哀公篇第三十一_荀子
| 章节: | 哀公篇第三十一 |
| 书名: | 荀子 |
| 类目: | 子部 |
| 原作者: | |
| 朝代: | |
| 写作年代: | 约公元前-464年 至 公元后391年 |
| 视频: | 哀公篇第三十一_荀子 |
| 音频: | 哀公篇第三十一_荀子 |
| 新国学: | 否 |
孔子曰：“人有五仪：有庸人，有士，有君子，有贤人，有大圣。”哀公曰：“敢问何如斯可谓庸人矣？”孔子对曰：“所谓庸人者，口不道善言，心不知邑邑；不知选贤人善士托其身焉以为己忧；动行不知所务，止立不知所定；日选择于物，不知所贵；从物如流，不知所归；五凿为正，心从而坏：如此则可谓庸人矣。”哀公曰：“善！敢问何如斯可谓士矣？”孔子对曰：“所谓士者，虽不能尽道术，必有率也；虽不能遍美善，必有处也。是故知不务多，务审其所知；言不务多，务审其所谓；行不务多，务审其所由。故知既已知之矣，言既已谓之矣，行既已由之矣，则若性命肌肤之不可易也。故富贵不足以益也，卑贱不足以损也：如此则可谓士矣。”哀公曰：“善！敢问何如斯可谓之君子矣？”孔子对曰：“所谓君子者，言忠信而心不德，仁义在身而色不伐，思虑明通而辞不争，故犹然如将可及者，君子也。”哀公曰：“善！敢问何如斯可谓贤人矣？”孔子对曰：“所谓贤人者，行中规绳而不伤于本，言足法于天下而不伤于身，富有天下而无怨财，布施天下而不病贫：如此则可谓贤人矣。”哀公曰：“善！敢问何如斯可谓大圣矣？”孔子对曰：“所谓大圣者，知通乎大道，应变而不穷，辨乎万物之情性者也。大道者，所以变化遂成万物也；情性者，所以理然不取舍也。是故其事大辨乎天地，明察乎日月，总要万物于风雨，缪缪肫肫，其事不可循，若天之嗣，其事不可识，百姓浅然不识其邻：若此则可谓大圣矣。”哀公曰：“善！”
鲁哀公问舜冠于孔子，孔子不对。三问不对。哀公曰：“寡人问舜冠于子，何以不言也？”孔子曰：“古之王者，有务而拘领者矣，其政好生而恶杀焉。是以凤在列树，麟在郊野，乌鹊之巢可俯而窥也。君不此问，而问舜冠，所以不对也。”
鲁哀公问于孔子曰：“寡人生于深宫之中，长于妇人之手，寡人未尝知哀也，未尝知忧也，未尝知劳也，未尝知惧也，未尝知危也。”孔子曰：“君之所问，圣君之问也，丘、小人也，何足以知之？”曰：“非吾子无所闻之也。”孔子曰：“君入庙门而右，登自胙阶，仰视榱栋，俯见几筵，其器存，其人亡，君以此思哀，则哀将焉而不至矣？君昧爽而栉冠，平明而听朝，一物不应，乱之端也，君以此思忧，则忧将焉而不至矣？君平明而听朝，日昃而退，诸侯之子孙必有在君之末庭者，君以思劳，则劳将焉而不至矣？君出鲁之四门，以望鲁四郊，亡国之虚则必有数盖焉，君以此思惧，则惧将焉而不至矣？且丘闻之，君者，舟也；庶人者，水也。水则载舟，水则覆舟，君以此思危，则危将焉而不至矣？”
鲁哀公问于孔子曰：“绅委章甫有益于仁乎？”孔子蹴然曰：“君号然也？资衰苴杖者不听乐，非耳不能闻也，服使然也。黼衣黼裳者不茹荤，非口不能味也，服使然也。且丘闻之，好肆不守折，长者不为市。窃其有益与其无益，君其知之矣。”
鲁哀公问于孔子曰：“请问取人。”孔子对曰：“无取健，无取詌，无取口啍。健、贪也；詌、乱也；口啍、诞也。故弓调而后求劲焉，马服而后求良焉，士信悫而后求知能焉。士不信尒而有多知能，譬之其豺狼也，不可以身尒也。语曰：‘桓公用其贼，文公用其盗。故明主任计不信怒，闇主信怒不任计。计胜怒则强，怒胜计则亡。”
定公问于颜渊曰：“子亦闻东野毕之善驭乎？”颜渊对曰：“善则善矣，虽然，其马将失。”定公不悦，入谓左右曰：“君子固谗人乎！。”三日而校来谒，曰：“东野毕之马失。两骖列，两服入厩。”定公越席而起曰：“趋驾召颜渊！”颜渊至，定公曰：“前日寡人问吾子，吾子曰：‘东野毕之驶善则善矣，虽然，其马将失。’不识吾子何以知之？”颜渊对曰：“臣以政知之。昔舜巧于使民，而造父巧于使马；舜不穷其民，造父不穷其马；是以舜无失民，造父无失马。今东野毕之驭，上车执辔衔，体正矣；步骤驰骋，朝礼毕矣；历险致远，马力尽矣；然犹求马不已，是以知之也。”定公曰：“善，可得少进乎？”颜渊对曰：“臣闻之，鸟穷则啄，兽穷则攫，人穷则诈。自古及今，未有穷其下而能无危者也。”
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Sad fair a thirtieth one _ Xun Zi New Sinology Chapter: Sad fair a thirtieth one New Sinology BookName: Xun Zi New Sinology Catalog: Child ministry New Sinology Content: Rash sad fair ask to say at Confucius: "I is about to discuss my states person, to it manage state affairs, the evil that dare ask how to be taken? " Confucius is opposite: "Unripe today world, annals Guzhi: House today common, take Gu Zhi; Abandon this and be the person that be not, not also bright! " sad fair say: "Ju of justing Jian of chapter of husband ining that case, gentry is taken and scepter person, this virtuous? " Confucius is opposite: "Not inevitable, the husband carries Yi Xuanchang, Jian and the person that take a route, annals does not depend on eating meat or fish; Behead declines villous themeda Ju, bastinado and sip congee person, annals does not depend on wine flesh. Unripe today world, annals Guzhi; House today common, take Gu Zhi; Abandon this and be the person that be not, although have, not also bright! " sad fair say: "Be apt to! "Be apt to!! Confucius says: "The person has 5 appearance: Have mediocre person, have person, have a man of noble character, have a person of virtue, have mahatma. " sad fair say: "Dare ask how about this mediocre person of it may be said? " Confucius is opposite: "Alleged mediocre person person, the mouth character of be apt to, the heart does not inform city; Do not know to choose a person of virtue person of be apt to holds its body Yan in the palm to think personal care; Move do not know a Wu all right, stop stand not to know what to decide; Day chooses at content, do not know place expensive; Be like from content stream, do not know what to put in 's charge; 5 authentic are, heart thereby bad: Such a mediocre person of it may be said. " sad fair say: "Be apt to! Dare ask how about this person of it may be said? " Confucius is opposite: "Alleged person person, although cannot use up art, have surely rate also; Although cannot all over beautiful be apt to, have surely place also. Hereat knows not Wu is much, what its know Wu careful; Character not Wu is much, wu careful its are alleged; Row not Wu is much, wu careful its place by. Reason knows already foregone, character already called already, row already already by, be like life skin cannot easy also. Reason riches and honour can't beneficial also, humbleness can't caustic also: Such a person of it may be said. " sad fair say: "Be apt to! Dare ask how about this the gentleman of it may be said? " Confucius is opposite: "Alleged gentleman person, yan Zhongxin and heart not heart, ren Yi is lubricious in the body not cut down, consider carefully bright connect and demit is not contended for, reason still is like like that the person that can reach, gentleman also. " sad fair say: "Be apt to! Dare ask how about this a person of virtue of it may be said? " Confucius is opposite: "Alleged a person of virtue person, rope of the compasses in travel and do not hurt at this, character sufficient law falls at the day and do not hurt at the body, be full of the world and do not have blame money, alms giving the world and not ill deficient: Such an a person of virtue of it may be said. " sad fair say: "Be apt to! Dare ask how about this mahatma of it may be said? " Confucius is opposite: "Alleged mahatma person, know to connect highway, meet an emergency and not poor, differentiate the affection sex of everythings on earth person also. Highway person, so change becomes everythings on earth then also; Affection sex person, so manage does not accept or reject like that also. Hereat its thing big differentiate heaven and earth, bright examine life, always want everythings on earth at harships, miao Miao sinceres, its thing cannot abide, be like Tian Zhisi, its thing cannot be known, common people is shallow do not know its neighbour like that: Be like mahatma of this it may be said. " sad fair say: "Be apt to! "Be apt to!! Rash sad fair coronal asking Shun at Confucius, confucius is incorrect. 3 ask incorrect. Sad fair say: "The sovereign asks Shun Guan Yu Zi, why not character also? " Confucius says: "Ancient Wang Zhe, have Wu and the person that arrest is gotten, its politics exceedingly and evil kill Yan. Be with phoenix cultivate in the row, lin is in outskirt is wild, the Chao Ke Fu of black magpie and peep also. Gentleman not this asks, and ask Shun Guan, so incorrect also. So incorrect also.. Rash sad fair ask to say at Confucius: "The sovereign is born at deep palace in, grow the hand at the woman, the sovereign has not know sad also, have not tell concern also, have not tell service also, have not realize fear also, have not know peril also. " Confucius says: "Jun Zhi is asked, holy Jun Zhi asks also, grave, Lilliputian also, why enough knows? " say: "Be not me child the Wen Zhi that do not have place also. " Confucius says: "Gentleman is right into temple door, ascend from sacrificial meat rank, admire inspect Cui ridgepole, fu sees a few feast, its implement put, its person dies, gentleman is thought of with this sad, criterion sad Yan do not come? Jun Mei bright and comb coronal, smooth bright and hear day, one content do not answer, random end also, gentleman considers concern with this, criterion care general Yan and do not come? Jun Pingming and hear day, day Ze and retreat, the person that vassal descendants has the end law court in gentleman surely, jun Yisai fatigue, criterion fatigue general Yan and do not come? Gentleman gives Lu Zhi 4, in order to look at rash suburbs, the empty of a conquered nation needs know exactly about sth builds Yan, gentleman considers fear with this, criterion dread general Yan and do not come? And of Qiu Wen, gentleman person, boat also; Person of be the concubine person, water also. Water carries a boat, boat of water criterion Fu, gentleman thinks of danger with this, high Yan do not come? High Yan do not come?? Rash sad fair ask to say at Confucius: "Gentry appoint Zhang Fu is beneficial to benevolence? " Confucius kicks to say like that: "Gentleman date like that also? Endowment decline Ju bastinado person do not listen happy, blame ear cannot be heard also, take make like that also. Skirt of Fu garment Fu person do not eata surname meat or fish, blame mouth cannot flavour also, take make like that also. And of Qiu Wen, good shop is not defended fold, better is not city. Steal its beneficial as profitless as its, of Jun Jizhi. Of Jun Jizhi.. Rash sad fair ask to say at Confucius: "Take a person excuse me. " Confucius is opposite: "Without take be good at, without take Yu , without extraction a mouth. Be good at, have an insatiable desire for also; Yu , random also; Buccal , absurd also. Reason bend attune begs strong Yan after that, the horse is taken beg fine Yan after that, person letter Que seeks knowledge after that can Yan. Person do not believe and many know can, its jackal of example also, not OK body also. Language say: ' post public its thief, article is public its pilfer. Reason bright director plan do not believe anger, Zuo advocate letter anger does not hold the post of plan. Ji Shengnu is strong, anger get the better of plan die. Anger get the better of plan die.. Calm fair ask Yu Yanyuan to say: "Child also hear drive of Dongye Bizhi be apt to? " Yan Yuan is opposite: "Be apt to of criterion of be apt to, although, its horse will be broken. " calm fair vinegary, into call the left and right sides says: "Person of gentleman solid slander! . " 3 days and school will call on, say: "The horse breaks Dongye Bizhi. Two Can are listed, two take pen. " calm fair jump over banquet and rise: "Hasten drives deep of call together colour! " Yan Yuan comes, calm fair say: "Eve the sovereign asks me child, I child say: ' Dongye Bizhi sails be apt to of criterion of be apt to, although, its horse will be broken. ' do not know me child why know? " Yan Yuan is opposite: "Official with politics know. Xi Shunqiao at making civilian, and build male relative of a senior generation artful at making horse; Shun is not poor its civilian, build male relative of a senior generation not poor its horse; Be do not have with Shun break civilian, build father to not have break a horse. Today Dongye Bizhi drive, get on a car hold bridle is held, body; Measure gallops, chao Libi; The adventure is sent far, horsepower is used up; Still beg a horse like that unceasingly, be with knowing also. " calm fair say: "Be apt to, can you get be entered less? " Yan Yuan is opposite: "I hear, bird end is pecked, animal is poor a seize, the person is poor a cheat. Reach since ancient times today, the person that have no end to its fall and can not have danger also. The person that have no end to its fall and can not have danger also.. |
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