正论篇第十八_荀子
世俗之为说者曰:“主道利周。”
是不然。主者、民之唱也,上者、下之仪也。彼将听唱而应,视仪而动;唱默则民无应也,仪隐则下无动也;不应不动,则上下无以相有也。若是,则与无上同也!不祥莫大焉。故上者、下之本也。上宣明,则下治辨矣;上端诚,则下愿悫矣;上公正,则下易直矣。治辨则易一,愿悫则易使,易直则易知。易一则强,易使则功,易知则明,是治之所由生也。上周密,则下疑玄矣;上幽险,则下渐诈矣;上偏曲,则下比周矣。疑玄则难一,渐诈则难使,比周则难知。难一则不强,难使则不功,难知则不明,是乱之所由作也。故主道利明不利幽,利宣不利周。故主道明则下安,主道幽则下危。故下安则贵上,下危则贱上。故上易知,则下亲上矣;上难知,则下畏上矣。下亲上则上安,下畏上则上危。故主道莫恶乎难知,莫危乎使下畏己。传曰:“恶之者众则危。”书曰:“克明明德。”诗曰:“明明在下。”故先王明之,岂特玄之耳哉!
世俗之为说者曰:“桀纣有天下,汤武篡而夺之。”
是不然。以桀纣为常有天下之籍则然,亲有天下之籍则不然,天下谓在桀纣则不然。古者天子千官,诸侯百官。以是千官也,令行于诸夏之国,谓之王。以是百官也,令行于境内,国虽不安,不至于废易遂亡,谓之君。圣王之子也,有天下之后也,埶籍之所在也,天下之宗室也,然而不材不中,内则百姓疾之,外则诸侯叛之,近者境内不一,遥者诸侯不听,令不行于境内,甚者诸侯侵削之,攻伐之。若是,则虽未亡,吾谓之无天下矣。圣王没,有埶籍者罢不足以县天下,天下无君;诸侯有能德明威积,海内之民莫不愿得以为君师;然而暴国独侈,安能诛之,必不伤害无罪之民,诛暴国之君,若诛独夫。若是,则可谓能用天下矣。能用天下之谓王。汤武非取天下也,修其道,行其义,兴天下之同利,除天下之同害,而天下归之也。桀纣非去天下也,反禹汤之德,乱礼义之分,禽兽之行,积其凶,全其恶,而天下去之也。天下归之之谓王,天下去之之谓亡。故桀纣无天下,汤武不弒君,由此效之也。汤武者,民之父母也;桀纣者、民之怨贼也。今世俗之为说者,以桀纣为君,而以汤武为弒,然则是诛民之父母,而师民之怨贼也,不祥莫大焉。以天下之合为君,则天下未尝合于桀纣也。然则以汤武为弒,则天下未尝有说也,直堕之耳。
故天子唯其人。天下者,至重也,非至强莫之能任;至大也,非至辨莫之能分;至众也,非至明莫之能和。此三至者,非圣人莫之能尽。故非圣人莫之能王。圣人备道全美者也,是县天下之权称也。桀纣者、其志虑至险也,其志意至闇也,其行为至乱也;亲者疏之,贤者贱之,生民怨之。禹汤之后也,而不得一人之与;刳比干,囚箕子,身死国亡,为天下之大僇,后世之言恶者必稽焉,是不容妻子之数也。故至贤畴四海,汤武是也;至罢不能容妻子,桀纣是也。今世俗之为说者,以桀纣为有天下,而臣汤武,岂不过甚矣哉!譬之,是犹伛巫跛匡大自以为有知也。
故可以有夺人国,不可以有夺人天下;可以有窃国,不可以有窃天下也。可以夺之者可以有国,而不可以有天下;窃可以得国,而不可以得天下。是何也?曰:国、小具也,可以小人有也,可以小道得也,可以小力持也;天下者、大具也,不可以小人有也,不可以小道得也,不可以小力持也。国者、小人可以有之,然而未必不亡也;天下者,至大也,非圣人莫之能有也。
世俗之为说者曰:“治古无肉刑,而有象刑:墨黥,慅婴,共、艾毕,剕、枲屦 ,杀、赭衣而不纯。治古如是。”
是不然。以为治邪?则人固莫触罪,非独不用肉刑,亦不用象刑矣。以为人或触罪矣,而直轻其刑,然则是杀人者不死,伤人者不刑也。罪至重而刑至轻,庸人不知恶矣,乱莫大焉。凡刑人之本,禁暴恶恶,且惩其未也。杀人者不死,而伤人者不刑,是谓惠暴而宽贼也,非恶恶也。故象刑殆非生于治古,并起于乱今也。
治古不然。凡爵列、官职、赏庆、刑罚,皆报也,以类相从者也。一物失称,乱之端也。夫德不称位,能不称官,赏不当功,罚不当罪,不祥莫大焉。昔者武王伐有商,诛纣,断其首,县之赤旆。夫征暴诛悍,治之盛也。杀人者死,伤人者刑,是百王之所同也,未有知其所由来者也。
刑称罪,则治;不称罪,则乱。故治则刑重,乱则刑轻,犯治之罪固重 ,犯乱之罪固轻也。书曰:“刑罚世轻世重。”此之谓也。
世俗之为说者曰:“汤武不善禁令。”曰:“是何也?”曰:“楚越不受制。”
是不然。汤武者、至天下之善禁令者也。汤居亳,武王居鄗,皆百里之地也,天下为一,诸侯为臣,通达之属,莫不振动从服以化顺之,曷为楚越独不受制也!
彼王者之制也,视形埶而制械用,称远迩而等贡献,岂必齐哉!故鲁人以榶,卫人用柯,齐人用一革,土地刑制不同者,械用、备饰不可不异也。故诸夏之国同服同仪,蛮、夷、戎、狄之国同服不同制。封内甸服,封外侯服,侯卫宾服,蛮夷要服,戎狄荒服。甸服者祭,侯服者祀,宾服者享,要服者贡,荒服者终王。日祭、月祀、时享、岁贡、终王,夫是之谓视形埶而制械用,称远近而等贡献;是王者之制也。
彼楚越者,且时享、岁贡,终王之属也,必齐之日祭月祀之属,然后曰受制邪?是规磨之说也。沟中之瘠也,则未足与及王者之制也。语曰:“浅不足与测深,愚不足与谋智,坎井之蛙,不可与语东海之乐。”此之谓也。
世俗之为说者曰:“尧舜擅让。”
是不然。天子者,埶位至尊,无敌于天下,夫有谁与让矣?道德纯备,智惠甚明 ,南面而听天下,生民之属莫不震动从服以化顺之。天下无隐士,无遗善,同焉者是也,异焉者非也。夫有恶擅天下矣。
曰:“死而擅之。”
是又不然。圣王在上,决德而定次,量能而授官,皆使民载其事而各得其宜。不能以义制利,不能以伪饰性,则兼以为民。圣王已没,天下无圣,则固莫足以擅天下矣。天下有圣,而在后子者,则天下不离,朝不易位,国不更制,天下厌然,与乡无以异也;以尧继尧,夫又何变之有矣!圣不在后子而在三公,则天下如归,犹复而振之矣。天下厌然,与乡无以异也;以尧继尧,夫又何变之有矣!唯其徙朝改制为难。故天子生则天下一隆,致顺而治,论德而定次,死则能任天下者必有之矣。夫礼义之分尽矣,擅让恶用矣哉!
曰:“老衰而擅。”
是又不然。血气筋力则有衰,若夫智虑取舍则无衰。
曰:“老者不堪其劳而休也。”
是又畏事者之议也。天子者埶至重而形至佚,心至愉而志无所诎,而形不为劳,尊无上矣。衣被则服五采,杂间色,重文绣,加饰之以珠玉;食饮则重大牢而备珍怪,期臭味,曼而馈,伐皋而食,雍而彻乎五祀,执荐者百余人,侍西房;居则设张容,负依而坐,诸侯趋走乎堂下;出户而巫觋有事,出门而宗祝有事,乘大路趋越席以养安,侧载睪芷以养鼻,前有错衡以养目,和鸾之声,步中武象,趋中韶护以养耳,三公奉軶、持纳,诸侯持轮、挟舆、先马,大侯编后,大夫次之,小侯元士次之,庶士介而夹道,庶人隐窜,莫敢视望。居如大神,动如天帝。持老养衰,犹有善于是者与?不老者、休也,休犹有安乐恬愉如是者乎?故曰:诸侯有老,天子无老。
有擅国,无擅天下,古今一也。夫曰尧舜擅让,是虚言也,是浅者之传,陋者之说也,不知逆顺之理,小大、至不至之变者也,未可与及天下之大理者也。
世俗之为说者曰:“尧舜不能教化。”是何也?曰:“朱象不化。”
是不然也:尧舜至天下之善教化者也。南面而听天下,生民之属莫不振动从服以化顺之。然而朱象独不化,是非尧舜之过,朱象之罪也。尧舜者、天下之英也;朱象者、天下之嵬,一时之琐也。今世俗之为说者,不怪朱象,而非尧舜,岂不过甚矣哉!夫是之谓嵬说。羿蜂门者、天下之善射者也,不能以拨弓曲矢中微;王梁造父者、天下之善驭者也,不能以辟马毁舆致远。尧舜者、天下之善教化者也,不能使嵬琐化。何世而无嵬?何时而无琐?自太皞燧人莫不有也。故作者不祥,学者受其殃,非者有庆。诗曰:“下民之孽,匪降自天。噂沓背憎,职竞由人。”此之谓也。
世俗之为说者曰:“太古薄背,棺厚三寸,衣衾三领,葬田不妨田,故不掘也;乱今厚葬饰棺,故抇也。”
是不及知治道,而不察于抇不抇者之所言也。凡人之盗也,必以有为,不以备不足,则以重有余也。而圣王之生民也,皆使富厚优犹知足,而不得以有余过度。故盗不窃,贼不刺,狗豕吐菽粟,而农贾皆能以货财让。风俗之美,男女自不取于涂,而百姓羞拾遗。故孔子曰:“天下有道,盗其先变乎!”虽珠玉满体,文绣充棺,黄金充椁,加之以丹矸,重之以曾青,犀象以为树,琅玕、龙兹、华觐以为实,人犹莫之抇也。是何故也?则求利之诡缓,而犯分之羞大也。
夫乱今然后反是。上以无法使,下以无度行;知者不得虑,能者不得治,贤者不得使。若是,则上失天性,下失地利,中失人和。故百事废,财物诎,而祸乱起。王公则病不足于上,庶人则冻餧羸瘠于下。于是焉桀纣群居,而盗贼击夺以危上矣。安禽兽行,虎狼贪,故脯巨人而炙婴儿矣。若是则有何尤抇人之墓,抉人之口而求利矣哉!虽此裸而薶之,犹且必抇也,安得葬薶哉!彼乃将食其肉而龁其骨也。
夫曰:太古薄背,故不抇也;乱今厚葬,故抇也。是特奸人之误于乱说,以欺愚者而淖陷之,以偷取利焉。夫是之谓大奸。传曰:“危人而自安,害人而自利。”此之谓也。
子宋子曰:“明见侮之不辱,使人不斗。人皆以见侮为辱,故斗于也;知见侮之为不辱,则不斗矣。”
应之曰:然则以人之情为不恶侮乎?
曰:“恶而不辱也。”
曰:若是,则必不得所求焉。凡人之斗也,必以其恶之为说,非以其辱之为故也。今俳优、侏儒、狎徒詈侮而不斗者,是岂钜知见侮之为不辱哉。然而不斗者,不恶故也。今人或入其央渎,窃其猪彘,则援剑戟而逐之,不避死伤。是岂以丧猪为辱也哉!然而不惮斗者,恶之故也。虽以见侮为辱也,不恶则不斗;虽知见侮为不辱,恶之则必斗。然则斗与不斗邪,亡于辱之与不辱也,乃在于恶之与不恶也。夫今子宋子不能解人之恶侮,而务说人以勿辱也,岂不过甚矣哉!金舌弊口,犹将无益也。不知其无益,则不知;知其无益也,直以欺人,则不仁。不仁不知,辱莫大焉。将以为有益于人,则与无益于人也,则得大辱而退耳!说莫病是矣。
子宋子曰:“见侮不辱。”
应之曰:凡议必先立隆正,然后可也。无隆正则是非不分,而辨讼不决,故所闻曰:“天下之大隆,是非之封界,分职名象之所起,王制是也。”故凡言议期命是非,以圣王为师。而圣王之分,荣辱是也。
是有两端矣。有义荣者,有埶荣者;有义辱者,有埶辱者。志意修,德行厚,知虑明,是荣之由中出者也,夫是之谓义荣。爵列尊,贡禄厚,形埶胜,上为天子诸侯,下为卿相士大夫,是荣之从外至者也,夫是之谓埶荣。流淫污僈,犯分乱理,骄暴贪利,是辱之由中出者也,夫是之谓义辱。詈侮捽搏,捶笞膑脚,斩断枯磔,借靡后缚,是辱之由外至者也,夫是之谓埶辱。是荣辱之两端也。
故君子可以有埶辱,而不可以有义辱;小人可以有埶荣,而不可以有义荣。有埶辱无害为尧,有埶荣无害为桀。义荣埶荣,唯君子然后兼有之;义辱埶辱,唯小人然后兼有之。是荣辱之分也。圣王以为法,士大夫以为道,官人以为守,百姓以成俗,万世不能易也。
今子宋子则不然,独诎容为己,虑一朝而改之,说必不行矣。譬之,是犹以砖涂塞江海也,以焦侥而戴太山也,蹎跌碎折,不待顷矣。二三子之善于子宋子者,殆不若止之,将恐得伤其体也。
子宋子曰:“人之情,欲寡,而皆以己之情,为欲多,是过也。”故率其群徒,辨其谈说,明其譬称,将使人知情之欲寡也。
应之曰:然则亦以人之情为目不欲綦色,耳不欲綦声,口不欲綦味,鼻不欲綦臭,形不欲綦佚--此五綦者,亦以人之情为不欲乎?
曰:“人之情,欲是已。”
曰:若是,则说必不行矣。以人之情为欲,此五綦者而不欲多,譬之,是犹以人之情为欲富贵而不欲货也,好美而恶西施也。古之人为之不然。以人之情为欲多而不欲寡,故赏以富厚而罚以杀损也。是百王之所同也。故上贤禄天下,次贤禄一国,下贤禄田邑,愿悫之民完衣食。今子宋子以是之情为欲寡而不欲多也,然则先王以人之所不欲者赏,而以人之欲者罚邪?乱莫大焉。今子宋子严然而好说,聚人徒,立师学,成文典,然而说不免于以至治为至乱也,岂不过甚矣哉!
是不然。主者、民之唱也,上者、下之仪也。彼将听唱而应,视仪而动;唱默则民无应也,仪隐则下无动也;不应不动,则上下无以相有也。若是,则与无上同也!不祥莫大焉。故上者、下之本也。上宣明,则下治辨矣;上端诚,则下愿悫矣;上公正,则下易直矣。治辨则易一,愿悫则易使,易直则易知。易一则强,易使则功,易知则明,是治之所由生也。上周密,则下疑玄矣;上幽险,则下渐诈矣;上偏曲,则下比周矣。疑玄则难一,渐诈则难使,比周则难知。难一则不强,难使则不功,难知则不明,是乱之所由作也。故主道利明不利幽,利宣不利周。故主道明则下安,主道幽则下危。故下安则贵上,下危则贱上。故上易知,则下亲上矣;上难知,则下畏上矣。下亲上则上安,下畏上则上危。故主道莫恶乎难知,莫危乎使下畏己。传曰:“恶之者众则危。”书曰:“克明明德。”诗曰:“明明在下。”故先王明之,岂特玄之耳哉!
世俗之为说者曰:“桀纣有天下,汤武篡而夺之。”
是不然。以桀纣为常有天下之籍则然,亲有天下之籍则不然,天下谓在桀纣则不然。古者天子千官,诸侯百官。以是千官也,令行于诸夏之国,谓之王。以是百官也,令行于境内,国虽不安,不至于废易遂亡,谓之君。圣王之子也,有天下之后也,埶籍之所在也,天下之宗室也,然而不材不中,内则百姓疾之,外则诸侯叛之,近者境内不一,遥者诸侯不听,令不行于境内,甚者诸侯侵削之,攻伐之。若是,则虽未亡,吾谓之无天下矣。圣王没,有埶籍者罢不足以县天下,天下无君;诸侯有能德明威积,海内之民莫不愿得以为君师;然而暴国独侈,安能诛之,必不伤害无罪之民,诛暴国之君,若诛独夫。若是,则可谓能用天下矣。能用天下之谓王。汤武非取天下也,修其道,行其义,兴天下之同利,除天下之同害,而天下归之也。桀纣非去天下也,反禹汤之德,乱礼义之分,禽兽之行,积其凶,全其恶,而天下去之也。天下归之之谓王,天下去之之谓亡。故桀纣无天下,汤武不弒君,由此效之也。汤武者,民之父母也;桀纣者、民之怨贼也。今世俗之为说者,以桀纣为君,而以汤武为弒,然则是诛民之父母,而师民之怨贼也,不祥莫大焉。以天下之合为君,则天下未尝合于桀纣也。然则以汤武为弒,则天下未尝有说也,直堕之耳。
故天子唯其人。天下者,至重也,非至强莫之能任;至大也,非至辨莫之能分;至众也,非至明莫之能和。此三至者,非圣人莫之能尽。故非圣人莫之能王。圣人备道全美者也,是县天下之权称也。桀纣者、其志虑至险也,其志意至闇也,其行为至乱也;亲者疏之,贤者贱之,生民怨之。禹汤之后也,而不得一人之与;刳比干,囚箕子,身死国亡,为天下之大僇,后世之言恶者必稽焉,是不容妻子之数也。故至贤畴四海,汤武是也;至罢不能容妻子,桀纣是也。今世俗之为说者,以桀纣为有天下,而臣汤武,岂不过甚矣哉!譬之,是犹伛巫跛匡大自以为有知也。
故可以有夺人国,不可以有夺人天下;可以有窃国,不可以有窃天下也。可以夺之者可以有国,而不可以有天下;窃可以得国,而不可以得天下。是何也?曰:国、小具也,可以小人有也,可以小道得也,可以小力持也;天下者、大具也,不可以小人有也,不可以小道得也,不可以小力持也。国者、小人可以有之,然而未必不亡也;天下者,至大也,非圣人莫之能有也。
世俗之为说者曰:“治古无肉刑,而有象刑:墨黥,慅婴,共、艾毕,剕、枲屦 ,杀、赭衣而不纯。治古如是。”
是不然。以为治邪?则人固莫触罪,非独不用肉刑,亦不用象刑矣。以为人或触罪矣,而直轻其刑,然则是杀人者不死,伤人者不刑也。罪至重而刑至轻,庸人不知恶矣,乱莫大焉。凡刑人之本,禁暴恶恶,且惩其未也。杀人者不死,而伤人者不刑,是谓惠暴而宽贼也,非恶恶也。故象刑殆非生于治古,并起于乱今也。
治古不然。凡爵列、官职、赏庆、刑罚,皆报也,以类相从者也。一物失称,乱之端也。夫德不称位,能不称官,赏不当功,罚不当罪,不祥莫大焉。昔者武王伐有商,诛纣,断其首,县之赤旆。夫征暴诛悍,治之盛也。杀人者死,伤人者刑,是百王之所同也,未有知其所由来者也。
刑称罪,则治;不称罪,则乱。故治则刑重,乱则刑轻,犯治之罪固重 ,犯乱之罪固轻也。书曰:“刑罚世轻世重。”此之谓也。
世俗之为说者曰:“汤武不善禁令。”曰:“是何也?”曰:“楚越不受制。”
是不然。汤武者、至天下之善禁令者也。汤居亳,武王居鄗,皆百里之地也,天下为一,诸侯为臣,通达之属,莫不振动从服以化顺之,曷为楚越独不受制也!
彼王者之制也,视形埶而制械用,称远迩而等贡献,岂必齐哉!故鲁人以榶,卫人用柯,齐人用一革,土地刑制不同者,械用、备饰不可不异也。故诸夏之国同服同仪,蛮、夷、戎、狄之国同服不同制。封内甸服,封外侯服,侯卫宾服,蛮夷要服,戎狄荒服。甸服者祭,侯服者祀,宾服者享,要服者贡,荒服者终王。日祭、月祀、时享、岁贡、终王,夫是之谓视形埶而制械用,称远近而等贡献;是王者之制也。
彼楚越者,且时享、岁贡,终王之属也,必齐之日祭月祀之属,然后曰受制邪?是规磨之说也。沟中之瘠也,则未足与及王者之制也。语曰:“浅不足与测深,愚不足与谋智,坎井之蛙,不可与语东海之乐。”此之谓也。
世俗之为说者曰:“尧舜擅让。”
是不然。天子者,埶位至尊,无敌于天下,夫有谁与让矣?道德纯备,智惠甚明 ,南面而听天下,生民之属莫不震动从服以化顺之。天下无隐士,无遗善,同焉者是也,异焉者非也。夫有恶擅天下矣。
曰:“死而擅之。”
是又不然。圣王在上,决德而定次,量能而授官,皆使民载其事而各得其宜。不能以义制利,不能以伪饰性,则兼以为民。圣王已没,天下无圣,则固莫足以擅天下矣。天下有圣,而在后子者,则天下不离,朝不易位,国不更制,天下厌然,与乡无以异也;以尧继尧,夫又何变之有矣!圣不在后子而在三公,则天下如归,犹复而振之矣。天下厌然,与乡无以异也;以尧继尧,夫又何变之有矣!唯其徙朝改制为难。故天子生则天下一隆,致顺而治,论德而定次,死则能任天下者必有之矣。夫礼义之分尽矣,擅让恶用矣哉!
曰:“老衰而擅。”
是又不然。血气筋力则有衰,若夫智虑取舍则无衰。
曰:“老者不堪其劳而休也。”
是又畏事者之议也。天子者埶至重而形至佚,心至愉而志无所诎,而形不为劳,尊无上矣。衣被则服五采,杂间色,重文绣,加饰之以珠玉;食饮则重大牢而备珍怪,期臭味,曼而馈,伐皋而食,雍而彻乎五祀,执荐者百余人,侍西房;居则设张容,负依而坐,诸侯趋走乎堂下;出户而巫觋有事,出门而宗祝有事,乘大路趋越席以养安,侧载睪芷以养鼻,前有错衡以养目,和鸾之声,步中武象,趋中韶护以养耳,三公奉軶、持纳,诸侯持轮、挟舆、先马,大侯编后,大夫次之,小侯元士次之,庶士介而夹道,庶人隐窜,莫敢视望。居如大神,动如天帝。持老养衰,犹有善于是者与?不老者、休也,休犹有安乐恬愉如是者乎?故曰:诸侯有老,天子无老。
有擅国,无擅天下,古今一也。夫曰尧舜擅让,是虚言也,是浅者之传,陋者之说也,不知逆顺之理,小大、至不至之变者也,未可与及天下之大理者也。
世俗之为说者曰:“尧舜不能教化。”是何也?曰:“朱象不化。”
是不然也:尧舜至天下之善教化者也。南面而听天下,生民之属莫不振动从服以化顺之。然而朱象独不化,是非尧舜之过,朱象之罪也。尧舜者、天下之英也;朱象者、天下之嵬,一时之琐也。今世俗之为说者,不怪朱象,而非尧舜,岂不过甚矣哉!夫是之谓嵬说。羿蜂门者、天下之善射者也,不能以拨弓曲矢中微;王梁造父者、天下之善驭者也,不能以辟马毁舆致远。尧舜者、天下之善教化者也,不能使嵬琐化。何世而无嵬?何时而无琐?自太皞燧人莫不有也。故作者不祥,学者受其殃,非者有庆。诗曰:“下民之孽,匪降自天。噂沓背憎,职竞由人。”此之谓也。
世俗之为说者曰:“太古薄背,棺厚三寸,衣衾三领,葬田不妨田,故不掘也;乱今厚葬饰棺,故抇也。”
是不及知治道,而不察于抇不抇者之所言也。凡人之盗也,必以有为,不以备不足,则以重有余也。而圣王之生民也,皆使富厚优犹知足,而不得以有余过度。故盗不窃,贼不刺,狗豕吐菽粟,而农贾皆能以货财让。风俗之美,男女自不取于涂,而百姓羞拾遗。故孔子曰:“天下有道,盗其先变乎!”虽珠玉满体,文绣充棺,黄金充椁,加之以丹矸,重之以曾青,犀象以为树,琅玕、龙兹、华觐以为实,人犹莫之抇也。是何故也?则求利之诡缓,而犯分之羞大也。
夫乱今然后反是。上以无法使,下以无度行;知者不得虑,能者不得治,贤者不得使。若是,则上失天性,下失地利,中失人和。故百事废,财物诎,而祸乱起。王公则病不足于上,庶人则冻餧羸瘠于下。于是焉桀纣群居,而盗贼击夺以危上矣。安禽兽行,虎狼贪,故脯巨人而炙婴儿矣。若是则有何尤抇人之墓,抉人之口而求利矣哉!虽此裸而薶之,犹且必抇也,安得葬薶哉!彼乃将食其肉而龁其骨也。
夫曰:太古薄背,故不抇也;乱今厚葬,故抇也。是特奸人之误于乱说,以欺愚者而淖陷之,以偷取利焉。夫是之谓大奸。传曰:“危人而自安,害人而自利。”此之谓也。
子宋子曰:“明见侮之不辱,使人不斗。人皆以见侮为辱,故斗于也;知见侮之为不辱,则不斗矣。”
应之曰:然则以人之情为不恶侮乎?
曰:“恶而不辱也。”
曰:若是,则必不得所求焉。凡人之斗也,必以其恶之为说,非以其辱之为故也。今俳优、侏儒、狎徒詈侮而不斗者,是岂钜知见侮之为不辱哉。然而不斗者,不恶故也。今人或入其央渎,窃其猪彘,则援剑戟而逐之,不避死伤。是岂以丧猪为辱也哉!然而不惮斗者,恶之故也。虽以见侮为辱也,不恶则不斗;虽知见侮为不辱,恶之则必斗。然则斗与不斗邪,亡于辱之与不辱也,乃在于恶之与不恶也。夫今子宋子不能解人之恶侮,而务说人以勿辱也,岂不过甚矣哉!金舌弊口,犹将无益也。不知其无益,则不知;知其无益也,直以欺人,则不仁。不仁不知,辱莫大焉。将以为有益于人,则与无益于人也,则得大辱而退耳!说莫病是矣。
子宋子曰:“见侮不辱。”
应之曰:凡议必先立隆正,然后可也。无隆正则是非不分,而辨讼不决,故所闻曰:“天下之大隆,是非之封界,分职名象之所起,王制是也。”故凡言议期命是非,以圣王为师。而圣王之分,荣辱是也。
是有两端矣。有义荣者,有埶荣者;有义辱者,有埶辱者。志意修,德行厚,知虑明,是荣之由中出者也,夫是之谓义荣。爵列尊,贡禄厚,形埶胜,上为天子诸侯,下为卿相士大夫,是荣之从外至者也,夫是之谓埶荣。流淫污僈,犯分乱理,骄暴贪利,是辱之由中出者也,夫是之谓义辱。詈侮捽搏,捶笞膑脚,斩断枯磔,借靡后缚,是辱之由外至者也,夫是之谓埶辱。是荣辱之两端也。
故君子可以有埶辱,而不可以有义辱;小人可以有埶荣,而不可以有义荣。有埶辱无害为尧,有埶荣无害为桀。义荣埶荣,唯君子然后兼有之;义辱埶辱,唯小人然后兼有之。是荣辱之分也。圣王以为法,士大夫以为道,官人以为守,百姓以成俗,万世不能易也。
今子宋子则不然,独诎容为己,虑一朝而改之,说必不行矣。譬之,是犹以砖涂塞江海也,以焦侥而戴太山也,蹎跌碎折,不待顷矣。二三子之善于子宋子者,殆不若止之,将恐得伤其体也。
子宋子曰:“人之情,欲寡,而皆以己之情,为欲多,是过也。”故率其群徒,辨其谈说,明其譬称,将使人知情之欲寡也。
应之曰:然则亦以人之情为目不欲綦色,耳不欲綦声,口不欲綦味,鼻不欲綦臭,形不欲綦佚--此五綦者,亦以人之情为不欲乎?
曰:“人之情,欲是已。”
曰:若是,则说必不行矣。以人之情为欲,此五綦者而不欲多,譬之,是犹以人之情为欲富贵而不欲货也,好美而恶西施也。古之人为之不然。以人之情为欲多而不欲寡,故赏以富厚而罚以杀损也。是百王之所同也。故上贤禄天下,次贤禄一国,下贤禄田邑,愿悫之民完衣食。今子宋子以是之情为欲寡而不欲多也,然则先王以人之所不欲者赏,而以人之欲者罚邪?乱莫大焉。今子宋子严然而好说,聚人徒,立师学,成文典,然而说不免于以至治为至乱也,岂不过甚矣哉!
Talking a Xun Zi of the 18th _ New Sinology Chapter: Talking piece the 18th New Sinology BookName: Xun Zi New Sinology Catalog: Child ministry New Sinology Content: It is the person that say after the flesh to say: "Week of main stem benefit. "Week of main stem benefit.. Be otherwise. Advocate person, civilian sing also, the person that go up, appearance below also. Those will listen to sing and answer, inspect appearance and move; Sing silent criterion civilian without should also, appearance concealed falls without move also; Do not answer to be not moved, do not have up and down with having also. If, criterion with clinking with also! Bodeful and greatest Yan. The reason person that go up, below this also. Go up Xuan Ming, fall treat differentiate; Go up Duan Cheng, fall wish Que; Go up just, issue Yi Zhi. Treat differentiate easy one, wish Que makes easily, yi Zhi criterion knows easily. Easy first strong, make easily a result, yi Zhi criterion bright, it is treated place by unripe also. Close last week, criterion next doubt are black; Go up hidden danger, fall gradually cheat; Music slants on, fall than. Doubt is black difficult one, gradually cheat makes hard, compare Zhou Zenan to know. Difficult first not strong, make hard criterion not result, know hard unidentified, the place that is chaos by make also. Benefit of reason main stem bright adverse deep and remote, benefit announce is adverse. Reason main stem bright fall how, main stem is deep and remote finish high. On the An Zegui below reason, play danger criterion base. The Yi Zhi on reason, fall to go up in person; Go up to know hard, issue Wei to go up. Go up in person below how, danger goes up on next Wei. Reason main stem not evil know hard, not high make issue Wei oneself. Pass: "Evil person numerous high. " the book says: "Kemingmingde. " the poem says: "Falling obviously. " reason first of Wang Ming, especially dark side! It is the person that say after the flesh to say: "Name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty falls one day, soup fierce seize and seize. Soup fierce seize and seize.. Be otherwise. It is the home town that often leaves one day with name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty criterion like that, the home town that leaves one day in person criterion otherwise, the world calls in name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty criterion otherwise. Ancient person the emperor 1000 officials, vassal 100 officials. In order to be 1000 officials also, make go at all Xia Zhi countries, calling king. In order to be 100 officials also, make go at churchyard, although the country is disturbed, unapt useless Yi Sui dies, calling gentleman. Of holy king child also, after falling one day also, the place of book also, the imperial clan of the world also, however not material bos, inside criterion of common people disease, outside of vassal betray, close person churchyard is differ, yao person vassal do not listen, make be no good at churchyard, very person vassal invade cut, those who attack cut down. If, criterion although did not die, I calls do not have the world. Holy king is done not have, the person that have native place stops can't prefectural the world, the world does not have gentleman; Vassal have can Demingwei is accumulated, of within the country civilian there's no one who doesn't or isn't wishs to be able to be gentleman division; However cruel country wastefuls alone, how can put to death, do not harm surely innocent civilian, the gentleman of kill cruel country, be like kill a bad ruler forsaken by all. If, criterion it may be said can use the world. Can use the world call king. Soup fierce blame takes the world also, xiu Jidao, row its justice, those who permit the world with benefit, kill what divide the world together, and the world returns also. Blame of name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty goes the world also, return Yu Shang's heart, in disorder the cent of ceremony justice, the travel of birds and beasts, accumulate its fierce, complete its are evil, and the world goes also. The world Gui Zhizhi calls king, the world goes call die. Name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of reason the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty does not have the world, shang Wu not Mr , from this of effect also. Shang Wu person, civilian parents also; Name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty person, civilian complain a thief also. It is the person that say after the flesh today, it is gentleman with name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty, and it is with Shang Wu, ining that case is the parents of kill civilian, and the enmity of division civilian thief also, bodeful and greatest Yan. With the world close for gentleman, In that case to be with Shang Wu, the ear of straight fall. Reason the emperor only its person. The world person, to heavy also, blame can hold the post of to strong Mo Zhi; To big also, blame to differentiate Mo Zhi can be divided; To numerous also, blame can mix to bright Mo Zhi. This 3 person that come, be not sage Mo Zhi to be able to be used up. Reason is not sage Mo Zhi can king. Sage equipment line is completely beautiful person also, the authority that is prefectural the world says also. Name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty person, its annals Lv comes danger also, its annals meaning comes Zuo also, its behavior comes random also; The person that kiss is scanty, virtuous person of cheap, unripe civilian complain. After Yu Shang also, and do not get one person with; Hollow than working, convict dustpan child, body dead country dies, it is the big of the world, the character of later ages is evil person surely Ji Yan, it is to not allow of the wife also. Reason comes virtuous farmland the four seas, shang Wu is also; Come to cannot allow a wife, name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty is also. It is the person that say after the flesh today, it is with name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty fall one day, and official soup fierce, do not pass very! Of example, be still big flatter oneself of Yu Wu Bokuang has know also. Reason can have the state that deprive a person, cannot seize person the world in order to have; Can have usurp state power, cannot steal the world in order to have also. Can seize person can have a state, and can not fall one day; Steal can get a country, and can not get the world. Be He Ye? Say: Country, small also, can a person of low position have also, can canal is gotten also, can small force is held also; The world person, big also, cannot have in order to a person of low position also, cannot get with canal also, cannot hold with small force also. Country person, Lilliputian can have, however may not does not die also; The world person, to big also, blame sage Mo Zhi can have also. It is the person that say after the flesh to say: "Treat ancient without corporal punishment, and punishment having an elephant: Chinese ink Qing, baby, in all, Ai Bi, ju of , , kill, reddish brown garment and impure. Treat ancient so. Treat ancient so.. Be otherwise. Think treat unhealthy environmental influences that cause disease? Criterion person firm not touchs a blame, not merely need not corporal punishment, also need not resemble punishment. With be a person or touching a blame, and straight light its punishment, ining that case is homicide does not die, the person that injure a person not punishment also. The blame comes heavy and punishment comes light, mediocre person does not know evil, random greatest Yan. Of every punishment person this, ban cruel evil, and punish its not also. Homicide is not dead, and the person that injure a person not punishment, it is to call benefit is cruel and wide thief also, blame is evil evil also. Reason is not unripe Yu Zhigu like punishment almost, and result is random today also. Treat ancient otherwise. Fan Juelie, official position, admire celebrate, penal, all sign up for also, with kind photograph follower also. One content is broken say, random end also. Husband heart asymmetry, can asymmetry official, enjoy undeserved work, punish undeserved blame, bodeful and greatest Yan. Former times person fierce king cut down has business, kill name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant, break its head, prefectural bare flags. The husband asks for cruel kill bold, treated Cheng Ye. Homicide is dead, punishment of the person that injure a person, the place that is 100 king is the same as also, have no the person that know its place origin also. Punishment weighs a blame, treat; Asymmetry blame, random. Reason treats a punishment to weigh, chaos criterion punishment is light, commit treated crime solid is heavy, the crime that commits chaos originallies light also. The book says: "Penal age light age is heavy. " this call also. It is the person that say after the flesh to say: "Ban of soup fierce not to be pooh-poohed. " say: "Be He Ye? " say: "Chu Yue is not controlled. "Chu Yue is not controlled.. Be otherwise. Shang Wu person, the ban of be apt to to the world person also. Soup resides Bo, wuwang resides Zuo , all the ground of a hunderd li also, the world is one, vassal for me, of understand belong to, there's no one who doesn't or isn't is oscillatory from take what arrange in order to change, how is not controlled alone for Chu Yue also! Of those Wang Zhe make also, inspect form and make instrument use, weigh far near and wait for contribution, need Qi Zai! Reason Lu Ren with , defend a person to use stalk or branch, qi Ren uses one remove from office, land punishment makes the person that differ, instrument is used, act the role of fully cannot not different also. The country of all summer serves on purpose together with appearance, the country of pretty, exterminate, army, surname is taken together different make. Inside pasture is taken, the Hou Fu outside sealing, hou Weibin is taken, pretty exterminate wants to take, army Di Huang is taken. Hold a memorial ceremony for of the person that pasture is taken, the person that Hou is taken is offerred sacrifices to, the person that guest is taken is enjoyed, want tribute of the person that take, the person that barren is taken eventually king. Day hold a memorial ceremony for, month is offerred sacrifices to, when enjoy, year old tribute, eventually king, the husband is call to inspect form and make instrument use, weigh far and near and wait for contribution; The person that those Hunan is jumped over, and when enjoy, year old tribute, eventually Wang Zhi is belonged to also, need month of neat day hold a memorial ceremony for is offerred sacrifices to belong to, say next be controlled unhealthy environmental influences that cause disease? Be compasses grind say also. The barren in channel also, not sufficient make with what reach Wang Zhe also. Language say: "Shallow inadequacy and fathom, I inadequacy and seek wisdom, the frog of bank well, cannot with language the East China Sea happy. " this call also. It is the person that say after the flesh to say: "Arrogate to oneself of Yao and Shun lets. "Arrogate to oneself of Yao and Shun lets.. Be otherwise. The emperor person, to honour, below inapproachable Yu Tian, does the husband have who and let? Moral simple equipment, wisdom Hui Shenming, south and listen to the world, unripe civilian belong to there's no one who doesn't or isn't to shake from take what arrange in order to change. The world does not have anchoret, without be apt to of involuntary discharge of urine, the person that be the same as Yan is also, different Yan person blame also. The husband has the world of evil arrogate to oneself. Say: "Dead and of arrogate to oneself. "Dead and of arrogate to oneself.. Be otherwise. Holy king is in on, definitely heart and calm second, quantity can and give an official, all make civilian hold its job and get its appropriate each. Cannot with justice make profit, cannot act the role of a gender with bogus, hold concurrently think civilian. Holy king already was done not have, the world does not have emperor, originally not the world of enough arrogate to oneself. The world has emperor, and after child person, criterion the world does not leave, face is not easy, country not more make, the world be disgusted with like that, do not have with countryside with different also; With Yao Jiyao, why the husband goes again have! After emperor is absent child and be in 3 fair, criterion if the world returns, still answer and brace up. The world be disgusted with like that, do not have with countryside with different also; With Yao Jiyao, why the husband goes again have! Only government of its move from one place to another changes make embarrassed. Reason the emperor gives birth to a the world one grand, send arrange and treat, theory heart and calm second, can hold the post of what the day person that fall has surely to death. Husband ceremony justice be divided, arrogate to oneself lets evil with! Say: "Often decline and arrogate to oneself. "Often decline and arrogate to oneself.. Be otherwise. Biceps of courage and uprightness has decline, if husband wisdom Lv accepts or reject,do not have decline. Say: "The old man can'ts bear its fatigue and rest also. "The old man can'ts bear its fatigue and rest also.. Be Wei thing person discuss also. The emperor person comes heavy and form to comfort, to cheerful annals does not have the heart a Qu, and form do not be fatigue, honour clinking. The garment is taken 5 collect, miscellaneous a color, weigh article embroider, add those who act the role of with bead jade; Feed drink weighs jail and equipment precious is blamed, period stink, graceful and make a present of, cut down Gao and feed, harmony and thorough 5 offer sacrifices to, hold Jian person more than 100 people, shi Xi room; House criterion sets Zhang Rong, negative depend on and sit, vassal hasten goes below hall; Piece door and witch Xi is occupied, go out and Zong Zhu is occupied, jump over banquet to be installed in order to raise by the highroad hasten, side carries Bing Zhi in order to raise bazoo, before wrong judge in order to raise eye, the sound with a mythical bird like the phoenix, bu Zhongwu is resembled, the beautiful in hasten is protected in order to raise ear, 3 fair act according to Zuo , manage offer, vassal hold annulus, nip area, first horse, after big Hou is made up, doctor take second place, take second place of small Hou Yuanshi, person of be the concubine uprights and a narrow lane, change of hidden from view of person of be the concubine, mo Gan is inspected look. If house is big god, move the emperor that be like a day. Hold often raise decline, still have be apt to then person with? Not old man, cease also, cease still have cheerful of v comfortably not care at all so person? Friend says: Vassal have old, the emperor is not had old. Have state of arrogate to oneself, without the world of arrogate to oneself, gu Jin one also. The husband says arrogate to oneself of Yao and Shun lets, it is Xu Yan also, it is shallow person pass, humble person say also, do not know to disobey suitable put in order, small the big, person that change to what do not come also, cannot and the Dali that reach the world person also. It is the person that say after the flesh to say: "Yao and Shun cannot Jiaohua. " be He Ye? Say: "Zhu Xiang is not changed. "Zhu Xiang is not changed.. Be otherwise also: Yao and Shun comes the culturist of be apt to of the world also. South and listen to the world, unripe civilian belong to vibration of there's no one who doesn't or isn't from take what arrange in order to change. However Zhu Xiang is not changed alone, of dispute Yao and Shun over- , the blame of bright red elephant also. Yao and Shun person, of the world flower also; Bright red of the person that resemble, the world lofty, temporarily trivial also. It is the person that say after the flesh today, do not blame Zhu Xiang, yao and Shun of and rather than, do not pass very! The husband is call lofty say. Yi bee door person, the person that the be apt to of the world is shot also, cannot in order to dial bow arrow in small; The drive of be apt to of the person that Wang Liang builds male relative of a senior generation, the world person also, cannot destroy area to send with monarch horse far. Yao and Shun person, the culturist of be apt to of the world also, cannot make loftying trivial is changed. He Shi and without lofty? Why doesn't from time to time have trivial? From too there's no one who doesn't or isn't of flint person has also. The person that pretend to be is bodeful, the scholar suffers its disaster, the person that be not has celebrate. The poem says: "Below civilian evil, bandit falls from the day. carries abhor on the back crowded, duty contest by the person. " this call also. It is the person that say after the flesh to say: "Remote antiquity thin back, coffin is thick 3 inches, garment quilt 3 get, bury cropland mights as well cropland, reason is not dug also; Random today thick bury acts the role of coffin, reason also. Reason also.. It is to know to be treated not as good as, and not examine at not person place character also. Laic pilfer also, surely with promising, do not be not worth in order to have, criterion in order to weigh superabundant also. And holy Wang Zhisheng civilian also, all richen thick actor still content with one's lot, and must not with superabundant and excessive. Reason pilfer is not stolen, the thief is not pricked, the dog pigs the millet that spit beans, and farming Gu Jieneng lets with money money. The beauty of custom, the men and women does not take Yu Tu oneself, and gleaning of common people be ashamed. Reason Confucius says: "The world has, pilfer its change first! " although bead jade is full body, article embroider fills coffin, gold fills outer coffin, together with with red Gan, heavy with Ceng Qing, rhinoceros elephant thinks tree, lang , Long Ci, China present oneself before feels solid, person still Mo Zhi also. Be why reason also? Request the cunning delay of benefit, and be ashamed making component is big also. Husband chaos is instead next today. Go up with cannot making, below with excessive travel; The person that know does not get Lv, can person must not treat, virtuous person must not make. If, go up break a nature, leave lost territory profit, support of the people is broken in. 100 things abandon friend, property Qu, and disaster chaos rises. Disease of criterion of princes and dukes is insufficient at going up, of or by the concubine Zuo of person criterion aspic thins barren at falling. Name of the last ruler of the Shang Dynasty reputedly a tyrant of Yan the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty is then gregarious, and bandits is attacked seize go up in order to high. Install birds brutal act, tiger wolf is corrupt, reason chest giant and broil baby. If have the grave of person of He You , pick out the person's mouth and beg Li Yizai! Although this is naked and of Shu , still and surely also, how to get bury Shu ! Those will eat its meat therefore and Zuo its bone also. The husband says: Remote antiquity thin back, reason not also; Random today thick bury, reason also. It is special of serpent by accident at speaking carelessly, with bully I person and mire of defect, take benefit Yan in order to steal. The husband is call great illicit sexual relations. Pass: "Danger person and install oneself, kill a person and from benefit. " this call also. Child Song Zi says: "Bright see bully not disgrace, make the person is not fought. The person all is disgrace with seeing bully, reason is fought at also; Know those who see bully to be not disgrace, be not fought. Be not fought.. Answer say: In that case is the affection with the person not evil bully? Say: "Evil and not disgrace also. "Evil and not disgrace also.. Say: If, what must not beg Yan surely. Fight laicly also, say with its are evilly surely, blame with its disgrace for reason also. Today bully of Li of apprentice of comedian, dwarf, be improperly familiar with and the person that do not fight, it is to hard iron know those who see bully to be not disgrace. The person that do not fight however, not evil reason also. Today person or into its center shows disrespect or contempt, steal its pig to pig, criterion aid sword halberd and those who chase, do not avoid casualty. Be it is disgrace with funeral pig also! Do not fear however the person that fight, evil reason also. Although be disgrace in order to see bully also, not evil do not fight; Although know to see bully is not disgrace, evil fight surely. In that case bottle with do not fight unhealthy environmental influences that cause disease, die at disgrace with not disgrace also, depend on therefore evil with not evil also. Husband today child the evil bully that Song Zi cannot see a person, and Wu says a person with not disgrace also, do not pass very! Mouth of golden tongue fraud, still will profitless also. It is profitless to do not know its, do not know; It is profitless to know its also, straight with bully person, criterion heartless. Heartless does not know, disgrace is greatest Yan. Will think benefit a person, criterion with profitless at the person also, get big disgrace and retreat ear! Say not disease is. Child Song Zi says: "See bully not disgrace. "See bully not disgrace.. Those who answer say: Every is discussed establish Long Zheng first surely, next but also. Without Long Zhengze dispute is not divided, and differentiate bring a case to court not definitely, reason place hears: "The big bulge of the world, a bound of dispute, the place that the name that assign job resembles rises, king making is also. " character of friend this mortal world views period life dispute, it is division with holy king. And the cent of holy king, honour or disgrace is also. Be to have two end. The person that have justice glory, the person that have glory; The person that have justice disgrace, the person that have disgrace. Annals meaning is repaired, the mitzvah is thick, know Lv bright, be flourish by in the person that go out also, the husband is call justice flourish. The rank of nobility is listed honour, gong Luhou, form is gotten the better of, the emperor is on vassal, dear photograph scholar-bureaucrat is below, be flourish from outside the person that come also, the husband is call flourish. Shed excessive corrupt , chaos making component manages, arrogant is cruel corrupt benefit, be disgrace by in the person that go out also, the husband is call justice disgrace. Wrestle of Li bully , pound cane Bin foot, behead breaks withered dismemberment of the body, borrow the ligature after blown away by wind, be disgrace by outside the person that come also, the husband is call disgrace. The end that is honour or disgrace also. Reason gentleman can have disgrace, and can not have justice disgrace; Lilliputian can have glory, and can not have justice glory. Disgrace having is harmless for Monarch Yao, flourish having is harmless for the name of the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty. Flourish of justice flourish , only gentleman holds concurrently next; Disgrace of justice disgrace , a person of low position to hold concurrently next only. The cent that is honour or disgrace also. Holy king thinks law, scholar-bureaucrat thinks, government-owned person thinks defend, common people in order to become custom, all ages cannot easy also. Today child Song Zi criterion otherwise, alone Qu look is oneself, lv in one day and change, say to be no good surely. Of example, be still fill in with bricky besmear Jiang Hai also, with anxious Jiao Dai Taishan also, Zuo drops broken fold, prep before justs. 23 child be good at child Song Zi person, almost is like stop, will fear so that hurt its system also. Child Song Zi says: "The person's affection, desire few, and all with personal affection, for desire much, it is to pass also. " reason leads his group of apprentice, its talk about differentiate say, bright its example says, will make of person know the inside story desire few also. Answer say: In that case also the affection with the person is eye not desire Qi Se, ear not desire Qi Sheng, mouth not desire Qi flavour, nose not desire Qi is smelly, form not desire Qi Yi - - this 5 Qi person, also the affection with the person is not desire? Say: "The person's affection, be about to be already. Be about to be already.. Say: If, say to be no good surely. The affection with the person is desire, this 5 Qi person and not desire much, of example, be still the affection with the person is desire riches and honour and not desire goods also, very beautiful and evil Xi Shi also. Ancient person does it otherwise. The affection with the person is desire much and not desire few, reason is admired with rich thick and punish in order to reduce damage also. The place that is 100 king is the same as also. On reason virtuous salary the world, ci Xianlu one country, leave city of virtuous salary cropland, wish of Que civilian be over back and belly. Today child Song Zi in order to be affection is desire few and not desire much also, in that case first Wang Yiren's place not desire person admire, and with the person desire person punish unhealthy environmental influences that cause disease? Random greatest Yan. Today child Song Zi is severe however good say, get together person person, establish division to learn, existing writings is in charge of, say however unavoidable treat at down to to come random also, do not pass very! |
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