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卷七十四·孟子荀卿列传第十四_史记

  太史公曰:余读孟子书,至梁惠王问“何以利吾国”,未尝不废书而叹也。曰:嗟乎,利诚乱之始也!夫子罕言利者,常防其原也。故曰“放於利而行,多怨”。自天子至於庶人,好利之弊何以异哉!

 
  孟轲,驺人也。受业子思之门人。道既通,游事齐宣王,宣王不能用。適梁,梁惠王不果所言,则见以为迂远而阔於事情。当是之时,秦用商君,富国彊兵;楚、魏用吴起,战胜弱敌;齐威王、宣王用孙子、田忌之徒,而诸侯东面朝齐。天下方务於合从连衡,以攻伐为贤,而孟轲乃述唐、虞、三代之德,是以所如者不合。退而与万章之徒序诗书,述仲尼之意,作孟子七篇。其後有驺子之属。
 
  齐有三驺子。其前驺忌,以鼓琴干威王,因及国政,封为成侯而受相印,先孟子。
 
  其次驺衍,後孟子。驺衍睹有国者益淫侈,不能尚德,若大雅整之於身,施及黎庶矣。乃深观阴阳消息而作怪迂之变,终始、大圣之篇十馀万言。其语闳大不经,必先验小物,推而大之,至於无垠。先序今以上至黄帝,学者所共术,大并世盛衰,因载其禨祥度制,推而远之,至天地未生,窈冥不可考而原也。先列中国名山大川,通谷禽兽,水土所殖,物类所珍,因而推之,及海外人之所不能睹。称引天地剖判以来,五德转移,治各有宜,而符应若兹。以为儒者所谓中国者,於天下乃八十一分居其一分耳。中国名曰赤县神州。赤县神州内自有九州,禹之序九州是也,不得为州数。中国外如赤县神州者九,乃所谓九州也。於是有裨海环之,人民禽兽莫能相通者,如一区中者,乃为一州。如此者九,乃有大瀛海环其外,天地之际焉。其术皆此类也。然要其归,必止乎仁义节俭,君臣上下六亲之施,始也滥耳。王公大人初见其术,惧然顾化,其後不能行之。
 
  是以驺子重於齐。適梁,惠王郊迎,执宾主之礼。適赵,平原君侧行撇席。如燕,昭王拥彗先驱,请列弟子之座而受业,筑碣石宫,身亲往师之。作主运。其游诸侯见尊礼如此,岂与仲尼菜色陈蔡,孟轲困於齐梁同乎哉!故武王以仁义伐纣而王,伯夷饿不食周粟;卫灵公问陈,而孔子不答;梁惠王谋欲攻赵,孟轲称大王去邠。此岂有意阿世俗苟合而已哉!持方枘欲内圜凿,其能入乎?或曰,伊尹负鼎而勉汤以王,百里奚饭牛车下而缪公用霸,作先合,然後引之大道。驺衍其言虽不轨,傥亦有牛鼎之意乎?
 
  自驺衍与齐之稷下先生,如淳于髡、慎到、环渊、接子、田骈、驺奭之徒,各著书言治乱之事,以干世主,岂可胜道哉!
 
  淳于髡,齐人也。博闻彊记,学无所主。其谏说,慕晏婴之为人也,然而承意观色为务。客有见髡於梁惠王,惠王屏左右,独坐而再见之,终无言也。惠王怪之,以让客曰:“子之称淳于先生,管、晏不及,及见寡人,寡人未有得也。岂寡人不足为言邪?何故哉?”客以谓髡。髡曰:“固也。吾前见王,王志在驱逐;後复见王,王志在音声:吾是以默然。”客具以报王,王大骇,曰:“嗟乎,淳于先生诚圣人也!前淳于先生之来,人有献善马者,寡人未及视,会先生至。後先生之来,人有献讴者,未及试,亦会先生来。寡人虽屏人,然私心在彼,有之。”後淳于髡见,壹语连三日三夜无倦。惠王欲以卿相位待之,髡因谢去。於是送以安车驾驷,束帛加璧,黄金槽镒。终身不仕。
 
  慎到,赵人。田骈、接子,齐人。环渊,楚人。皆学黄老道德之术,因发明序其指意。故慎到著十二论,环渊著上下篇,而田骈、接子皆有所论焉。
 
  驺奭者,齐诸驺子,亦颇采驺衍之术以纪文。
 
  於是齐王嘉之,自如淳于髡以下,皆命曰列大夫,为开第康庄之衢,高门大屋,尊宠之。览天下诸侯宾客,言齐能致天下贤士也。
 
  荀卿,赵人。年五十始来游学於齐。驺衍之术迂大而闳辩;奭也文具难施;淳于髡久与处,时有得善言。故齐人颂曰:“谈天衍,雕龙奭,炙毂过髡。”田骈之属皆已死齐襄王时,而荀卿最为老师。齐尚脩列大夫之缺,而荀卿三为祭酒焉。齐人或谗荀卿,荀卿乃適楚,而春申君以为兰陵令。春申君死而荀卿废,因家兰陵。李斯尝为弟子,已而相秦。荀卿嫉浊世之政,亡国乱君相属,不遂大道而营於巫祝,信禨祥,鄙儒小拘,如庄周等又猾稽乱俗,於是推儒、墨、道德之行事兴坏,序列著数万言而卒。因葬兰陵。
 
  而赵亦有公孙龙为坚白同异之辩,剧子之言;魏有李悝,尽地力之教;楚有尸子、长卢;阿之吁子焉。自如孟子至于吁子,世多有其书,故不论其传云。
 
  盖墨翟,宋之大夫,善守御,为节用。或曰并孔子时,或曰在其後。
 
  六国之末,战胜相雄。轲游齐、魏,其说不通。退而著述,称吾道穷。兰陵事楚,驺衍谈空。康庄虽列,莫见收功。



  • New Sinology Title:
    Roll Qing Lie of a surname of 74 · Mencius passes the 14th _ history write down

    New Sinology Chapter:
    Roll Qing Lie of a surname of 74 · Mencius is passed the 14th

    New Sinology BookName:
    History write down

    New Sinology Catalog:
    History ministry

    New Sinology Content:

    Too history fair say: Beyond read Mencius book, ask to bridge benefit king " why benefit my countries " , do not have not not abandon a book and sigh also. Say: Lament, benefit of sincere chaos only then also! Interest of master rarely word person, often prevent its former also. Friend says " put Wu Li and go, complain more " . Come from the emperor Wu Shu's person, the fraud of good profit why different!

     
    Meng Ke, zou person also. Get job child the door person that consider. Path connect already, swim king of thing neat announce, announce king cannot be used. Zuo bridge, liang Hui character of Wang Buguo place, see feel circuitous is far and broad at the thing. Should be when, the Qin Dynasty uses Shang Jun, arms of rich nation ; Hunan, the Kingdom of Wei uses Wu Qi, conquer is weak enemy; Qi Wei king, announce king uses the person of grandchildren, Tian Ji, and face of vassal the east is neat. Cong Lianheng of Wu Ge of Wu of season lower part, it is in order to attack cut down virtuous, and Meng Ke is narrated therefore the Tang Dynasty, the heart of anxiety, 3 generation, it is disagreement of the person that be like with place. Retreat and the apprentice protasis book with 10 thousand chapters, state Zhong Ni's intention, make a Mencius 7. Its after has Zou child belong to.
     
    Qi Yousan Zou child. Avoid of the Zou before its, do power king in order to rouse musical instrument, because reach national politics, imprint to suffer into Hou, first Mencius.
     
    Next Zou spreads out, after Mencius. Zou develop sees excessive of beneficial of the person that have a state wasteful, cannot Shang De, be like elegance to rectify at the body, apply Ji Lishu. Watch news of yin and yang greatly therefore and of do mischief circuitous change, eventually only then, a 10 thousand character of 10 Yu of mahatma. Its language Hong is big not classics, surely a priori young other people, push and big, to Wu Moyin. First foreword today above comes Huang Di, scholastic place in all art, big and world rise and fall, because carry its Die auspicious degree make, push and far, not was born to heaven and earth, yao dark cannot be taken an examination of and former also. List Chinese famous mountains and great rivers first, connect cereal birds and beasts, breed of natural environment place, content kind place precious, push consequently, reach the place of abroad person to cannot be seen. Since saying to bring analyse of heaven and earth to sentence, 5 heart are transferred, treat each to have appropriate, and Fu Yingre thises. Think Confucianism person alleged China person, it is below Wu Tian 81 live apart one of cent ear. Chinese name says bare county China. Bare has a poetic name of China oneself inside prefectural China, the foreword a poetic name of China of the reputed founder of the Ix Dynasty is also, do not get the number that it is a city. The person that bare county China is like outside China 9, it is alleged a poetic name of China also. At be be surrounded by mountains of lake having advantage, the person that people birds and beasts not can be interlinked, in consistent area person, it is one city therefore. Such person 9, have link of great seaing sea therefore outside its, heaven and earth during Yan. Its art all this kind also. Want its to return like that, stop surely Renyi is economical, of next one's kin on Jun Chen apply, only then also excessive ear. Its tactics sees at the beginning of adult of princes and dukes, dread is considered like that change, its after cannot go.
     
    Be with Zou child heavy Wu Qi. Zuo bridge, hui Wangjiao is greeted, hold the ceremony of guest and host. Zuo Zhao, campagna gentleman side casts aside banquet all right. Be like swallow, clear Wang Yong brooms precursory, of the child that ask a kind and get job, build temple of stone tablet stone, kiss past division personally. Decide carry. Its swim vassal see honour ceremony is such, with Chen Cai of Zhong Ni famished look, meng Ke is the same as tiredly at Qi Liang! Reason fierce king with name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of Ren Yi cut down king, uncle exterminate hunger does not feed Zhou Su; Wei Ling is fair ask old, and Confucius does not answer; Bridge Hui Wangmou is about to attack Zhao, meng Ke says king goes Zuo . This intended A lay illicit sexual relations just! Hold an authentic of the zhuan3huan2 inside tenon desire, can be its entered? Or say, yi Yin loses a vessel and exert oneself Shang Yiwang, why meal oxcart issues a hunderd li and Miao Gong is used bully, make close first, like that the main street that after leaves. Zou spreads out its character although against the law, does Tang also have Niuding's idea?
     
    From Zou develop and neat millet issue a gentleman, if pure at Kun, careful to, annulus deep, receive child, the apprentice of of cropland parallel, Zou, each write book character to study random issue, in order to work a life advocate, can be gotten the better of!
     
    Honest at Kun, qi Ren also. Bo Wen is written down, learn not to have place advocate. Its expostulate with says, the humanness of admire comfort baby also, however bear meaning view color is Wu. The guest has king of benefit of Wuliang seeing Kun, hui Wangbing is controlled, sit alone and of good-bye, eventually reticent also. Benefit king is strange, say in order to invite a customer: "Child weigh Chunyu Xiansheng, canal, comfort not as good as, reach see the sovereign, the sovereign is had no also. is the sovereign inadequacy Yan Xie? Why reason? " guest in order to call Kun. Kun says: "Solid also. See before me king, wang Zhi is driving out; After answer sees king, wang Zhi is in phonic sound: I is with silent. " the guest is provided with newspaper king, wang Da be astonished, say: "Lament, chunyu Xiansheng sincere sage also! Before of Chunyu Xiansheng come, the person has the Ma Zhe that offer kind, the sovereign do not be inspected, meeting gentleman comes. Of after gentleman come, the person has the person that display sing, do not try, yi Huixian is inborn. The sovereign although screen person, like that self is in those, those who have. " after honest sees at Kun, one language does not have even 3 days of 3 night tired. Benefit Wang Yuyi dear phasic wait for, because Kun withers. At it is to send in order to install Che Jiasi, shu Bo adds a round flat piece of jade with a hole in its center, gold chamfer an ancient unit of weight. Lifelong not be an official.
     
    Careful arrive, zhao Ren. Cropland parallel, receive child, qi Ren. Annulus deep, hunan person. All learn the skill of heart of yellow Taoist priest, because invent foreword,its point to meaning. Reason careful arrive 12 theory, annulus deep writes fluctuation piece, and cropland parallel, receive child all talk Yan somewhat.
     
    Zou person, qi Zhu Zou child, the method that also adopts Zou develop quite with Ji Wen.
     
    Of Wu Shiqi Wang Jia, freely pures at Kun the following, all the lot says a doctor, be health village thoroughfare, tall door big house, honour bestow favor on. View the world vassal guest, yan Qi can send the world virtuous person also.
     
    Xun Qing, zhao Ren. Year 50 only then come You Xuewu is neat. The art circuitous that Zou spreads out is big and Hong argue; also stationery is applied hard; Honest at Kun long with place, get word of be apt to from time to tome. Eulogy of reason neat person says: "Chat develop, vulture dragon , broil hub crosses Kun. " of cropland parallel belong to already all assisted together to death Wang Shi, and Xun Qing most teacher. Of doctor of row of Qi Shang Man be short of, and a surname Qing San is Yan of wine of hold a memorial ceremony for. Qi Ren or slander Xun Qing, xun Qing is Zuo Hunan, and Chun Shenjun thinks Lan Ling makes. Chun Shenjun is dead and Xun Qing is useless, because of domestic Lan Ling. Li Si is tasted for child, soon photograph the Qin Dynasty. Envy of a surname dear thes corrupted would politics, photograph of random gentleman of a conquered nation is belonged to, fail highway and battalion wishs at witch, letter Die auspicious, low scholar small arrest, wait like Zhuang Zhou crafty check random common, at it is to push Confucianism, the act of Chinese ink, morality is promoted bad, alignment writes several speech and soldier. Because of bury orchid hill.
     
    And the debate that Zhao Yi has a surname Long Weijian to be the same as different in vain, drama child character; Wei Youli Kui, use up soil fertility religion; Hunan has dead body child, long Lu; Of A why child Yan. Freely Mencius as to why child, the world has its book more, reason no matter its send the cloud.
     
    Gai Modi, dr Song Zhi, be apt to defends drive, for husband. Or say and when Confucius, or say in its after.
     
    The end of 6 countries, conquer photograph is male. Carriage You Qi, the Kingdom of Wei, its say to be illogical. Retreat and write, call me path end. Hunan of orchid hill thing, zou develop talks empty. Although Kang Zhuang is listed, mo Jian closes result.


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