman, like that after can teach Zuo common people with its, not Geng of its . Have accomplish sth already, and after studies its article decorative pattern, with honour low fluctuates wait. Of its Zuo also, and after character the Ji of its hold a memorial ceremony for, ancestor the foreword of , taste its animal sacrifice, Yu its pig dried meat, repair its , in order to respect its sacred, its Yin is scanty, foreword its Zhao Mu, and Zuo of after clan , install its to reside namely, with Jin favour Li . Low its room, its take Geng drive, Zuo not vulture , implement not red Zuo , feed not 2 flavour, heart not excessive annals, with Ning Qu civilian is the same as benefit, Die of ancient bright Wang Hang is such also. " fair say: " today gentleman, hu Mo's travel also. " Confucius says: " today gentleman, of good profit , excessive travel tireless, barren is barratrous Zuo , solid civilian is Bao , in order to satisfy its heart, in order to complain its politics, disobedient its Bao has with cut down. Get desire not with its place, Zha of cruel punishment, do not treat with its. Of husband former times with civilian person by before, today with civilian person by after, be namely today gentleman, Die of Mo Neng also. " character cease says: " character Die of the master also, can be you gotten and Long ? " Confucius character: " summer of my desire Yin , a surname of hereat, and insufficient a note of the ancient Chinese five-tone scale also, I gets summerly Yan; My desire Yin abundants, the Song Dynasty of hereat, and insufficient a note of the ancient Chinese five-tone scale also, I gets Yan of heaven and earth; The Li of heaven and earth, of summerly wait, I with this Yin . Husband Die , first also only then feed at Zuo , the of remote antiquity, fan millet thumbing pig, Zuo of Kui cup, Sheng Fu earth is roused, can greet ghosts and gods, reach its to die also, raise house and Ta is accused, gao Mou like that Ju of after Zuo raw meat or fish is ripe, form Zuo falls, on fetch , it is Zheng day looks and the ground hides also. The austral the person that reason is born, the dead's north head, all at the beginning of its also. The Wang Zhe of former times, have no room, wintry resides hole, summerly resides mew; Have no cremation, feed the of the wood, the flesh of Zuo , Zuo its blood, ru Jimao, have no Jian hemp, yi Jiyu skin. After Long has, like that the profit that after trims fire, Geng gold closes territory, window with of room; In order to prepare Chinese medicine by roasting it in a pan with Fan, with boil in order to roast meat, sweet wine with cheese; Treat its Jian hemp, with cloth and silk, give birth to court death with Zuo , with thing ghosts and gods. Reason black wine is in room, sweet wine Zuo is in , zi Ti is in hall, settleclear wine is falling, animal sacrifice of Zuo its , an ancient sacrificial utensil of its vessel, liejiqinse, provide sound of chime stone Zuo , go up in order to fall god, Ning its first ancestor, with Zheng Junchen, with Ha father and son, with harmonious brother, fluctuate with Zuo , husband somewhat, it is Zheng Cheng Tianzhi Dai . Make its wish Ta , black wine with hold a memorial ceremony for, wool of Shu its blood, raw meat or fish its an ancient sacrificial utensil, ripe its , jump over banquet in order to sit. Scanty cloth with Li , the garment its wash silk, sweet wine Zuo with , Shu its Fan roasts meat, gentleman Mrs. Ning , hand in with fine soul, like that withdrawal and add up to boil, Zuo its dog pigs flocks and herds, a round-mouthed food vessel with two or four loop handles of its Ha , a thick soup of Hu beans Zuo , zhu Yixiao is accused, gu is accused with kind, it is big auspicious, of this Die become greatly also. " |
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上一篇 礼论篇第十九_荀子 下一篇 之僖公（二十八年—三十三年）_左传